Election of 1918
The now legal Union of French Bolsheviks seemed to be creating the core of a nationwide revolutionary Leninist formation whilst all manner of radical left wing groups were agitating against the regime.
The SFIO, fearing that its base would be eroded by these new leftist groups, elected Oscar Frossard as General Secretary – a man on the left of the party who could appeal to the radicals and ensure they remained true to the path of the SFIO. The move backfired, in early 1918 Frossard journeyed to Soviet Russia, like so many socialists eager to see what workers' power looked like in practise, visiting Petrograd and Moscow he observed the Soviet regime and met with many leading Bolsheviks – including Bukharin, Zinoviev and even the world's most famous man, Lenin. Rather than put him off radicalism his experience in Russia turned Frossard into a committed Leninist. Upon returning to France in April 1918 he attempted to transform SFIO policy into wholehearted support for the Russian Revolution, finding widespread support from the rank and file. The party's right, led by Leon Blum, responded to this through a coup in the leadership that expelled Frossard from the SFIO – he was joined by 12 further SFIO deputies who supported his views as well as around half of the party membership. Frossard moved to group the fractious far left into a single group – this group became known simply as Radical Left.