I noticed this too yesterday, where France and Poland was always in debt despite being at peace. I even paid off France's debt by gifting them 2600 ducats so they could join a war, but a month or two later they were back at 1000 ducat debt. What's weird is that they were not losing money, so I have no idea why they keep taking loans. I suspect they might be hardwired to do that if get a little too close to 0 money.Since the release of 1.33, I always see that NPCs are building up unnecessarily large armies and too many forts. This is why most of them end up economically broken sooner or later. In my lastest play as Ottomans, Russia hated Poland to its guts but refused to join my wars against Poland. Because, it had several thousands of debt. Even if NPCs have a large manpower pool/recovery rate, they just keep raising armies or hiring mercenaries. Even if I play Ottomans (who have good recovery rate), my manpower pool gets drained after 2-3 years of war.
I have also been frequently observing the doomstacking in sieges, similarly mentioned in previous messages. Even if ~30k army is needed for the siege, NPCs just send ~100k troops to forts. Isn't this situation an overkill?
For example, I've noticed that almost all countries immediately debase their currency for corruption if they have little to no money, even just for a month, despite the fact that they might be earning 200+ ducats every month.