As far as I know, this is/was the bug that was fixed.Maybe there used to be a bug where you could westernize if a western nation had one of your cores even if you otherwise wouldn't be able to westernize? Otherwise this seems like an illogical nerf.
There is no BLOCK (again, afaik) on westernising just because a westerner owns one of your cores. What was blocked is that you can no longer westernise because you happen to have a core on land now owned by a westerner.
Admittedly, the phrasing on the fix could be better.
ie.
You used to be able to westernise if any one of the following conditions was true;
- you owned a core province of a western nation (and had it cored)
- you bordered a core province of a western nation (and your province was cored), and the province was not part of a trade company.
- a western nation owned (and had cored) one of your core provinces.
The third one was not intended, and has been removed.
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