Part Two
Chapter I- The Supreme Organs of the State Power
A. The People's Assembly
Article I
The People's Assembly is the supreme organ of state power, the bearer of the sovereignty of the people and the state and the sole law-making organ.
Article II
The People's Assembly has the following main competences:
it defines, in conformity with the general line and the orientations of the Hungarian Workers' party, the main directions of the internal and external policies of the state;
it approves and amends the Constitution and the laws, decides on the conformity of the laws with the Constitution, and interprets the laws;
it approves the plan for the economic and cultural development of the country and the state budget;
it proclaims partial and general mobilization, the state of emergency, as well as the state of war in case of armed aggression against the People's Republic of Hungary, or when this is necessary to fulfil the obligations deriving from international treaties;
it ratifies and denounces international treaties of special importance;
it grants amnesty;
it decides on popular referendums;
it elects, appoints, and dismisses the Presidium of the People's Assembly, the Council of Ministers, the Supreme Court, the Attorney General and his deputies. These organs are responsible to the People's Assembly and render account to it;
it defines the administrative territorial structure;
it decides on the creation or dissolving of ministries.
Article III
The People's Assembly is comprised of 500 deputies who are elected in constituencies with an equal number of inhabitants.
The People's Assembly is elected for a term of 5 years.
The People's Assembly holds its first session no later than two months from the day of its election.
The elections to the People's Assembly are held no later than three months from the day its mandate ends.
In case of war or in similar state of emergency, the People's Assembly may continue its activity beyond the normal term as long as the state of emergency continues.
In special instances, the People's Assembly may decide its dissolution before the completion of the term for which it has been elected.
Article IV
The People's Assembly elects its Presidential Council.
The activity of the People's Assembly is carried out according to the rules approved by it.
Article V
The People's Assembly meets in normal session twice per year by decree of the Presidium of the People's Assembly.
The People's Assembly may be summoned in extraordinary session by decree of the Presidium of the People Assembly or at the request of one-third of the deputies.
The meetings of the People's Assembly open when the majority of the deputies are present.
Article VI
The People's Assembly elects from its ranks permanent and temporary commissions.
At its first session the People's Assembly elects a commission for the examination of the mandates of the deputies. At the proposal of this commission the People's Assembly confirms or annuls the mandates of the deputies.
The permanent commissions have the duty to examine the bills and decrees of a normative character of the Presidium of the People's Assembly, to observe and control the activity of the state organs according to their respective sectors and to present problems to the People's Assembly or the Presidium of the People's Assembly. The temporary commissions are created for special questions.
Article VII
It is the duty of the deputy to the People's Assembly to serve the interests of the people, and the cause of the Homeland and socialism conscientiously and loyally, to maintain close contact with his electors, and render account to them.
The deputy to the People's Assembly has the right to demand explanations from all the state organs and to intervene with them for the precise implementation of the Constitution and laws.
The state organs are obliged to examine the requests and proposals by the deputies and to reply to them within defined regulations.
Article VIII
The deputy to the People's Assembly enjoys immunity.
The deputy cannot be detained, arrested, or suffer penal punishment, without the approval of the People's Assembly or the Presidium of the People's Assembly, apart from cases in which a grave crime has obviously been committed.
Article IX
The right to initiate legislation belongs to the Presidium of the People's Assembly, to the Council of Ministers, and the deputies.
The laws and other acts of the People's Assembly are considered approved when the majority of the deputies present have voted for them.
The laws are proclaimed no later than 15 days after their approval and enter into force 15 days after their proclamation in the Official Gazette, apart from occasions when they themselves envisage otherwise.
B. The Presidium of the People's Assembly
Article I
The Presidium of the People's Assembly is a superior organ of the state power with permanent activity.
The Presidium of the People's Assembly is comprised of the president, 3 vice-presidents, the secretary and 10 members.
Article II
The Presidium of the People's Assembly is elected from the ranks of the People's Assembly at its first session and it continues its activity till the election of a new Presidium.
Decisions of the Presidium of the People's Assembly are taken on a majority of votes when a majority of its members is present.
Article III
The Presidium of the People's Assembly has these main permanent competences:
it convenes the sessions of the People's Assembly;
it sets the date of elections to the People's Assembly and the people's councils;
it awards decorations and titles of honour;
it accords or revokes Hungarian citizenship and accepts the renunciation of it;
it exercises the right of pardon;
it defines the territorial-administrative divisions;
it enters into, international treaties and ratifies and denounces those which are not examined by the People's Assembly itself;
on the proposal of the Council of Ministers it appoints or dismisses diplomatic representatives;
it accepts the credentials and the letters of recall of the diplomatic representatives of foreign states;
it proclaims the laws and referendums decided by the People's Assembly.
Article IV
Between sessions of the People's Assembly, the Presidium of the People's Assembly exercises these competences:
it controls the implementations of the laws and decisions of the People's Assembly;
it controls the Council of Ministers, the Supreme Court, the Attorney General and any other state organ, and summons them to report;
it appoints or dismisses Vice-Chairmen of the Council of Ministers or individual ministers on the proposal of the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, it appoints or dismisses individual members or the Vice-Presidents of the Supreme Court and the deputies of the Attorney General. In each case the decrees for their appointment or dismissal must be approved by the People's Assembly;
it issues decrees and decisions; the decrees of a normative character are presented for approval to the People's Assembly at its next session;
it makes interpretations of laws and presents them for approval to the People's Assembly at its next session.
when the convening of the People's Assembly is impossible, it proclaims partial or general mobilization, the state of emergency, as well as the state of war in case of armed aggression against the People's Republic of Hungary, or when this is necessary to fulfil the obligations deriving from international treaties. In time of war, in case the convening of the People's Assembly is impossible, the Presidium of the People's Assembly exercises all the competences of the People's Assembly apart from changes in the Constitution.
Article V
The Presidium of the People's Assembly directs and controls the activity of the people's councils.
The Presidium of the People's Assembly may disband people's councils, appoint the respective temporary executive committees, as well as decide on the election of a new people's council.
The Presidium of the People's Assembly abrogades the unlawful or irregular acts of the Council of Ministers, of the people's councils and of the executive committees.
Chapter II- The Supreme Organs of State Administration
Article I
The Council of Ministers is the supreme executive and administrative organ.
The Council of Ministers is appointed at the first session of the People's Assembly.
The Council of Ministers comprises the Chairman, the Vice-Chairmen and the Ministers.
As a rule, the members of the Council of Ministers are appointed from among the ranks of the deputies to the People's Assembly.
The decisions of the Council of Ministers are taken on the majority of votes, when the majority of its members is present.
Article II
The Council of Ministers has the following main competences:
it directs the activity for the realization of the internal and external policies of the state;
it promulgates decisions, ordinances and instructions on the basis of the Constitution and the laws and for their implementation;
it directs and controls the activity of the ministries, other central organs of state administration, and the executive committees of the people's councils, and defines their internal organization;
it works out the draft-plan for the economic and cultural development of the country, the draft- budget of the state, organizes and controls the implementation of the plan and the budget, directs and organizes the finances of the state and the monetary and credit system;
it directs the activity for the fulfilment of duties in the field of the defence of the country, in conformity with the decisions of the Defence Council;
it takes measures for the security, protection, and strengthening of the socialist juridical order and the rights of citizens;
it enters into, and approves international agreements and denounces those international agreements not subject to ratification.
Article III
The Council of Ministers abrogates the unlawful or irregular acts of the Ministers and other central organs of the state administration and of executive committees of the people's councils.
The Council of Ministers suspends the implementation of unlawful or irregular decisions of the people's council, and presents the question of their abrogation to the higher people's council, or to the Presidium of the People's Assembly.
Article IV
The Presidium of the Council of Ministers comprises the Chairman and the Vice-Chairmen of the Council of Ministers.
The Presidium of the Council of Ministers supervises, controls and takes decisions on the implementation of tasks set by the Council of Ministers.
The Chairman of the Council of Ministers represents the Council of Ministers, presides over the meetings and directs its activity.
Article V
The ministries are central organs of the state administration, specialized in particular branches of activity, which are directed by members of the Council of Ministers.
The ministers are responsible for the activity of their respective ministries and of the Council of, Ministers, they direct and control the organs, enterprises, institutions and economic organizations of their sector.
On matters within their competences, the ministers issue orders, rules and instructions according to the laws, ordinances and decisions of the Council of Ministers, and for their implementation.
Article VI
The ministers abrogate the unlawful or irregular ordinances and instructions of the organs, enterprises or institutions dependent on them and suspend the application of the unlawful or irregular decisions of the executive committees of the people's councils, which have to do with their respective sphere of activity, representing the question of their abrogation to the Council of Ministers.
Chapter III- The Defence of the Country and the Armed Forces
Article I
The state safeguards the victories of the people's revolution and the socialist construction, defends the freedom, national independence and territorial integrity of the country.
The territory of the People's Republic of Hungary is inalienable and its borders are inviolable.
Article II
The defence of the Homeland and of the victories of socialism is ensured by the armed people, organized in the Armed Forces, which comprise the People's Army, the forces of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the People's Voluntary self-defence forces.
The People's Army, as the main force for the defence of the Homeland, is the army of the people and serves the people.
The Armed Forces are led by the Hungarian Workers' Party.
Article III
The Defence Council is created to direct, organize and mobilize all the forces and resources of the country in defence of the Homeland.
The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Workers' Party is the Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces and Chairman of the Defence Council.
The composition of the Defence Council is defined by the Presidium of the People's Assembly on the proposal of the Chairman of the Defence Council;
Article IV
No one has the right to sign or accept, in the name of the People's Republic of Hungary, the capitulation or occupation of the country. Any such act is condemned as treason to the country.
Article V
The establishment of foreign military bases and the stationing of foreign troops in the territory of the People's Republic of Hungary is prohibited.
Chapter IV- The Local Organs of State Power and State Administration
Article I
The people's councils are organs of the state power, which carry out the governing of the country in the respective territorial administrative units, with the broad participation of the working masses.
The people's councils direct all social life in the political, economic, social-cultural fields, the defence of the country and the protection of the socialist juridical order, reconciling the local interests with the general state interests.
The people's councils are elected for a term of three years.
Article II
The people's council adopts the local plan and budget; from its members it elects the executive committee and the commissions of the council and discharges them; it appoints and discharges the chiefs of the sections of the executive committee; it directs and controls the activity of the people's councils at lower levels. It issues ordinances and decisions within its competences.
Article III
The meetings of the people's council open when the majority of its members is present.
The decisions of the people's council are taken on the majority of votes of its members present.
Article IV
A higher people's council may dissolve a lower level people's council, appoints the provisional executive committee and decides on the elections for a new people's council.
A higher people's council may dismiss the executive committee of a lower level people's council and order a new election.
The people's council abrogates the unlawful or irregular acts of its executive committee, of the lower level people's council and the respective executive committee.
Article V
It is the duty of the members of the people's council to serve the people conscientiously and loyally, to maintain close ties with the electors and render account to them. They have the right to control the state organs, enterprises, institutions and agricultural cooperatives and demand from them the precise implementation of the socialist law.
The respective state organs are obliged to examine the remarks of the members of the people's councils and take the necessary measures.
The members of the people's councils enjoy immunity within the territorial unit under the administration of the people's council. They cannot be detained, arrested or subjected to penal prosecution without the consent of the people's council or the executive committee, except in cases when a grave crime has obviously been committed.
Article VI
The executive committee is the executive and administrative organ of the people's council.
The executive committee continues its activity even after the expiration of the mandate of the people's council which has elected it, until the first meeting of the new people's council.
Article VII
Between sessions of the people's council, the executive committee exercises the rights and duties of the people's council, with the exception of those which, by law, come within the competence of the people's council alone.
The executive committee renders account to the people's council about its activity, presents its more important decisions for approval, and reports on the implementation of decisions of the people's council.
Article VIII
The executive committee of the people's council is dependent on the people's council which has elected it and the next higher administrative executive organ.
The executive committee of a higher people's council abrogates the unlawful and irregular acts of a lower level executive committee and suspends those of the lower level people's council, presenting the question of their abrogation to the competent people's council.
Article IX
The specialized organs created under the executive committees are dependent on the people's council, its executive committee, and the higher organs of the state administration, render account to them and to the masses of working people.
Part Three
Chapter I- The Capital City
The Capital of the People's Republic of Hungary is Budapest.
Chapter II- Final Dispositions
Article I
The Constitution is the fundamental law of the state.
All activity for the creation of juridical norms is conducted on the basis of the Constitution and in complete conformity with it.
Article II
Proposals for amendments to the Constitution can be presented by the Presidium of the People's Assembly, the Council of Ministers, or by two-fifths of the deputies.
Approval of, or amendments to, the Constitution are done by the People's Assembly by a majority of two-thirds of all the deputies.
Article III
This Constitution comes into force immediately.