AAR #5
ITALIA
LINKS FOR PICTURES ADDED ON FEBRUARY 7th
NORTH AMERICAN MP GAME
http://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/showthread.php?573357-North-America-Series-FTM/page1
During the period of January 1st to March 23rd, 1941, the Mediterranean theatre saw its share of events. First of all, Operation Zanzibar was completed in line with the timeline forecasted with the Mar Rosso Campaign. Then the Greece Campaign was completed – giving the Roman Empire total control over the Albanian border and the Northern part of The Peloponnese – and the Italian High Command successfully oversaw the conquest of Switzerland. There were also some internal dissensions in the Fascist Government, which were dealt with swiftly by Il Duce Benito Mussolini himself.
At the same time, in the rest of the world, Germany kept on rolling over whoever would dare stand in its way: Romania and Turkey being the latest liberated countries. Japan declared war on the UK, trying to manage a distant campaign in Persia and Irak, with some hazards (some would say, judging by the difficulties encountered: “trying to manage a campaign the Italian way”), and The United States of America entered the war a few weeks later, declaring war on the Axis countries as a whole, trying to establish themselves as some kind of “Saviour of the Free World”.
The World in March 1941
https://skydrive.live.com/?cid=E6AF...#cid=E6AF355183388B4A&id=E6AF355183388B4A!119
(1) Click on the link to see picture.
OPERATION “LINGOTTO D’ORO”
Il Popolo d’Italia
Winter 1941
“
God does not exist. You want some proof ? Here it comes: God, if you exist, you have five minutes to strike me. I insult you. I offend you.”, after a short pause, Mussolini added: “
God does not exist, you see?”. Mussolini in 1903, while he was exiled in Switzerland.
A 19 days Campaign
[IMAGES REMOVED TO GAIN SOME SPACE FOR NEW AAR]
(1) Click on the picture to enlarge it.
(2) Pictures edited to mask some valuable information.
On December 8th, 1940, taking advantage of the recent success encountered by the Italian army in Yugoslavia – and of the euphoric state of mind of the Italian High Command at the time – Marshall Balbo, Commando Superiore of all Italians troops, tabled a new plan for the expansion of the Roman Empire. This plan, who would be later known as Operation “Lingotto d’Oro”, was a detailed proposal to invade and annex Switzerland. Supported by Guido Buffarini-Guidi, minister of Interior, who stated that the numerous Italian speaking natives would allow for an easy integration of these lands into the Roman Empire and thus facilitate the subsequent occupation, Marshall Balbo convinced our Beloved Leader, Il Duce, of the feasibility of this plan. By tabling this plan now, Marshall Balbo was also trying to take advantage of the fact that the pressure on Italy was low, as British troops occupied in Iraq, battling the Japanese aggression coming from Persia, would not be available to counter any actions by Italia.
Foreseeing the vast advantages of such a plan for the Italian economy, our Leader agreed to the plan in the following days. There was one condition our Beloved leader Mussolini attached to his decision: The plan was not to be implemented before the USA declared war on the Axis, as to not awake the Giant (thankfully, USA DoW Axis in the following months, releasing the condition as per se). To manage our tense relations with the 3rd Reich, Gian Galeazzo Ciano, minister of Foreign Affairs, sent a note to his homolog a few weeks before the implementation of the invasion.
On march 4th, Armata VI, led by the newly promoted Army General Messe (to honor his valor and the quality of his service to Italy and the Fascist Government), cross the frontier and began what was intended as a quick invasion. The operation, under Italian standards, could be seen as huge: 110 000 men, 10 mountain divisions and 1 armoured corps, supported by more than 1 000 planes, were unleashed on Switzerland. While the mountain divisions were to cut their way toward Berne and Zurich, the armoured corps was ordered to encircle the Swiss troops by doing an East and West wings movement, to prevent the Swiss troops from invading Southern France and Germany (as a preventive measure according to the plan, no urgency being foreseen there when the plan was elaborated).
The Swiss army was completely surprised by the attack (“no mobilisation”) which began at 6h00 AM. The first lines of defence were quickly overrun as Italian troops penetrated deeply in the Swiss territory. By March 6th, the Western section of the fortress wall had already fallen to the Italian troops, and then the Center followed a few days later (March 8th). Air superiority was quickly gained, as the Swiss Air Squadron fled to… Besançon. Besançon, the French city, taken by the Swiss Army who took advantage of one flaw of the plan… a disturbing one, we must confess.
Let us explain.
On day 3, it was obvious that the whole Operation would not unfold as planned, as the Swiss government joined the Allies the day after Italy declared a limited war on it. While the Italian High Command was still debating the value of sending new troops North to contend the Swiss invasion of Southern France and Germany, Army General Messe ordered the 1a Divisione Blindate Eugenio di Savoia to increase the pace of its encircling movement to effectively counter the Swiss Army action. His thinking was that fast troops could stop the Swiss Army’s progression and limit the damages, not to say, it would allow Germany to retake its territories before the surrendering of Switzerland. In Roma, the High Command kept on debating for the next 5 days… trying to balance the risk of a surprise attack on Roma by the Allies versus a favourable answer to Hitler’s wish that at least, Italy prevents an invasion of German soils (as answering Hitler’s demand would mean sending the reserves near Roma into Switzerland to manage a full counter-attack against the Swiss). By the time they could reach an agreement, Switzerland surrendered. It was march 23rd, 1941, on the calendar. The campaign lasted 19 days.
Messe’s emergency plan of action almost worked out as hoped… Well, almost… with some German assistance as a German panzer division repelled the Swiss, while the 1a Divisione Blindate prevented some new Swiss units from adventuring themselves into German territory. But damages were important and, as the Swiss government quickly surrendered, all the newly acquired territories moved from the Swiss hands to the… Italian ones (!).
With the annexation of Switzerland, and the extra territories gained by the act of obscure diplomacy, Operation “Lingotto d’Oro” was a major success and brought to Italy more than it thought it would get.
NDLR: The Limited War DoW was intended to avoid any Swiss manoeuvre in Southern France or Germany. Convinced that the trick would work, we did not provide enough troops North of Switzerland to prevent any aggressive action by the Swiss Army. What was not our surprise when we discovered that Swiss DoW Germany and started to take some French provinces out of the German hands… one province, then 2, then… and this was piling up. Troops were dispatched but the error made would take time to be corrected, and time was lacking to allow Germany to fully recover its territories as the Italian troops were making swift progress in Swiss territories at the same time.
To say that Germany was upset by the mess is rather an euphemism… but the results of the whole campaign were even worse for Germany… as the Swiss newly occupied territories all switch to Italian hands once Switzerland surrendered. This result was unexpected. Hopefully, since Germany is occupying the whole ex-USSR, these losses won’t have much an impact on its balance sheets. The good side is that Italy gained unexpected metals, rare and energy… plus some IC, leadership and manpower, as Besançon and some provinces (among which Colmar) fell back to Italian hands instead of German ones. Of course, we could have stopped our troops in Swiss, to allow Germany to fully recover its territories first but a bad understanding of Adolf’s wishes (we thought they wanted us to be quicker, not slower) refrained us from stopping the invasion. To our defence, we must say that channels of communication were not good at the time, as numerous exchanges were also taking place between the two German Coop Players and, as the Italian player (myself) was less attentive to all the lines poping up on the screen, we missed the lines saying “Slow down Duce, slow down, don’t take the VP provinces too fast, let us get back our provinces first”. Thus, the result…
OPERATION “ANNUNZIO”: SPARTA
Il Popolo d’Italia
Winter 1941
“
Italy made its choices. We prefer to be feared and we don’t care about the hatred we cause. (…) Nobody stopped us. Nobody will stop us”, Mussolini, September 1938.
This was a one week campaign, as the German-Italians forces pressed hard on the Greek Army, whose front collapsed quickly. As a result, German Panzer divisions reached Athina in less then 5 days. The Italian Divisions Messina, Aosta, Cosseria and Pavia, supported by the Gruppo I di Bombardieri d’Assalto (Drago y Centauro squadriglias) participated to the conquest, by cleaning up the areas around Ioannina fortress. When Greece surrendered, both Kerkyra (the province along the border of Albania, mostly populated by Italians) and Northern Peloponnese were ceded to Italia. With that conquest, Roman Empire reunified with the past. To glorify this moment, the “Corpo Armata AOI” was renamed “Corpo Armata AOI (Sparta)”, as the mythic city is now part of the Roman Empire.
OPERATION “ZANZIBAR”: MAR ROSSO CAMPAIGN
Il Popolo d’Italia
Winter 1941
“
Raise high, Legionnaires, your emblems, your weapons and your hearts, to salute, after 15 centuries, the reappearance of the Empire on the sacred hills of Roma ”, Benito Mussolini’s address to the Italian people at the Piazza Venezia in 1936, after the conquest of Ethiopia.
Africa Orientale Italiana (A.O.I)
https://skydrive.live.com/?cid=E6AF...#cid=E6AF355183388B4A&id=E6AF355183388B4A!120
(1) Click on the link to see picture.
High Command welcomed the news of the liberation of Sudan by the 151 Divisioni Peruga, and the 153 Divisioni Palerma in February 1941. This victory followed the complete destruction of the Free French army during the Mar Rosso Campaign (part of the whole Zanzibar Operation, e.g. the previous Step 2 Phase, excluding the Yemen conquest part – see AAR3 for full details). In our last report, following the fall of Djibouti, the Free French army fled North, supported by a British Mountain division. Combats were reported along the coast of the Red Sea throughout the winter, as Italian troops made constant progress toward the port of Sudan which fell to the Italian hands in late February 1941. Few weeks later, the Free French Army surrendered, after 3 days of combat.
NDLR: Finally, the Ethiopians did a nice work of conquering the remaining British territories, plus seizing Sudan’s capital. The Mare Rosso Campaign was a clear success. One sad note: The British were able to retrieve their mountain unit in time (we guess so because there were no traces of it during the last combat, so it must have left before the port of Sudan was taken). One reason the campaign was a success is that we fully integrated in our plans the fact that low infrastructure prevails in Southern Africa (ex.: relying on air supply to implement some part of the plan, using cheap, yet fast troops to cross mountains, etc.).