Has this always happened ever since you've had the game? Or only since what change or update?
Does this affect EU4 or CK2 also?
If you save and exit the game, then start it up again and load that same save, does it start again immediately? Or do you need to wait 60-80 years in the game again?
DXDIAG is a program you run from a command prompt or the Windows start menu 'run' dialog box (or 'search programs' in Windows 7 or later). After running it will open a window and start collecting info with a progress bar in the lower-left corner. When it completes click the 'save all information' button and save it to a file then attach that file here.
Please attach your Documents/Paradox/Stellaris/settings.txt and pdx_settings.txt .
From your Documents/Paradox/Stellaris/logs/ folder, attach system.log .
Please report the temperatures of your CPU and video (GPU)
1/ before starting the game up and
2/ after say 30 minutes' play.
If your PC's vendor has given you no way of reading temperatures, install
SPEEDFAN
http://www.almico.com/sfdownload.php