VAULT - Royal Court of Egypt (Mamelukes)

[unmerged(31994)]

The Royal Court of the Abbasid Caliphate

The Royal Abbasid

Caliphate of Egypt​

Court of the house of Bani Abbas​

Welcome to Cairo, Center of the Caliphate, Jewel of the east, and Daughter of the Nile and Residence of the Abbasid Dynasty, rulers of mighty Egypt​

Nation: Egypt
Head of State: Calipah Hakim bin Kamal
Player: Calipah
Religion: Sunni , followers of the Hanafi school
Culture: Islamic "Arabic"
Stats: 4/2/3(5)/3/4 --> [4/2/5/3/4]
Provinces: 13
Ports: 5
Owned: Egypt, Syria‡ , Cyrenaica, Quattara, Alexandria‡, Cataract, Nile, Sinai, Jordan, Arabia, Delta, Judea‡, Cyprus, Aleppo​

Caliph is now in: Cairo, Crescent Palace
Main Army regiment: 10000 Royal Guard in Cairo is not mobilized
Secondary regiment: 30000 Veteran Army in Alexandria is not mobilized
Fortification of Benghazi and Alepponian forts, are manned
Jerusalem, Alexandria, Cairo, Amman, and Aleppo double walls are manned
Other smaller forts: manned
Government is functioning perfectly.​

Crescent Palace​

Home of the Abbasid Calipah, Center of power and order in Egypt​

Abbasid Crescent Palace, Frontal view, resembels the Alhambra​

The beautiful Andalusi style palace was built by Hakim bin Kamal when his valiant soldiers conquered Egypt. The Fort-castle is manned with 8 magnificent mozzarabisc towers and surrounded with beautiful gardens and orchads.The Palace contains a bimyarstan, a university for Latin works and a military academy for gifted soldiers.
The caliph's family and prime minister reside their.
The Palace is called the crescent or Hilal palace for the elaborate inscriptions which resemble the writings of the "Hilals of Baghdad", the great Calligraphers.
The Palace stands as an edifice to the newly resuscitated Abbasid Empire.

A cleric greets you at the gates of Harun Ar-Rashid, main entry into the Crescent palace, centered in Cairo."Assalam Alekum WA Rahmatullah WA Barakatuh! Welcome! Welcome! We have been expecting you! Come in, we have made preparations for your visit! My name is Abdul Manaf, first cleric of Cairo, at your service; it is my job to tell you about the Abbasids and their empire."

You follow the cleric into the palace, the paintings and Persian rugs radiate the Wealth of Egypt, and the columns and Paintings add to the aroma of power in the place. Bureaucrats and officials filled the halls, as citizens waited for their orders to be met. The cleric began once Again "There are some people you might meet in the court; it would be scandalous if you didn’t know who they are" he giggled

At the end of the hall was a throne bejeweled with Seraphim and Sapphire gems, and sitting on it was the Calipah himself "Were lucky today my friend, the Calipah is normally out appointing Qadis and governors, or reinforcing the walls of Alexandria and Thermopolis, but today he is here. Let me tell you a bit about him…."

Calipah Hakim, posing for a Frankish protrait​

"He is the Calipah Hakim bin Kamal Al-Abbasi, Head of State, and custodian of the three mosques, supreme ruler of Egypt and also the head of the Abbasid dynasty. After his father's death, and the fall of the Mamelukes, he decided to compromise Baghdad for a larger tract of land, for the better good of everyone. He has left an appointed governor in Baghdad and moved his residence to Cairo, the nobles and generals supported him as there was a lack of order in the realm before he arrived. And thus Abbasid rule once again reigns on Egypt. The Calipah has been a good ruler so far, and his edicts and laws only bring more prosperity to Egypt, may Allah bless him."

Beside the Calipah, was a beautiful creature, blue eyed, with wonderfully Coal Black hair. Her body was cloaked with wonderful Persian silks weaved by the very best tailors.

Her ladyship, Zomoroda​

The cleric smirks, noticing that you were starring at her "If you don’t drop your gaze, the guards will throw you out! Now listen, stay clear of Zomoroda, unless you want trouble with the Calipah! She is Greek, from the house of Demopolis, or Bani Gemnack as we call them; she was wedded to the Calipah several years ago, though her name was never mentioned until now. She is a lady of morals and values and faithful to her beloved Calipah. She is still orthodox, but she will eventually convert to Islam, may Allah bless her. For now, she helps the Patriarchs of Judea and Alexandria to re-establish their power in the area. The church so it seems has fallen into disorder when the Mamelukes reigned on Egypt"

On your left, several figures were seated on the Jimah cushions; each of them followed a different dress code. Surrounding them were priests, imams and sheiks all trying to reach the religious figures.

Mural depecting Pope Farris Sedona, sided with the Angel Izmer​

"On the far left, is Pope Farris Sedona III of the Coptic Church in Egypt, he has considerable influence in Cataract, but his followers dwindle, it seems that the church is very corrupt, Lady Zomoroda lends him a hand in reforming the church."

Pt, Johan left, Pt, Antonio Fergus right​

"Next to him is patriarch Johan Demetrius of Jerusalem and Patriarch Antonio Fergus of Alexandria, both are the spiritual leaders of the orthodox faith in the Caliphate. However, it seems that there is a lot of talk in retrieving Damascus, so we will have three Patriarchs soon, but you didn’t hear that from me"

Alim Yazid Ibn Murad, in a posing stance​

"Next to them is Alim Yazid ibn Murad, student of the late sheik Ahmed ibn Abdul Wahhab, founder of the numerous Wahhabi schools in the kingdom. He acts as the Grand Mufti and supreme representative of the faith in Egypt. He also represents the Caliphate in the elections."

You ask the cleric if the Calipah has any family or kids "The Calipah has two wonderful boys, lady Zomorda has given birth to the twin, and they are loved greatly, they go by the names of Jamal *beautiful* and Jawharah *Gem*. The Caliph refuses to marry any other wife.
As for family, well the Abbasids have just begun to expand once again; the Royal Family has dwindled greatly when the Mongols slaughtered them some 200 years ago but they are marrying once again and their numbers grow. Anyway it doesn't matter, the Abbasid council, after the death of the Calipah will choose a suitable heir for the empire"

You notice the court quickly flooding with citizens, and the cleric takes note of your annoyance, he takes you to the Royal library.
You enter an enormous room, filled with a Copernicus of knowledge. Books and scrolls are scattered everywhere, as poets and thinkers aimlessly roam the library.
A plaque which reads "The Hall of Wisdom" is hanged on top of the giant Globe in the center of the room.
"This is the Caliphates library; it is here where we copy administrative papers and books for the empire. Also the Calipah sponsors gifted citizens here…."
He points at a man drowned in thinking; he looked like a magribi Berber "That is Ibn Sedan, a famous political writer, he wrote the Moravian, a wonderful piece. He has written several books on history and humanity, you should read some."

Ali Al-Mahdi, military forray​

Abdul Manaf points at another man; this one however, wears a military uniform "This man is the general of the Grand forces of the Abbasid Empire! He is none other than Ali Al-Mahdi! You must show respect to this great man! He has crushed the rebels and built several mosques throughout the realm! His humility is unsurpassed and continues to draw his military tactics from the history of Alexander the Great and the Mongols; he is truly a man among men…."

An old man, wearing a fabulous robe, of a red and Roby mixture, enters the library, followed by several officials, shouting "Where are those Damned scrolls? How are we to administrate Egypt when I am surrounded by idiots?" The cleric smiles.

Minister of the Abbasid Caliphate​

"That my friend, is one of the most important figures in the empire….he is Ahmed El-Mutwakil, the prime minister of the Caliphate and decision maker of the Abbasid Empire. He also receives diplomats and other officials. He is basically the second man in charge after the Caliph. He is also Qadi El-Qudat"

Abdul Manaf then remembered "Oh yes the most important house in Egypt are the Iskandernians, and Bilges. Stay away from them if you value your life."

The Cleric looks at you "Now you know a bit about the people here, I leave you now, as I have important duties to attend to, check out the scrolls about the history of the Abbasids , nice meeting you!"

You check out the library and ask the librarian for some scrolls and books on Abbasid History, he presents you with "Tarik bani Abbas ela misrah!"
You seclude yourself in the library and begin to read….

 

[unmerged(31994)]

The old parchement of History
History of Abbasid Egypt (Written by Sheik Yazid ibn Murad, year 838 AH)

Abbasid Dynasty:
In the Middle East, during these centuries, the 'Abbasids, after their victory over the Umayyads, had transformed the Umayyads' Arab empire into a multinational Muslim empire. They moved the capital of the empire from Syria to Iraq, where they built a new capital, Baghdad, from which, during the next five centuries, they would influence many of the main events of Islamic history.

In the early period of 'Abbasid rule, al-Mansur, the second caliph of the dynasty, continued the reorganization of the administration of the empire along the lines that had been laid down by his Umayyad predecessor, 'Abd al-Malik. Much of the 'Abbasid administration, for example, was left in the hands of well-educated Persian civil servants, many of whom came from families that had traditionally served the Sassanid kings. The important office of wazir or vizier, chief counselor, may well have developed from Sassanid models. The vizier was much more than an advisor; indeed, when the caliph was weak, a capable vizier became the most powerful man in the empire.

The creation of the office of the vizier was only one of the innovations the 'Abbasids brought to statecraft. Another was the development of the Umayyad postal system into an efficient intelligence service; postmasters in outlying provinces were the eyes and ears of the government and regular reports were filed with the central government on everything from the state of the harvest to the doings of dissident sects. Under the 'Abbasids too a whole literature was created for the use and training of the clerical classes that had come into being. Since all government business was by now transacted in Arabic, manuals of correct usage were written for the instruction of non-Arabic speakers who had found government employment. There was also a vast literature on the correct deportment of princes, as well as anthologies of witty sayings and anecdotes with which to enliven one's epistolary style.

In some ways the 'Abbasids were more fortunate than the Umayyads. When, for example, al-Mansur died in 775 after a reign of twenty years, his son, al-Mahdi, inherited a full treasury and an empire that was more devoted to trade than war.

The developments in trade, indeed, are among the achievements of the 'Abbasids that are too often overlooked. Because Islamic rule unified much of the Eastern world, thus abolishing many boundaries, trade was freer, safer, and more extensive than it had been since the time of Alexander the Great. Muslim traders, consequently, established trading posts as far away as India, the Philippines, Malaya, the East Indies, and China.

From the eighth to the eleventh centuries this trade was largely concerned with finding and importing basic necessities- grain, metals, and wood. To obtain them, of course, the Muslims had to export too, often using the imports from one region as exports to another: pearls from the Gulf, livestock from the Arabian Peninsula (particularly Arabian horses and camels), and - one of the chief products - cloth. The Muslims also traded medicines, an offshoot of 'Abbasid advances in medical science, as well as paper and sugar.

This expansion of commercial activity led to other developments too. One was a system of banking and exchange so sophisticated that a letter of credit issued in Baghdad could be honored in Samarkand in Central Asia or Kairouan in North Africa. The demands on trade also generated development of crafts. From Baghdad's large urban population, for example, came craftsmen of every conceivable sort: metalworkers, leatherworkers, bookbinders, papermakers, jewelers, weavers, druggists, bakers, and many more. As they grew in importance to the economy these craftsmen eventually organized themselves into mutual-benefit societies which in some ways were similar to later Western guilds and which offered many social services: lodging travelers, engaging in pious works such as caring for orphans, and endowing schools. Because of this growth in commerce the 'Abbasids also developed a system by which a muhtasib, an inspector made sure that proper weights and measures were given and that dishonest practices of all sorts were avoided.

Egyptian History:
The Arab Conquest

Perhaps the most important event to occur in Egypt since the unification of the Two Lands by King Menes was the Arab conquest of Egypt. The conquest of the country 639, by the armies of Islam under the command of the Muslim hero, Amr ibn al As, transformed Egypt from a predominantly Christian country to a Muslim country in which the Arabic language and culture were adopted even by those who clung to their Christian or Jewish faiths.
The conquest of Egypt was part of the Arab/Islamic expansion that began when the Prophet Muhammad died and Arab tribes began to move out of the Arabian Peninsula into Iraq and Syria.

Muslim conquerors habitually gave the people they defeated three alternatives: converting to Islam, retaining their religion with freedom of worship in return for the payment of the poll tax, or war. In surrendering to the Arab armies, the Byzantines agreed to the second option. The Arab conquerors treated the Egyptian Copts well. During the battle for Egypt, the Copts had either remained neutral or had actively supported the Arabs. After the surrender, the Coptic patriarch was reinstated, exiled bishops were called home, and churches that had been forcibly turned over to the Byzantines were returned to the Copts. Amr allowed Copts who held office to retain their positions and appointed Copts to other offices.

For two centuries after the conquest, Egypt was a province ruled by a line of governors appointed by the caliphs in the east. Egypt provided abundant grain and tax revenue. In time most of the people accepted the Muslim faith, and the Arabic language became the language of government, culture, and commerce. The Arabization of the country was aided by the continued settlement of Arab tribes in Egypt.

The Tulinids and the Ikhshidids

A new era began in Egypt with the arrival in Al Fustat in 868 of Ahmad ibn Tulun as governor. Ahmad ibn Tulun inaugurated the autonomy of Egypt and, with the succession of his son, Khumarawayh, to power, established the principle of locally based hereditary rule. Autonomy greatly benefited Egypt because the local dynasty halted or reduced the drain of revenue from the country to Baghdad. The Tulinid state ended in 905 when imperial troops entered Al Fustat. For the next thirty years, Egypt was again under the direct control of the central government in Baghdad.

The next autonomous dynasty in Egypt, the Ikhshidid, was founded by Muhammad ibn Tughj, who arrived as governor in 935. The dynasty's name comes from the title of Ikhshid given to Tughj by the caliph. This dynasty ruled Egypt until the Fatimid conquest of 969.

Both the Tulinids and the Ikhshidids brought Egypt peace and prosperity by pursuing wise agrarian policies that increased yields, by eliminating tax abuses, and by reforming the administration. Neither the Tulinids nor the Ikhshidids sought to withdraw Egypt from the Islamic empire headed by the caliph in Baghdad. Ahmad ibn Tulun and his successors were orthodox Sunni Muslims, loyal to the principle of Islamic unity. Their purpose was to carve out an autonomous and hereditary principality under loose caliphal authority.

The Fatimids

The Fatimids were an Islamic dynasty that reigned in North Africa and later in Egypt from 969 until 1171. The Fatimid Caliphate was the political pinnacle of the Ismailis, a group of Shiites who expected the appearance of a messiah descended from the marriage of Ali, the fourth caliph, and Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad.

Their new capital founded in Egypt, al-Qâhirah, "the Victorious," becomes the capital of Egypt, Cairo. While Fatimid control soon extended into the Levant and to the Holy Cities of the Hijaz, this proved to be the Fatimid high water mark. In the Fatimid decline, North Africa broke away, the Crusaders arrived in the Levant, and the Fatimid succession itself passed to a collateral line that lost the numinous status of Shi'ite Imâm. The last Fatimid Caliph, a sickly child, was allowed to die a natural death by the occupier of Egypt, Saladin before the regime was deposed.

The Ayyubids

The Ayyubids were members of the Islamic dynasty founded (1171) by Saladin, which ruled Egypt, Muslim Syria-Palestine, Upper Mesopotamia, and Yemen. During the Ayyubid period, Egypt became the main base of Muslim military strength in the Middle East; subsequently, the Ayyubids were able to reduce the Crusader states substantially. The dynasty also promoted a strongly orthodox religious and educational policy, which aided the revival of Arabic learning.

At Saladin's death in 1193, the empire was divided among his family, but central control was kept by his brother al-Adil and his brother's son al-Kamil. Under them, Saladin's activist policy gave place to one of detente with the Crusaders; it allowed, particularly, for increased trade with Europe.

After al-Kamil's death, the dynasty was rent by internal quarrels caused mainly by the Turkish slave army, the Mamelukes, who seized power and ended Ayyubid rule in Egypt in 1249.

The Mamelukes

The Egyptian Mamelukes emerged to prominence in 1250 when they overthrew the Ayyubid dynasty. The Mamluke sultans presided over an unruly but culturally brilliant era until the Ottoman conquest of 1517. From their capital in Cairo they ruled parts of Syria, Arabia, Libya, and Sudan. An awesome cavalry force when united, the Mamelukes checked the Mongol invasions of Syria, defeated the Crusaders, and suppressed the Assassins. When no outside threats loomed, however, they divided into quarreling factions that seldom cooperated. Most of the sultans had short reigns ending in violence.
Mamlûk Egypt for many years was the principal state of Islam. The defeat of the Mongols in 1260 marked the end of the Mongol menace.
Two centuries later, the Mamelukes fell into disorder and a new Regime, headed by the Abbasids arose in Cairo. The Turkish Mamelukes were disposed off and the Abbasids Caliphs reign on Egypt.

Recent History

After the massive upheavals and revolts in Egypt and the collapse of formal government, the Abbasids resumed control under Hakim bin Kamal, first heir of the Abbasids. Thus begins the era of Abbasid Egypt.

****** The End ******​

After reading the long scroll, you decide to speak with Ibn Sedan, the great politician. He rebuffs you saying" I have no time to answer your silly questions! If you want to know about the political structure in Egypt and her economy, take this" He hands you as scroll by the name of" Asiaysah fi Misrah" without even dignifying you with a look.
And so once again, you are stranded to read another piece of papyrus.

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Book written by Ibn Sedan, "Politics in Egypt", and no date is inscribed.
*You ignore the introduction, knowing that such an arrogant man will only boast about himself*

Administration and powers within the empire

The Government and Organization

The center of the Abbasid State Organization is the Grand Crescent Palace in Cairo. Here the Caliph receives staff officers of the state and commanders in specific days of the week, here he listens to the complaints of the people, and from here he appoints Muslim judges, allocates officials and approves domination of administrative posts. However under the new regime, more centralization was established. Governors and officials were chosen based on their honesty and ability, and city councils were set up in most Egyptian cities to ensure safe conduct and well fare of the citizens. New Systems were adopted and a strong government, under the Abbasids, arose in Egypt.

Important Institutions in the Caliphate

Diwan el Kilafah: The house of the Dynasty and the Caliphate. It is formed of the Abbasid council and the League of Nobles. The latter has very little power but still considerable.
Diwan Hakim el Vizaret : Made up of 20 Vizier and chaired by the prime minister.
Diwan l Risalet ("Internal communications, diplomats et.c.")
Diwan l Male ("Finance, manage expenditures, tolls etc.")
Diwan l Jond ("Military affairs, soldier salaries")

The Main Groups in the Caliphate

-The Abbasid Council: Compromised mainly of Abbasid Nobles, they convey when faced with a massive decision for the Dynasty. They also convey to choose the next Calipah or to abdicate the current one. They are also called "The Abbas Konsol".
-The Nobles League: Thanks to the prosperity of Egypt, a stable aristocracy has always been a part of Egypt. However since the Pharaohs, they have always meddled in state affairs. The First Egyptian Calipah has decided to put an end to their power by establishing a league for the nobles limited to the matters of trade and commerce.
-The Council of the Ulama: Headed by Alim Yazid ibn Murad, the Ulama council was established to unify the Islamic cause in Egypt. It has been very successful so far, as the number of heathens converting to Islam raised dramatically in all Abbasid provinces. Also the centralization of mosques throughout the empire is a good bonus to the Abbasid regime.

Sub Groups in the Caliphate

-The Sunni Inquisitors: Sheiks and imams who formed a coalition to fight off the sunhia and Shiite heresy. They call for immediate war against the Algerians and other Shiite nations. They have been known to collect the Zakat and build Mosques in Egypt.
-The Nile keepers: An agriculturally oriented bunch, the Nile keepers are farmers who demand more agricultural exploits and more irrigation. The Calipah has always supported them, as their efforts have only added more dinars in the Empire's coffers.
-Citizens for God: Several middle class traders and craftsmen convey each year with the Abbasid Trade commission to reach a better deal in terms of prices. This group is very timid.

Justice and laws

A "Qadi", a Muslim judge
The organization of justice in the Abbasid Caliphate is divided into two sections, the martial and the canon law.

Canonical law system: In this system of jurisdiction, the Muslim judge would hear the cases. The Muslim judge was authorized in all the affairs related with the religion and canon law. The chief Muslim judge who is called "Qadi l Qudat" is appointed by the Caliph. The Qadi El Qudat is Prime Minister Ahmed El-Mutawakil.

Martial law system: In this Court, the "Amir el Adil" (Minister of Justice) would hear the cases about those who had destroyed public order or violated the laws and they would particularly deal with the criminal affairs. The Amir el Adil is commissioned as the attorney of the justice in the Abbasid Caliphate.

The military courts under "Qadi el Jond" hear the cases about conflicts and disputes among the army.

Territories

The vast territory of the Abbasid Caliphate consists of the provinces of Egypt, Cyrenaica, Quattara, Alexandria, Cataract, Nile, Sinai, Jordan, Arabia, Delta, Aleppo, Cyprus and Judea. They are in turn assembled in regions; each has their own governors and city councils to make sure that the people's needs are met. Taxes, tolls and dealings are done equally. A Qadi heads every province.

Egypt: Cairo. Capital of the Empire, located close to the ancient city of Gaza. The city is ancient, containing over 1000 mosques, 8 universities, 4 Bimyastans, and street lighting. She contains over 1 million souls but only Allah knows how many there are.
Egypt normally produces agricultural goods and crafts.
Alexandria: Ilh-Iskanderia. Market oriented city, her uncountable bazaars and stores dot the city. Merchants and traders from around the world show their wares under her splendor.
Delta: Dimyat. The Naval Base of the empire, Delta is an important port for Egypt and works as a docking for the Royal Abbasid Navy. The city of Dimyat is well known for her fish.
Cyrenia and Qattara: Benghazi fort and Tobruq city. Both provinces work as a natural protective wall for the Abbasid Empire. The city of Benghazi works as a fort against any impending invasions from the Almohads. Both have nominal tax collectors and a joint governor. The Qadi of Alexandria resides over judicial matters in the two provinces. They have a military status.
Nile and Cataract: Asut and Ayut Both are the bread baskets of the empire, feeding all with the bounty of the land. In July both of the provinces are flooded and the Nile fertilizes the land once again. Wheat, fruits and other goods are the main products of the two provinces. A governor administrates both areas, A Qadi for the Nile and a Coptic Judge over Cataract solve the judicial matters. A small city council made up of Muslims and Christians administrates the area.
Judea and Aleppo: Jerusalem is a Holy city in Islam, and the Caliph has treated her as such. Mosques and Islamic schools were built in the Holy city, and a Qadi and governor were employed for the city itself. A city council administrates Jerusalem.
Aleppo however, is a different case. Aleppo is a relatively important province but since the loss of Lebanon and Samaria, trade has declined greatly. The Caliph handed over the province to General Ali El-Mahdi, to administrate her and protect her against any enemy incursions and to muster troops for Lebanon and Samaria.
Arabia and Jordan: Tabuk and Amman. The starting points for any pilgrims to Mecca and Medina. The two provinces have been filled with caravnistans and constables, to keep the ebb and follow of the pilgrims going. Trade boomed in Amman and the Caliph was initially forced to appoint a joint governor for Arabia and Jordon, and appointing a Qadi for each. The Ulama council supplies the two provinces with Sheiks to help the pilgrims. Amman is also the main base for the Sunni inquisitors.
Cyprus: Nicolas. The province of "Zypris" is limited to a trading post and a provincial connector between Cairo and Aleppo. The Caliphate, hoping to regain her lands in Lebanon and Samaria, is forced to keep the lines of communication open.
The province, because of its crucial location, has been lifted from all taxes for the time being.
Other than above described territories, the current government in Cairo also sees following provinces as rightfully belongings of the Abbasids: Samaria, Lebanon, Syria, Mecca, Medina, and Iraq.

Trade

Trade is regulated by the Trade commission, which changes prices according to demand, to keep Egypt in her flourishing state. The commission is also interested in expanding Roman roads, and lengthening the Silk Road to Cairo, in hope to gain a footing in the Asian markets.
Oriental articles are imported to the Caliphate and then sent to Europe, in exchange for scrolls, books and other worthwhile manuscripts.
The Trade commission also builds carvanistans, encourages traders, loans money, and tries to establish Banks throughout the empire. The league of Nobles also lends a helping hand to the Trade commission from time to time.

Import: Books, papers, manuscripts and Firearms.
Export: Grain, Agricultural goods, Gold, Animal leather, Cloth, Silk, Tea, Sugar, and tools.

Current Taxes: 15%, Tolls: 10%, regulated Grain prices *Because of current economic decline in Northern Africa*: 200%, Domestic prices: 15%
Ships be they Christian or Muslim, are allowed free passage, but must pay a docking tax, for all goods to be introduced into the market.
In times of crises, the Caliphate will lower prices for Grain and other articles.

Monetary system

Abbacy Coin​

Dinars and Dirhams.​

The Caliph has a monopoly in coining and the Caliphate follows the old systems of dinars and dirhams, however a new unitary coin is being minted by the name of "Abbacy". Or Abbasid Dinars. It is a slow conversion as the Abbasid realm doesn't wish to experience inflation.

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Islam, the main religion of the Abbasid Empire​

The kabah​

Islam, in Arabic, means "submission" - submission to the will of God. Faithful Muslims, therefore, submit unreservedly to God's will and obey His precepts as set forth in the Quran and transmitted to mankind by the prophet Muhammad, His Messenger.

Muslims believe that theirs is the only true faith. Islam, they say, was revealed through a long line of prophets inspired by God. Among them are Ibrahim (Abraham), patriarch of the Arabs through his first son Isma'il (Ishmael); Musa (Moses), who received the Torah (Tawrah); Dawud (David), who spoke through the Psalms (Zabur); and 'Isa (Jesus), who brought the Gospels (Injil). But the full and final revelation came through Muhammad, the last of all prophets, and was embodied in the Quran, which completes and supersedes all previous revelations.

As the chief source of Islamic doctrine and practice, the Quran is the main foundation of the shari'ah, the sacred law of Islam, which covers all aspects of the public and private, social and economic, religious and political lives of all Muslims. In addition to the Quran the shari'ah has three sources: the sunnah, the practice of the Prophet; ijma', the consensus of opinion; and qiyas, reasoning by analogy. The sunnah - which supplements and complements the Quran, the Word of God, and is next to it in importance - embodies the meticulously documented acts and sayings of the Prophet recorded in a body of writings called the hadith. Ijma' is the consensus of - qualified jurists on matters not specifically referred to in the Quran or the sunnah. Qiyas is the application of human reasoning to extend the principles found in the two primary sources - the Quran and the sunnah - to cases involving matters unknown in the early years of Islam.

Systematized in the second and third centuries of the Muslim era (the eighth and ninth centuries A.D.), the shari'ah later developed into four major schools of jurisprudence: the Hanafi School, founded by Abu Hanifah; the Maliki School, founded by Malik ibn Anas; the Shafi'i School, founded by Muhammad al-Shafi'i; and the Hanbali School founded by Ahmad ibn Hanbal. Each of these men, all exceptional scholars, wrote or dictated long and learned commentaries upon which their schools of law were founded. Based on one or the other of these schools, learned officials called qadis administer the law in shari'ah courts. Despite the great body of tradition and law, however the practice of Islam is essentially personal - a direct relationship between individuals and God. Although there are imams, who lead prayers and deliver sermons, there are no priests or ministers.

To practice their faith, Muslims must accept five primary obligations which Islam imposes. Called the Five Pillars of Islam, they are: the profession of faith (shahadah), devotional worship or prayer (salah), the religious tax (zakah), fasting (sawm), and the pilgrimage to Mecca (hajj).

The first pillar, the profession of faith, is the repetition of the statement, "There is no god but God; Muhammad is the Messenger of God" - in Arabic the euphonious "La ilaha illa Allah; Muhammadun rasul Allah." It is a simple statement, yet also profound, for in it a Muslim expresses his complete acceptance of, and total commitment to, the message of Islam.

The second pillar, devotional worship or prayer, requires Muslims to pray five times a day - the dawn prayer, the noon prayer, the afternoon prayer, the sunset prayer, and the evening prayer - while facing toward the Ka'bah, the House of God, in Mecca. Like all Islamic ceremonies, prayer is simple and personal, yet also communal, and the wording of the prayers, the ablutions which are required before prayers, the number of bows, and other parts of the ritual are set out in detail.

The religious tax, the third pillar, is zakah in Arabic, a word that in the Prophet's lifetime came to suggest an obligatory religious tax. Like prayer, zakah is considered a form of worship. It enshrines the duty of social responsibility by which well-to-do Muslims must concern themselves about those less fortunate. The zakah prescribes payments of fixed proportions of a Muslim's possession for the welfare of the community in general and for its needy members in particular, whether Muslims or non-Muslims. This tax is often levied and disbursed by the state, but in the absence of a government collecting system it must be disbursed by the taxable Muslims themselves. In addition, all Muslims are encouraged to make voluntary contributions to the needy called sadaqah.

The fourth pillar is fasting during Ramadan, the ninth month of the Muslim year. Ordained in the Quran, the fast is an exacting act of deeply personal worship in which Muslims seek a richer perception of God and in which, as one writer puts it, Muslims assert that "man has larger needs than bread."

Ramadan begins with the sighting of the new moon, after which abstention from eating and drinking, as well as physical continence, is obligatory every day between dawn and sunset. It is a rigorous fast, but its object is not mere abstinence and deprivation; it is, rather, the subjection of the passions and the purification of one's being so that the soul is brought nearer to God. Fasting is also an exercise in self-control and self-denial whereby one learns to appreciate the pangs of hunger that the poor often feel. The exercise of self-control extends far beyond refraining from food and drink; to make one's fast acceptable to God, one must also refrain from cursing, lying, cheating, and abusing or harming others.

Although rigorous, however, the fast, by Quranic injunction, also admits of a warm compassion. Those who are ill, or on an arduous journey, for example, may fast the prescribed number of days at another time; those for whom fasting is impossible may forego it if they give stipulated alms to the needy.

The month of fasting is also joyous. In Muslim regions, in modern times, the faithful - at the sound of the sunset cannon or the call of the muezzin - break their fast, perform voluntary nocturnal worship (tarawih), and throng the streets in moods that are at once festive and, in the spirit of Ramadan, communal. For those who retire and rest after the day's fast there are, in some areas, men called musahhirs who, in the silent, predawn darkness beat muted drums and call the faithful to awake and eat before the long day's fast begins again.

The last ten days of Ramadan are particularly sacred because they include the anniversary of the night on which the prophet Muhammad received his first revelation from God - "the Night of Power" - and the appearance, on the final day, of the thin edge of the new moon announcing the end of Ramadan. At that moment the favor of God descends upon Muslims and, in a spirit of joyous achievement, they begin the three days of celebration called 'Id al-Fitr, the Feast of the Breaking of the Fast. To cement social bonds further, Islam has instituted zakat al-fitr, an obligatory levy in the form of provisions or money for the poor, so that they can share in the joy of 'Id al-Fitr.

Treaty of Tolerance by the Calipah Omar , the second rightly guided Calipah​

The fifth pillar of Islam is the pilgrimage to Mecca - the hajj. One of the most moving acts of faith in Islam, the hajj is, for those Muslims who can get to Mecca, the peak of their religious life, a moment when they satisfy a deep yearning to behold at least once the Ka'bah - the House of God and the physical focus of a life time of prayer. The hajj is at once a worldwide migration of the faithful and a remarkable spiritual happening that, according to Islamic tradition, dates back to Abraham, was affirmed by the prophet Muhammad, and then, by the prophet Muhammad's own pilgrimage, systematized into rites which are simple in execution but rich it in meaning.

Orthodoxy in the Empire​

Wonderful mosiac piece in the Cathedral of Alexandria, depecting Mary​

The Orthodox in the nation are tolerated, but their power has dwindled greatly ever since the Abbasids assumed control. The Caliph of course, didn’t persecute them as a group but feared that any faction, be it religious or political, would be able to muster a revolt behind his back if he allowed these groups to run amuck.
He allows the patriarchs and the priests to continue their administration of the church, but his wife Zomoroda, had begun a project of reforming the orthodox churches in Egypt, with the Coptic one of course.
The Main patriarchs are: Johan Demetrius of Jerusalem, who is basically the head administrator of all the lands of Palestine.
And Patriarch Antonia Fergus, head of the church of all of Africa.
There are only 8 churches throughout the realm, and the orthodox have almost disappeared except in Alexandria.
All posts filled-New Cathedral is being built-Own courts

Coptic's in the Empire​

Mosiac from the Cathedral of peace in Cairo​

The Coptic Church in Egypt is fairly endorsed by the current government, as it is a stability maker in ever dangerous cataract. The floods and Nubian incursions have made the mosque and church in that area a focal point for all its citizens.
The pope, Farris Sedona III has transferred his pupilage from Cairo to Assut, in hope to gain more sway over his followers. He is a friend to the Caliph and a well known figure in the Egyptian nobility. Queen Zomoroda is known to lend him a hand in reforming the Coptic Church.
All posts filled- No new churches built-Own courts

Judaism in the Empire​

Jewish Star of David, from the Jeruslem Jewish Temple​

The Caliphate kens great respect for Jews. They are her merchants, her bankers, and her officials. This community has always been welcomed, but because of its sheer minutiveness, the Caliph was unable to allow them to gain any proper representation.
As all communities they have the right to their own laws and religious freedom.
No information on posts- Synagogues built- Own courts

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Military and Diplomatic Affairs​

Army​

The main section of the armed forces of the Abbasids consists of infantrymen and cavalrymen. How ever, most of the army was composed of cavalrymen. The army had some specialized sections such as archers, lance-bearers, ore ferreters. Catapult-shooters, naphta soldiers, and sapper's et.c.
The Abbasids have also reinforced siege groups with specialists, and have begun to use Greek fire again. A unite by the name of the Serphasim is also a central core of the Army, they are the fire bearers, basically they throw capitulated fire orbs at the enemy.

Army units

The Horsemen of Baghdad (Supreme regiment)
Effective and powerful. Trained by the best military men from Byblos, these formidable horsemen strike fear into the enemies of the Abbasids. They adorn themselves with metallic shields from Europe and use scimitars and Greek bows to obliterate the enemy.( Only in Palestine and Egypt, because of the extremely hot weather).

Abbasid Axuliary troops​

The Cavalry of El- Qahirah
In a desert, beneath the hot sun, speed is better protection then armor that could roast its wearer. Caironian Cavalry are fast "skirmisher" used to protect an army's flanks, keeping archers away and chase down enemies. They ride the best bred Arabian horses..

The graceful horses of the Army​

Abbasid Royal Cavalry
The Abbasid Guards are knights with superb military skills. Their cavalry are well armed and armored as highly disciplined. These mounted warriors are the backbone of the Abbasid Forces and can be used for many tasks on the battlefield.

Simple Pikemen, "Used for quick defense of towns against Nubians"​

Abbasid Greek fire archers.
These powerful archers, with good chemical skills, reign down a fire of hell on their enemies; they are formidable and capable and feared….

Desert Archers
All desert people need superior skills and hardiness to survive, yet alone prosper. They are superlative light archers and their compound bows are excellent weapons. It is their role to pepper enemy troops with arrows and stay out of reach

Shiek Joseph, Chemical expert​

Serphasim
Abbasid orb fighters. They are chemists who can muster any formidable weapon from the most meager of resources. There most famous weapon is the "Orb", basically a ball of lard, dredged in oil, and with a piece of clothing attached to it, can be used as a semi-grenade. One of their orbs is enough to burn a whole town to the ground; they are the central forces of the Abbasid Empire.

Siege Trebuchet, built in Dimmyat​

Spar Siegers.
The siege weapon regiments. They are experts in the art of building, manning and creating, siege weapons. They are trained in Alexandria and use an array of machinery. Trebuchets, Catapults and even Toki weapons "plague musterers".The toki weapons are basically siege weapons, manned with dead bodies, infested with plagues. They are used to spread the plague in sieged fortresses.
Doctors and partitions then arrive to clean and purify the fortress.

Army ranks

Highest in command of the Army is Grand General of the Abbasid Forces, and that is Ali Al-Mahdi.)).
Emir l Nuyan (lieutenant-general). Qasim Hay).
Emir l Panj: 'commander of 5,000' (brigadier-general) Khalid Matton).
Emir l Tuman: 'commander of 10,000 (major-general) Rami Savor).

Diplomacy

The Caliphate does not send emissionaries to any nation or country except for important economic and militaristic matters. The Caliphate will not have any permanent Diplomats after the turncoat Sarad joined the Zayyanida.

Relations: Ally! - Friend – Warm – Neutral – Angry – Hatred – Enemy!

Tunisia: After the recent backstab committed in the Caliphate elections, Tunisia is greatly hated by the Abbasid dynasty and many groups. It will take a long time to rebuild their relationship as they are not trusted. –Angry-
Algiers: For many reasons, the Caliphate utterly hates the Zayyanida, one being that they are heretics, and two their alleged role in ruling the Muslim world and supporting Christians. All the main factions hate Algiers. However, the Caliph is interested in rebuilding the relationship.
-Hatred by the factions, Neutral by the Caliph-
Fez: Because no cordial relations were established, Fez is considered Neutral –Neutral-
Ottoman Empire: The Caliphate is uncertain about the Turks; will they invade her or befriend her? – Neutral-
Golden Horde: The Caliph has grown to love the Mongol war tactics and culture, but the majority of Abbasids and groups, frown upon these barbarians "How can you like these barbarians who destroyed Baghdad?" –Neutral-
Moldavia: The only orthodox nation in contact with the Abbasids, Zomoroda sees them as an important factor in reforming the Egyptian churches. Though the Caliph fears them –Warm-
Venice: No relations established so far. The Caliphate wishes to
Pommeria: No relations established so far. The Caliphate wishes to
Aragon and Castile: Utterly hated by the Caliphate for their actions against co-religionists! Yihhad! But errrr…..not now….the Caliphate is busy! –Enemies-
Rhodes: Trying to kill the father of the Caliph isn’t considered good in the Abbasids books…. –Utter Hatred-
Sicily: No relations were established, the Caliphate however is unsure on how to approach this once Islamic kingdom.Yihhad? Or friendship?-Neutral-
Papal States: Barbarians of christendom!! – Enemies-
England, France, and well the rest of Europe: Barbarians! Why should we even consider sending our merchants to these desolate lands?
The Caliph begs to differ "These people have new insights! And ideas which might benefit us!" His reply falls on deaf ears....for now. –Neutral-

 

[unmerged(31994)]

The Court is now open

​

NOTICE: TO ALL DIPLOMATS, THE COURT DOES NOT ALLOW YOU TO SEE THE CALIPH, PLEASE ASK FOR AUDIENCE WITH THE PRIME MINISTER.​

 

[unmerged(31994)]

The First Abbasi Knosul​

The Great Mosque of Cairo​

As the Abbasids reinforced their power in Egypt, the Calipah took several steps to strangle all resistance in Cairo. He extended his friendship" to the Nobility by allowing them to set up a nominal "Nobles League" to administrate their economic affairs while barely satisfying their political hunger.
In another step to drown all resistance, was by allowing a formal and continuous "Konsul" to partake in Cairo, to decide a course of action by a vote majority instead of complete authority by the Calipah.
Such actions would rectify any mistakes and would ensure that if the future Calipahs were unreliable, the council would remain effective and the Empire stable.

Court Room of the Knosul

"In the name of they Lord, the only God, he who has no partner, and sovereign of east and west, creator of the heavens, we thank you for your mercy! King of Kings!Lord of Lords, Allah!.
Through your blessings, hope has come from the Abbasids, who, may Allah perpetuate their lineage, who have saved Egypt from disorder!and safely guided us to from the horrific consciousness of disbelief! Praise to Allah!
His most Imperial Majesty, Calipah Hakim bin Kamal Al-Abbasi, is now your sovereign, master and Lord after Allah.You shall listen to him and obey, and you shall swear featly on your holy books that you will not take any mischievous doings against him.Praise to Allah!Remember the words of the Holy prophet "Follow thy leader except in disobeying Allah" , this is the new muslim Bayha, and you my brothers must embrace the new order, and leave your old archaic Mameluke orders behind and embrace the true islamic laws and Abbasid centralization as a solution to make Egypt strong again.Praise to Allah!Now come forward and Swear, and may Allah watch over you!"
A formal speech, addressed to the Nobels, governors and Qadis of Egypt in the Knosul Court room, which has been repeated hundreds of times in mosques, and Jamihats throughout the empire.
It is also an old tradition were all the most important figures would swear featly for the new Dynasty. It is always effective in the first two generations, but lose all value by the third.A small but beneficial bonus.
After the short yet direct speech, the Calipah was ordained with the Dynastic scepter, and behind him the Abbasid and Mameluke flags were hanged , representing Egypts past and future, a future for the Abbasids that is.
The shieks hymned the old plasims of David, and an Imam recited from the Quran, competing with the soft voice of the Orthadox priest, who was ensued in reciting the bible in Latin.
the voices mixed, erupting in a beautiful euphora of Music,and harmony of faith.
After a quick, yet significant ceremony, crowning the Calipah as King of Egypt, and Sultan of Syria and Protector of the Sunnah, the Abbasi Knosul began.

The Crowds and other "unimprotant" figures were ushered out of the hall, to allow some privacy for the Knosul to take place.

The Knosuls cleric came up to the podium and , in a decent yet controlling voice, began "Bismallah Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim, Assalam Alekum wa rahmatullah wa Barakatuh, members of the estemmed audience.
The First Abbasi Knosul has began, signifying a new era for Islam that would crush the heretics, and defeat the infidel, inshallah.
The agenda, is as follows :The Almohad policy and the Domestic policy. That is all."The cleric then descended from the podium.
The proconsul began "I first greet my brothers, and hope that they rejoice for this great change of fortune that has befallen us. And may we see only good in our futures. I shall begin.
The Almohads, have always been a threat, there economic and military power,is growing unrestrained, they are heretics, and have allowed the Sunhia to run amuck throughout the muslim world, we must take action immediately!"
The governor of Cyprus intervened "And how do you propose doing that proconsul?"
He replied "By descise military action..."
Imam Yazid then spoke "That is ill advised proconsul, they have enough power to bring ruin to Egypt, and we have barely established ourselves here.We dont even have the complete support of the population, it would be political suicide."
Counselor Abbas, supporting Yazid's statement then added "It would be far more beneficial to keep a status Quota for now, we can then look for other ways to weaken the Almohads."
Governor Ibrahim, of Alexandria listened intently and decided to speak "I agree with both parties, we should first keep a status Quota with the Almohads, and try to find a peaceful solution to the sunhia threat, and if not, well we will have to force the mantle of Egypt, but I support the former. Now let us move to more important issues, what will happen to the provinces of Lebanon and Samaria?"
the proconsul barraged "The Heretics didn't even invite Egypt to the peace talks they have such audacity!! they are core provinces!"
Minister Mahmud barked him down" I have sent a letter to Aragona!and I have also sent a diplomat to reconcile the relationship between us and the Almohads!they will eventually invite us if we force them to!"
Governor Jamal of Tabuk then inquired "And may I ask, if we are invited to the peace talks, what shall we give in exchange for the Levant?"
The Trade commission minister said "About 400 thousand Dinars, and a Grain shipment I believe would be adequate"
The proconsul spoke "Nay! that is too much for two measly provinces!"
Governor Ahmed silenced the proconsul by saying "Oh really proconsul ?!the provinces are the link to Aleppo!and they are core provinces and contain 2 important ports! We must retrieve them no matter what the price is!"
The council went into an uproar as parties matched each other in shouting, the Calipah took action "SILENCE! Order in the court!"
The counsil piped down, and transfixed its attention towards the Calipah.
"It is my descision , yours, is unimportant, remember that, "members" of the council, your job is to provide me with advise, and NOT to create minor wars in the hall of Justice.
I have considered all options, and it is my belief that we should keep a good relation with ALL Almohad states, for now. Maybe even establishing a unified trade agreement with the Almohad empire. Mutual respect is needed, as we dont have enough resources to reinforce our Western border.
As for the domestic, You will centralize the government, your job is to enforce my laws, the shariah laws, and the Nations prestige in every province. I will fight corruption to the greatest extent, and if one of you defies me, you will be punished. If you obey, you will be rewarded, simple no?
Now listen, there is a Shiite power among the nobility that we need to eradicate, and the Nobles League has to be kept in line.I am in no mood whatsoever for a revolt, so treat all of my subject with respect, weither they be Muslim or Christian. Now I must attend the Military inspections with General Ali in Benghazi, Prime minister Ahmed Al-Mutawakil, will keep an eye on all in my absence. The prime minsiter will be the one to implant Baliffs and Qadis, and when I return I will appoint other officals. I trust little among you,as I fear you will only employ your own kin.Salam Alekum"
The Calipah finished his speech and left the room thinking, I should have never implanted Venetian Laws here,But it will a first step towards centralizing the Egyptian government.

 

[TheArchduke]

A letter arrives Tunis.

To Calipah Hakim bin Kamal, ruler of Egypt,

I have heard that you have again restored peace to our western neighbour.
We are currently engaged in peace negotiations with Aragon. Whilst I would also ask for monetary or even military assistance in the ongoing struggle, I would also like to invite you to the ongoing negotiations in Tunis.

Sincereley,
Sultan Hajji Amhed Hafsid of Tunisia

 

[unmerged(17303)]

A letter arrived from the Steppe.

[color=bd9200]"Hakim bin Kamal, Ruler of the Egyptians;

We are not surprised that control of Egypt has once again shifted hands, and that the Mameluk dynasty has fallen. The Mongol Empire welcomes you as a fellow sunnite muslim ruler, and we ask of you to stand with us in our diplomatic isolation of Algiers.

It is the wish of the Mongol Empire that the infidels in Algiers not receive any trade with the followers of the true Islam.

The government in Cairo will be the only state in Africa that receives any recognition from Astrakhan.

Should you wish to travel to Astrakhan, there is a room in my grand palace that exists only for your occupancy. Even I will dare not slumber there.

Allahu Akbar!

Orda Khân
Supreme Khan of All Mongols
Great Khan of the Golden Horde
Son of Baraq, Descendant of Genghis"[/color]

 

[unmerged(31994)]

The Question of the Jihad​

Hakim invited General Ali , proconsul Murad and Prime minister Ahmed Al-Mutawakil about the recent news which reached him from Algiers to his chambers.
The passions! the zealously shown by Akbe, was enough proof for the purity of his heart!
Hakim has lost all patience for the weakness of the fat aristocracy, it is time to take action and join the Berbers in this holy Jihad.
Though he hated the Berbers with all which his heart could hold, but to fight a common enemy, was enough to fight in the glorious Jihad.
“Welcome Ali, Murad, and Ahmed, please take a seat, there is a matter I wish to speak with you “He said, in a weak yet confident voice.
“May I ask, Caliph, to what reason have you brought us here? We have a multitude of duties” inquired the proconsul.
“About the war…” The group fell into silence, as of death itself clutched each of them.
“The war? Calipah that has been discussed by the council, it would pro….” Hakim intercepted Ali “May I ask general, to what extent is the power of the council?”
“I am not a politician to ask such questions”
“Good, that is what I like about you Ali, you know your place.”

”Lord Hakim, it would prove fatal if we joined this already “dispersed” Jihad.
Algiers and Tunisia have almost been drained militarily and economically, they are dying sheep, and Egypt is a fairly new maiden.. We should not waste the opportunity”
Said Prime Minister Al-Mutawakil.
“May I ask, Ahmed, are you a true Muslim? in soul and mind?”
“Only Allah knows Hakim”
“Good enough, then you recall the sages of the past, how the Muslims faced armies of great proportions, and how Islam spread to the ends of the earth, no?”
“Yes but I….”
“Enough! For the glory of God we must join the Berbers against the Crusaders! We must set sail to Aragona”The Caliph freverently said.
“True, but we don’t have the power to participate in this war, our ships and armies can not be mobilized at the moment, it will take us over 3 months to even load our troops into the Vessels of the Egyptian navy, not to mention, the purchases we need to acquire new ships and technology, the price is too high!” whined the proconsul.
“It is not a question of price, but the question of faith! let us join the battle! For the glory of Allah and his realm” replied the Caliph.
“Very well Caliph, but where shall we send our troops? To Sardinia perhaps?”
asked General Ali.
“Nay, more likely towards Murrssiyah!”exclaimed the Caliph
“What! That’s unattainable! We cant attack mainland Aragon!” screeched Ahmed
“It is possible, let us send a large enough force and attack Murrssiyah, such an attack will prove that we are not cowards and parasites, we would at least have some legitimacy to retain the Levant.”
“Ahhhh now I know where your going Hakim, but what about the nobles?”asked Ahmed
“I have already taken care of that, a bit of extortion and a bit of “encouragement” and the aristocracy will melt in our hands” replied Hakim.
“Caliph I will ready the troops, but I need more Dinars to equip the warships with Greek fire”
“Granted” Hakim turned to Murad “Proconsul, inform the Minister of “Rasail” to send a Declaration of war to Aragona, let us get ready to join the dance of death, oh and Ali, do not forget the Plauge weapons…”

Abbasid Fleet-Alexandria-Baja Harbor​

Vessel Saladin, the Plauge holder​

Over 90 vessels of Egyptian origin were assembled in Alexandria, and over 40 Frankish warships were purchased for the war effort. It was a foolish but ambitious attack against the Aragonese, the multitude of ships, and troops reaked the already overpopulated Alexandria. A base was established out of the walls of the great city to provide shelter for the troops.
In the harbor, the Warship Saladin, a newly built vessel, equipped with Greek fire, was destined to carry the plague Toki weapons.
This powerful vessel was to reach the harbor Barcelona and ignite the Great Plauge, that would strike the whole of Aragona, and make way for the muslim troops to easily capture the already decadent kingdom.
The Abbasid cavalry and Pike men congregated in the main square to train for the secondary regiment attack. The auxiliary troops were hailed towards Sina, to train on mountain’s terrain.
Capitan Rami bin Abu Oran, was the grizzled sea capitan chosen to bombard the harbor of Barcelona. Though considerably young, his sea ability was unquestioned.
“General Ali, may I propose something?”
“Yes Capitan Rami?Ask what you wish”
“Lord the vessel of Saladin, is good and all, but the ship itself is recognizable as a Warship, wouldn’t it be sly to attack in silence? perhaps converting the ship to a merchantile ship?”
“True, but there are other pressing concerns Capitan, the Tunisian pirates are of great concern to me”
“perhaps sending a letter to Tunisa and Algeirs to protect the Warship?”
“Fair enough, I will send some engineers to modify the ship, any other concerns?”
“Pray that the mission will go through General Ali”
“God Bless you”

 

[unmerged(2461)]

- EVENT -

Plague Ships of Egypt

​

In 897 AD, a great plague ravaged Egypt, and scattered her people. Since that disaster, muslims have worked on medicine and pharmetical potions. A herbalist by the name of Ibn Murak, in 907, defined the plague in his scriptures as "a dark disease which spreads through rats and the dead."

The Mongols used the plague to their advantage by catapulting bodies of the dead over a sieged cities walls. The Calipah of Cairo decided to similarly harness the plague, acting upon the advice of his men. The Abbasids of Egypt do not want to join the war against Aragon, but they have several tricks up their sleeves which they want to use to weaken that Christian realm. Saladin, a merchantile ship, filled with plague-ridden corpses and black rats, sets sail torwards Barcelona, to spread the plauge throughout the Kingdom of Aragona. The question is, will it work?

MODIFIERS:
Egypt (The Mamelukes) spends 2 econ and 2 current sea mil.
1 econ and 1 current sea mil required to trigger.
+1 to roll and potential successful outcomes of the table amplified for 1 econ and 1 current sea mil.

TABLE:

1. The operation is a disaster. Any attempts made to shield the plague-ships' crew from the diseases their deadly cargo carries fail miserably. Before the ships are even past Malta, their crews are all dead to a man. The ghost-hulks become the stuff of legend in the Mediterranian, and parents use the tale to terrify their children towards better behavior!
All of Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is lost.

2. Any measures taken to isolate the crew from the ships' plague-ridden cargo fails on roughly half the vessels involved. Where the plague takes hold, the stricken ships are soon left without a single crewman. Every sunrise, a count of the ships in the fleet shows a smaller number - the missing vessels presumably having blundered off course and sunk during the night. The surviving ships' captains come to an agreement, hurl both the rats and the plague-corpses overboard, and turn back for Cairo.
Only 1 current sea mil of Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is returned unspent.

3~4. By the time the ships reach Aragon, all the rats are dead and all the plague corpes are completely desicated and sterile. Odd. Must be something to do with the climate. The ships turn back for Cairo, although not before dumping their evil cargoes in the sea. The crews are glad to have no part in what would have been a truly nasty business.
Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is returned unspent.

5. The operation is by and large success, although not to the degree planned by the Egyptians. The Aragonese are wise to the use of plague corpses in war, but the plague rats are another matter. The strain of plague they are carrying is fairly mild compared to others that have effected Europe in the past, but the deaths are still in the tens of thousands.
(-1 current land mil to Aragon, -1 morale to Aragon for 1 year/4 turns).
Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is returned unspent.

6. The operation goes as planned. Although the Aragonese are wise to the use of plague corpses in war, the plague rats are another matter. The strain of plague they are carrying is on a par with the very worst that have effected Europe in the past. The deaths are counted in the hundreds of thousands.
(-2 current land mil to Aragon, -1 morale and -1 tech to Aragon for 1 year/4 turns)
Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is returned unspent.

ROLL: 1 + 1 = 2

RESULT:
Any measures taken to isolate the crew from the ships' plague-ridden cargo fails on roughly half the vessels involved. Where the plague takes hold, the stricken ships are soon left without a single crewman. Every sunrise, a count of the ships in the fleet shows a smaller number - the missing vessels presumably having blundered off course and sunk during the night. The surviving ships' captains come to an agreement, hurl both the rats and the plague-corpses overboard, and turn back for Cairo.
Only 1 current sea mil of Egypt's (The Mamelukes) 2 current sea mil is returned unspent.

Egypt (The Mamelukes) spends 2 econ and 2 current sea mil, 1 current sea mil of which is returned unspent.

NOTES: No bonus has been given to the roll in favour of good RP. This is not a slight upon Calipah's playing, but because I do not like to give RP modifiers where a third party is unrepresented (here, Aragon) and could suffer as a result.

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Abbasid Palace-Secret meeting​

Abbasid Ministry Building​

The ministers and the Calipah conveyed after the "disaster" of the Plauge Ships.
"If you recall my words honorable Calipah, I was correct the whole matter was dirty and the chance for such a thing to work was almost immpossible.Now the question is, what can we do now?" remarked the procouncil.
"Alas you were right, but the idea was intriguing, it may have worked if we planned to save our sailers from the plauge.We have completely forgotten about that"Said Ahmed.
"Yes plauges, such an intresting blight by Allah, it would prove useful if we studied the matter further. Next time, we may be able to deliever Allahs punishment.Let us not consider this a defeat but a.....lesson so to speak.Now unto more important matters.General Ali?"
The General stiffened for a moment "Yes my lord, the Algerians have captured the last Christian island so far, but the Kingdom of Goshtallah"Castile" declared war on them, a most unfortunate business"
"That is dreadful indeed, considering that the Zayyanida are in such a state, that I doubt they will be able to fight this war any longer...and it would not be in our benefit if they lost, even if they are heretics" Hakim said.
"What do you propose we do Calipah?Declare war?"
"Nay, we tried doing that, by sending the plauge ships, let us remain quiet. Perhaps sending our army or lending it to the Zayyanida Caliphate would be far more better. We dont even have a navy to transport our troops if we went in by our own power."
"True Calipah, Now do you think Akbe will bestow upon us the lands of the levant?"asked the procounsil.
"That I do not know of, hopefully he will. Aleppo is almost isolated from the Kingdom, and trade is declining in the North.
Syria is also another target we should watch from now on."
"A Revolt perhaps?I recall your father tried something like that Calipah"inquired Ahmed.
"He did, we should try to contact the Hasashin again, and smuggle some weapons there, but we must wait until we get the Holy land back, itll give us more direct attack"
The halls went silent for a moment, as if death blanketed the City of Cairo.
"you know, Ahmed......Plauges arent a bad idea after all...."
The Calipah turns his head, and looks at the Pyramids, some leagues away from Cairo, as little hills from his balcony.
"We need to teach the Egyptians the art of death again....But first the Empire has to be united if we are to facilitate our plans in peace"

Yes it was important that the scattered Mameluck empire would be reborn into an Abbasid Caliphate before embarking into such an ambitious program.
For enemies lurk everywhere, and as his father use to say m trust No one...

 

[Blade!]

Brother Hakim bin Kamal,

I write my condolances on the naval disaster that has befallen you. The war, though I have long wished it to have been ceased, still continues, and continues well. I would accept your men under my banner, but that I do not think they would follow me*, though perhaps some great rallying event and the word from the Caliph in Bursa would buoy their hearts to my banner in a great Jihad.

Your offer of aid is much appreciated, but if you have not a navy to sweep the seas, nor are able to march to the defense of Dar-es-Islam, I would counsel you to save your coinage and build your strength for a bit longer, for once the Crusaders land in Africa they will march to Cairo and unto Jerusalem, and from there to Baghdad and into the Turkish lands, if they are not stopped in the west. War will come to your doors by crusader, the question is when. Until that time, the Muslims of the Maghrib will do their best to defeat them at sea and on land for all of Islam, by the will of the Ulama.

Akbe Mohammed, Guardian of Western Civilization

*OOC: I do not think the mods would allow it

 

[Cecasander]

A tired traveler who traveled from Mecca by caravan arrives with a letter.

Unto the Calipah of Cairo,

Although you might have power on your side, doesn't prevent me from disaproving your hatefull, arrogant attitude. Apparently unlike you, we seek peace and prosperity within the world of Islam. Unlike many of my predecessors, I personaly don't have issues with religious movements within the Islam. Although the court of Mecca might consider Ali ibn Ali Tabil as the Prophet's true successor, I believe in the teachings of the Prophet, not Ali's, not Abu's. I believe it's a bad thing for the Islam to be seperated by such 'minor' issues with the present thread of christian crusades growing by the month. And I believe in peace and prosperity.

So tell me, my honorable Calipah, don't you?

Mohammed Al-Muhktar, Sultan of the Hedjaz and protector of the Holy Cities.

 

[Blade!]

*A letter is delivered to the Sultan of the Mamelukes*

Brother,

I bring blessed tidings, the Holy Lands have been freed for Moslems from now until forever, as we speak new Mosques will begin their construction, and pilgrims flock to the Holy Sites from all directions... except, of course by the Mediterranean, where war still lingers, and a new crusader lifts its head in the form of Castille.

I have received your letter, and your anxiouness to join the war is comendable, there will be much time before the crusader bodies cease to wash up on the shores, and plenty of time for you to serve in Allah's name, though you have been unable yet. Fear not, for our struggle against those who would see Islam destroyed will yeild up many opportunities for you. I trust you will faciliate the passage of any Ottoman, Timurid, or Hedjazian faithful who are couragious enough to join the great struggle.

Your prayers are much appreciated.

Akbe Mohammed, under the banner of Dar-es-Harb.

 

[unmerged(2461)]

- EVENT -

Chaos in Iraq

​

The Abbasid dynasty has, for all intents and purposes, moved to Cairo. This has left a large power vacuum in their former seat in Baghdad. In the resulting chaos, various factions begin to make their moves. But will whomever it is that rises to the top be happy with the vassalisation of Baghdad to Cairo, or will they seek a destiny of their own?

MODIFIERS:
- NONE -

Reactionary event triggered on validated player recommendation.

TABLE:

1. Baghdad's new rulers are violently opposed to their former Abbasid overlords. Frightening rumours filter into Egypt of atrocities committed upon those who were loyal to the previous administration.
(The Kaliphate severs vassalage to The Mamelukes. -1 morale to The Mamelukes for 1.5 years/6 turns)

2. Baghdad's new rulers are resolutely opposed to their former Abbasid overlords. Rumours filter into Egypt that the old administration was dispatched in fairly short order.
(The Kaliphate severs vassalage to The Mamelukes. -1 morale to The Mamelukes for 1 year/4 turns)

3. Of a sudden, the flow of news from Iraq goes completely silent. A few weeks later, bemused travellers from Baghdad, who turn out to be members of the former, Abbasid, administration there begin to wander into Cairo, not quite sure about what happened to their old jobs.
(The Kaliphate severs vassalage to The Mamelukes)

4. There is news of violent attacks on the Abbasid subject government in Baghdad, although the loyalists manage to retain power.
(-1 morale to The Mamelukes for 1.5 years/6 turns)

5. There is news of sporadic, minor attacks on the Abbasid subject government in Baghdad, although the loyalists comfortably manage to retain power.
(-1 morale to The Mamelukes for 1 year/4 turns)

6. The old guard manage to cling on to power. All the talk that went round of overthrowing the Abbasid-friendly head-of-state in Baghdad was a lot of idle hot air.
(no effect)

ROLL: 3

RESULT: Of a sudden, the flow of news from Iraq goes completely silent. A few weeks later, bemused travellers from Baghdad, who turn out to be members of the former, Abbasid, administration there begin to wander into Cairo, not quite sure about what happened to their old jobs.
(The Kaliphate severs vassalage to The Mamelukes)

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Abbasid Palace-Upper Hall-aftermath of the war-Calipah's thoughts.

The dusty tombs brought from Baghdad held the Caliphates precious treasure, knowledge.Yes knowledge is power, a very important one at that.The Caliphate has been lied to time and time again. Begining with the Tunisians and now the Algerians.After the monumental effort by the Abbasid regime, you would expect that their "intrests" were fairly represented, but no, every one fends for themself like a jungle so to speak. And to add to the irony of it all,the Holy lands are not even exchanged in the treaty, and still remained in christian hands!what type of idiot, nay imbecile, would accept such a thing?Sigh, what a strange world we live in.
At least he gained an important lesson out of it all, Dont trust a single soul.
After draining half the treasury and losing half his fleet, it is a lesson well learned.
However, he must be ever vigilant and must forget this, very unfavourable begining.It is time to move on and begin anew.
The Almohad states have proven themselves as heretics and liers.He should have never bestowed upon that filthy Akbe the benefit of doubt. The council was correct, the Almohads must be destroyed, but it is too early to decide how and when.
He must concentrate on expanding his borders once again, the Hedjaz is an excellent begining to revive the Abbasid Caliphate. Heretics, should never keep hold over the Holy cities, Makkah and the Medina of Rasul Allah.The letter sent by the Sultan of Hedjaz is laughable and funny. He called it a "minor" issue, oh lovely!a feud lasting over 8 centuries and causing such strife throughout the muslim world is not in any way "minor".Youd think that Shiites would have learned right about now....yes expanding his southern borders will give him bilateral control over all the Holy cities,a boost to the empire.
After that he might expand into Syria, as the Levant is going to be a far more harder issue, especially that the Almohads have backstabbed him.
The Question is,how should he deal with the Almohad states from now on?they suffer economic disadvantage and it might be a nice compliment to provide them with money but then again.....let them suffer like the dogs they are.To hell with the hypocrites, the Hafsid and Zayyanida dynasty will pay dearly for making the Abbasids an enemy!But all this is too early to say.
The empire is stabalizing, that is good, trade is flowing again, and in time, we will regain our former lands, piece by piece, even if it takes an eternity.
The Turks show much leniancy and the Mongols have been cordial so far.Neutrality is maybe the best solution right about now.We should observe and wait, in order to not repeat the disaster that befell the Egyptian Caliphate.

*Creeeeeeeeeeeeeeck*

"Ahhh there you are Hakim,I looked for you everywhere" said the soft and melodical voice of his wife, Zomoroda.Her face illuminated by the candel light, which orchestrated the shadows in an eternal dance on the walls.
"I was just.....contemplating our situation"
"Sigh, Hakim, I may be a of the Nassarah but I know that it is only what Allah has ordained will come to be, do you rebel against his judgement?"
"No I do not but I only feel dismay that my plans have went horribly wrong"
"Ya Habibi,Allah is merciful, he is testing you. Yes you have failed but you will succesed inshallah in the future.Egypt is a rich land and in time you will be victorious"
"Ahhh Zomoroda, my love,so much is in my mind, but alas none seem to come to any fruitation. I am a cursed man a Manhos man"
She gave out a slight laugh "Oh Habibi Hakim,you will be victorious.The Ottomans have lost their lands, yet they now march into Europe do they not?You the Abbasids, after over 2 centuries of near extinction, head over a powerful land, scattered but powerful, count your blessings my love!"
"You speak much truth Zomoroda,in time we shall regain the former Mameluck lands and if Allah will it, ALL Abbasid lands, from Andalus to Persia!"
"Hakim, dont let your imagination run wild, concentrate on the coming war against Hedjaz, if there will be one, and try to help the revolters in Syria. The future is bright inshallah"
"You are more muslim than I am"he joked.
"Habibi the prophet said "All people are born muslim, yet it is their parents which make them Nassarah or pagan"Does that answer your question?"
He smiled, flirting with the humor of her joke "But you know what my love?we have gained something more precious than measly provinces or lands..."
She raised an eyebrow "Oh and that would be?..."
"Knowledge.....knowledge of our enemies, and experiance....Now come my love, let us go and enjoy the gardens downstairs.I yearn for some fresh air."

Militia post-Town of Tabuk

Tabuk was always an area known for her green hills and wide plains.Though no river runs in her lands, the sky cries every 6 months and refreshes her fields.
Tabuk boasts about eight thousand residents, scattered throughout the villages and enclaves of humanity.
Commander Abdullah bin Uthman was chosen to fortify the area and expand the lodging for the incoming army of the Abbasid Caliphate.For in three months time, the Army will march into the desert waste lands of Arabia, and supplies were needed to ensure the survival of the troops in the scorching heat.
No formal hostility was declared between the Abbasids and the Hedjaz Sultanate, but it was obvious that the "besieged" Holy cities were to be "saved" from the "filthy" shiites.
It was a desperately needed "victory" in the aftermath of the Meditteranian war.Since the Abbasids gained nothing and lost so much it became obvious that it would prove a political nessecatiy for the Hedjaz to be annexed.
There was no way around it unless of course, the Abbasid army failed.Then again, the council might force the Calipah to take out a loan or withdraw the army.
Thats why Abdullah was here, to ensure that the best scenario of the war happened, the victory of the Caliphate.
It would take be more than just appointing some milita men or fortifying the town, oh it would be a massive undertaking.He was instructed to construct a massive Castle-Milita headquarters and to supervize establishing a primary base for the army, not to mention sending some scouting bands close to the Holy cities.
Yep, nothing was going to go wrong here....

Abbasid Palace-A letter arrives from the Hasashin to the Calipah-several days later

Unto his liege, Calipah of Cairo, old friend Hakim

Congratulation on your "recent" ascention of the Mameluck throne, immpressive Id say....
I hope that you remember the contract between us, binding us to the Abbasid Caliphate.We have much to offer, and Syria is not yours unfortunitly so services are a bit slow.
As you know, I love Damascus, and appreciate the things she has to offer.But I dont like the Omani troops, boyestering the Syrians around.We the Hasashin were able to kill some off, but are not able to slaughter them all. Numbers and weapons arent on our side at all.
Now Calipah, if you were able to help us, get rid of the Omanis, and ignite some sort of revolt here, we promise to join the Abbasid Calipahate.Think about it, the Hasashin sect Formally under your control.If you do help save my homeland, I will even lower my prices just for you.
The plan is simple really dear Calipah.Send some weapons, Halbiredars,scimitars,and other "fine commodoties" through the cities of Ascalan and Bejak.They have the least number of Omani troops and may be the safest route in Syria.
If you agree with my "intial" plan, contact Karim bin Hajaj , who works in the Yamodi inn just down ibn Sinas street.He'll fill your men with all the information you need.
Syria could be yours, of course,take your time.Shell be waiting,the omanis arent going any where.Oh and a tidbit, the Zayyanida are moving out from the Holyland, what gives?I thought you muslims were fighting over that land with the Nassarah.Oh ummm well yeah I am muslim but not to the extent of say...you!
My lord, speak with Karim, I think his proposal is mighty fine.You will be pleased.

Signed, Lord of the Hasashin.

"What an intresting proposal...but I will consider it after I have dealt with "other" matters"The Calipah said to himself as he folded the scroll away.

 

[unmerged(4271)]

A messenger, Ali al-Quazazate of the Fez arrives with a caravan of gifts and a letter:

To the powerful leader of the Egyptians, Calipah Hakim bin Kamal Al-Abbasi, who has led them out of chaos, I bring greetings.

My servant presents to your court gifts from inner Africa, including gold from the Songhai.

Men of my court are visiting Cairo and Alexandria seeking learned men of instruction to teach in a new university being constructed by in Tangiers to continue the scholarly work of the Andalusians, driven from their homes by the Iberians and resettled in our lands. I seek to carry on their quest for knowledge while preserving their culture and teachings, while expanding it to reflect the thought of all Islam.

In addition, we would seek to renew the treaty of trade which lapsed during the times of chaos in our land and yours (OOC: See treaty thread for a trade agreement signed between Fez and Egypt, but that Yoghurt said was not valid) under terms that you might find agreeable.

I am aware that you may harbor concerns surrounding the Almohads. I certainly hold concerns over the potenial unleashing of deadly and uncontrollable plague into lands far closer to my people than yours. However, only through dialogue can these concerns be addressed. We may choose not to agree on certain issues, but if we can find some areas of agreement, perhaps our peoples may yet benefit?

I write this to you respectfully, by my own hand,

Emir Abu-Mohammed Abd el-Maliki of Fez

 

[unmerged(31994)]

Abbasid Palace-Word from Iraq

"It is most unfortunate that the new order in Baghdad, has severed all relations with us, however in time we will retrive our lost holdings there"
the procouncil remarked.
"We have a more press
ing matter, the Hedjazi war....we should concentrate on that first, and then we can look into absorbing the surrounding states"
replied the Prime minister.
"Yes , the Hedjazi war is by far the most important issue we need to resolve...How goes the military build up in Tabuk?"inquired the Calipah.
"So far so good, they have established a preliminary outpost and 5 camps have been set up so far.But I doubt any military action will be taken in the next three months.I have left a contagent of about 7000 thousand men there, but I doubt the Hedjazis will attack first. I fear the Almohads..." said General Ali.
"Yes I have heard news of an...alliance? yes an alliance of a sort between Hedjaz and Algeirs.But dismiss the thought General.We have every right to liberate the holy lands from the shiites and not to mention that the Turks will intervene if an invasion does occur.If we are quick enough however,we can bypass all this.Be optimistic, our earlier defeats will fade from memory and we can begin anew.The Hedjaz is a rebel state to be honest. They rebelled from Abbasid rule some 150 years ago.It isnt too late to retrieve our lands, eh?"said the Calipah.
"I hope you are right...."Ali said.
"Oh I am right, consider this for a moment. If the Kingdom of Qishtallah continues in her feud against the Zayyanida, we will be able in time, to capture the holy cities.Simple no?"
"But what if the Kingdom of Qishtallah signs a white peace with the Almohads?then the Zayyanida will turn at us!"the procounsil said.
"Oh dont worry procounsil,the Turks, and the mongols, hopefully will intervene, and the Almoahds wont attack us.There is a very delicate political body in the area. Anyway the Iberians have a bone to pick with the moors and berbers.So be it..."the Calipah said while sipping a cup of gahwa.
"What will the muslim world say if we revoke all military access through our lands to fighters and jihadis?wont we be looked upon as traiters to the cause?"
"Oh prime minister, I imagined that after so many years of scholarship you would know that the muslim world wont make a single peep.The Zayyanida have done worse, by leaving the holy lands, they have become traiters and murtadeen in the eyes of many.We are merely boycotting them for this "unacceptable" action."
"Very well, what do you think the kingdom of Qistallah will reply to our proposal Calipah?"
"Oh they will be smart enough to accept our proposal...."
"Bah all infidels are stupied Calipah!"
"No no Procounsil, I see a flicker of change in the Barbaric lands. We shouldnt let this pass unnoticed."
"Shall we revise our agenda and take leave?"asked the procounsil.
"Naham"
"Very well.Our main concern is the war against the Hedjaz state, then the revolters in Syria, and then retrieving the holy lands through revolts perhaps? then annexing Iraq.From there we can look into developing the realm with massive projects."
"Excellent, and we must remain ever vigilant against all enemies of the realm.In time we will expand once again.We ask no more than to retrive the 6 old provinces of the Abbasid Caliphate.May Allah be with us."

 

[Cecasander]

A well-dressed envoy arrives at the Calipah's palace with a letter from Mecca.

Onto the Calipah of Cairo

Do not think that your recent agression towards the Almohadans and your buildup near our nothern border passed unnoticed. You might think of us as heretics, but apparently you are commiting the greatest herecy here. The Islam is a religion of peace, and of commitment, the commitment that binds all muslims. It is becourse of inner twists within the arab world that the Christians conquered so much of our lands. The Andalus have been fought off the Iberian peninsula becourse it wasn't backed up by it's brothers, and the christians were united. The christian crusaders fought themselves into the Holy Lands multiple times becourse they were united, and we were weak and devided. The Turks have nearby been fought back from Europe.

As I wrote before, I am a Muslim, not a Sunni, not a Shia. Both Sunni and Shia live together hand in hand in the Hedjah, with little hate for eachother. I have no hate towards you. If you with to destroy heretics, aid the Turks or Almohadans. If you with to gain more land, invade the Holy Lands and invade the Aragonese scum.

Should you choose to go into history as a tyran, just do whatever your heart or your advisors there in Cairo give you in. Would you invade us, we will fight back with vigor. We too can make alliances, if Muslims all over the world would hear of your attempts to capture the Holy Sites, and possibly damage them. This is no thread or smooth-talk, this is just a request towards your common sense.

Mohammed, Sultan of the Hedjaz and protector of the Holy Sites.