Chapter 4 1859-1863: War of the Mediterranean
After a few days of deliberation, The Venetian Council sent out the Royal Navy to scan the Spanish and Ottoman coasts to find their navy's and estimate their sizes, It was imperative that the Venetian Navy be active at all times in a war with the Ottoman Empire to prevent the Ottoman's superior numbers from reaching the Venetian holdings.
December 22th 1859 The Royal Navy's scouting reports came into the Venetian Councils possession and after looking them over. The Spanish fleet consisted of 13 frigates and a transport while the Ottoman Fleet consisted of 5 frigates, 1 Man o war and 3 transports. The Spanish Fleet was spotted in Santander, and the Ottoman Fleet was spotted in Istanbul. The head of the Venetian Navy called for the construction of two more Man O wars to add to the royal navy. Despite the Spanish Fleets numbers, it lacks the Capital Ships that the Venetian Navy enjoys, and as for the Ottoman Navy, we have one more Man o War then they do.
Later that month, reports that the Papal States economy and culture was almost completely dominated by Venice, and on December 28th Venice and the Papal States signed a military alliance, this gave the Council the confidence that war with the Ottoman's would be winnable, the Council ordered the Venetian generals to make preparations for war.
January 10th 1860, The Venetian Council met to discuss a latest development, the Austrians had resigned their alliance with the Ottomans, it was unknown why it was broken in the first place but it threatened to delay the war. It would only be a few days before the transport fleets would leave from Venice with the First and Second armies. The Royal navy had already been sent out to Corinth, to await orders to sail to Istanbul and engage the Ottoman Navy when war was declared.
After much deliberation, the Venetian Council took a risk and ordered the Invasion Fleets to be sent to the Libyan coast and the Royal Navy to Istanbul. And on February 16th 1860 Venice Declared war on the Ottoman Empire demanding the Libyan Coast.
February 17th was a day where the entire Venetian Council were basically holding their breath. The Council was waiting reports from Spain and Austria, it was the first day of the war that was the most intense. should Spain or Austria honor their alliance, it could mean the end of the Venetian Empire. And late that night, It was discovered that the Ottoman Empire was betrayed by both nations. The symbolic war of the Mediterranean had begun
Interestingly, although the Austrians had broken their alliance with the Ottomans, and the Venetians had not called them to war the Austrians canceled their alliance with Venice.
The Invasion of Libyan begun on March 9th. With Venetian and Papal Soldiers landing along Libyan and Tripoli meeting absolutely no resistance.
March 9th 1960: Invasion of the Libyan Coast
On the same day the Venetian Royal Fleet engaged the Ottoman Fleet in the Sea of Marmara.
The Battle for the Sea of Marmara
The two admirals would skirmish with each other for over a month, the outgunned Ottoman Fleet maneuvered to avoid losing their fleet, however the Venetian Fleet was too much for them and on April 22nd, the Ottoman Navy sailed back to port in disarray avoiding complete destruction.
The aftermath of the Battle
Although the Royal Fleet lost no ships in the battle, a few of the ships were badly damaged and the Admiral ordered the damaged ships to sail to Crete for repairs while the main fleet remained blockading Istanbul. It was imperative that the Sea of Marmara remained in Venetian control to prevent the remainder of the Ottoman Fleet from meeting any other Ottoman transports fleets.
A few months would pass uneventfully, the occupation of the Libyan Coast and Tripoli continued and the damaged half of the Royal Navy being repaired, a small Papal Fleet intercepted and engages a small Ottoman transport fleet right outside of Crete. The acting admiral of the damaged Royal Fleet probably seeking personal glory sailed out of Crete with his small fleet and helped the two Papal Frigates sink the Ottoman ships.
July 28th: Luigi engages the Ottoman transports
The war seemed to be in a lull, the Venetian Armies had had no engagements, the occupation of Libyan was almost complete and the Royal Navy had simply been holding position. The Venetian Council was confused, truly the Great Ottoman Empire could put up a better fight then this. The Council ordered the Transport Fleets to sail around the coasts of the Ottomans to see what their armies were doing.
On November 14th the Scouting reports came in, the Venetian Council was caught completely off guard.
The powerful Ottoman economy was entirely re-geared and focused on building a massive navy, each port on the Ottoman Coast had produced a Frigate and if they were given the chance to regroup and organize they would be more then enough to destroy the Royal Navy.
The Venetian Council decided that Venice needed to step up its effort and end the war as fast as possible. The First and Third Armies, who had just finished occupying the Libyan coast were sent to the Ottoman coast. The Third Army was sent to occupy the Island of Cyprus and the First army to occupy some islands off the coast of Anatolia.
December 29th 1860: the Invasion of the Dodecanese
The Venetian Council also ordered the construction of another fleet, this one a little larger then the current Royal Fleet.
Half a year would pass as the Venetian Troops marched unopposed through the Ottoman isles, The Ottoman ships in port would be too afraid to leave and take on the Venetian Fleet. The Venetian Council became complacent, the Ottoman Empire had launched no attacks and its only fleet and transports were sunk.
However its complacency would prove to be a great mistake. In june of 1861 An Ottoman army marched across Austria with a treaty that gave them military access to their land, and in July the Ottoman Army had marched across the Austrian-Venetian border overwhelming the outnumbered garrison.
Farmers were quickly mobilized in Venice and the Venetian Council ordered reinforcements back to Venice quickly. The unorganized defenders gathered in the City of Venice, and fought the Ottoman invaders.
The Venetian Front
Battle of Venice August 7th
The Defenders were overwhelmed and the Ottomans took the City. The Venetian Council was relocated to Gorizia, however, the Ottomans marched straight through the city, ignoring Venice and marching into the Papal States! The Ottoman Army encountered no resistance as it marched straight to Rome. As soon as the Ottoman Troops walked into Rome the Papal states signed a white peace, leaving Venice to fight alone against the Ottomans.
This Ottoman victory in Venice would be short lived however, Transports holding the Dumyat Garrison and the Sardinia Garrison arrived in Venice and the two generals organized a counter attack, engaging the Ottoman Army in Udine
Aftermath of the Battle of Udine
On the Ottoman Front, the Third army had just finished occupying the Isle of Cyprus,
Only a few days later the Ottomans Venetian campaign would be brought to a end, the small Ottoman Army that took Padua was crushed and the Venetian Armies engaged the survivors of the main Ottoman Army in Treviso, winning the battle easily.
The Ottoman Army would attempt to retreat across Austria. The Venetian Council was furious at the Austrians, accusing them to be assisting the Ottoman Empire and costing the lives of Venetian Troops. The Council sent a message to Austria demanding military access so the Venetian Army could cut off the Ottoman Army survivors. The Austrians agreed, and in March 1862 the Venetian Armies out-maneuvered the Ottoman Army and engaged them in Salzburg
March 12 1862: Battle of Salzbug
The Venetian Council decided the war had gone on long enough and needed to make a bolder move. An invasion of the Ottoman mainland may be the only way to end the war in the Venetians favor. The main question of the war was, if the Ottomans had military access with Austria, then where was their main army? The Venetian Council theorized that their main army was stuck unable to reach Europe due to the Venetian blockade.
Putting their theory to the test, an invasion was called, an invasion of Istanbul. 18 thousand Troops were gathered and together they invaded the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
November 20th 1862: Venetian Troops land in Istanbul
On January 1st 1863 A message was given to the Venetian Council from the Ottoman Empire detailing their surrender of the Libyan Coast to the Great Venetian Empire.
The War of the Mediterranean was over and Venice was the victor. The Venetian Navy was the linchpin of the Venetian war effort over doubling in size during the war.
The Royal Venetian Navy
Empire of Venice, January 18th 1863
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Glad to get that done, Twas an interesting war, sorry for making it so image heavy i considered splitting this into two chapters but i didn't think it would be worth it so i just decided to make it a long chapter