September 3, 1945- CASE TEN
The state of the Soviet military fifteen months into the war was extremely poor. Nearly a third of the USSR's military strength was devoted to holding Germany, through a corridor fifty miles wide. Insurrection threatened to end Soviet rule in the Caucasus, and while the Siberian armies were tied down in China, the Americans had swept through eastern Siberia. The British foothold in the Crimea left huge swaths of the Soviet Union open to bombing and further destabilization. In the Balkans, in India, China, Scandinavia- everywhere, the Soviet Union was checkmated, and the Allies were producing a new division every day. Within a few months, the Soviet Union would be doomed.
Stalin decided to implement Case Ten. Drawn up by the Soviet High Command six months earlier, Case Ten called for abandonment of the offensive and withdrawal to more defensible lines. In Asia, Stilwell's New Nationalist Army and the Indian National Army were unable to launch a credible offensive. In addition, the People's Republic of China (following a coup, now under the leadership of Zhou Enlai) served as an excellent buffer. The September withdrawal in Asia went smoothly, as Zhukov pulled back to shorter lines and the PRC was given control over land conquered by the Soviets. The troops freed up were poured into Afghanistan to crush the uprising there and to bolster forces in Siberia, where a winter offensive to expel the Americans was planned.
In Europe, however, Case Ten was an unmitigated disaster.
The withdrawal was planned to reconcentrate Soviet forces along a line from the Danzig corridor to Istanbul. This would have doubled the concentration of Soviet troops along the line. In addition, the Allied troops would be exhausted by a rapid march forward and stretched wider. In theory, Case Ten would have allowed the Soviets to launch a devastating series of local offensives against the Allies, re-establishing an insurmountable advantage in manpower. Things went wrong, however, almost from the beginning.
Konev, in receipt of the Case Ten orders, was stunned. He had to pour three million soldiers on foot through a fifty-mile wide corridor, in the face of Allied airpower. He immediately began planning to make the best of the situation. Using American POWs as envoys, Konev informed Patton that he intended to move his troops out of Germany- along the entire width of Patton's northern salient. Patton was given an ultimatum- either withdraw to Danzig or face eight-to-one-odds.
Patton's reply was delivered by Allied cryptographers who broke into the Soviet communications frequencies.
"KONEV- GO SHIT IN YOUR HAT. REGARDS, GEN. GEORGE S. PATTON, JR."
Konev's reply was equally as eloquent. A rolling artillery barrage announced the beginning of the push east. Simultaneously, Soviet troops pulled out of their positions along the French lines and the North Sea coast, burning everything behind them. Konev was determined to leave nothing in Germany the Allies could use. As city after city fell under the torch, the French stepped up their pursuit and bombers raked the retreating columns unmercifully. The Soviets, demoralized by the constant destruction, retreat, and their own losses, finally broke. At Bremen, the commander of the 10th Army, formerly responsible for holding the Netherlands and the North Sea, announced that he would disobey the pillage order. Given a taste of disobedience, his soldiers stopped moving, and before long, Bremen was the center of a virtual civil war, Communist diehards battling mutineers. Many of the mutineers simply melted away, several thousand declaring for the Army of Russian Liberation once they were safely north. The panic and the strife spread quickly, as panicky NKVD officers liberally applied summary execution to speed the evacuation. Within a week, the western Soviet flank had completely collapsed. A lawless, uncontrolled mob, one million strong, was rushing straight at Konev's eastern front, pillaging, raping, and looting as it went. Behind the wave of destruction remained hundreds of thousands of stragglers- some destined for POW camps, others to wear the blue armband of the Army of Russian Liberation.
Konev's offensive failed miserably. Despite his heavy numeric superiority and the discipline that still held on his eastern front, his soldiers lacked the stomach to charge into Patton's lines, and fell back time and again. Patton was forced to give ground in many instances, but he was never truly in danger. Entire Soviet divisions on the southern tip of his salient simply abandoned their positions, marching through Dresden to the east.
On September 21st, the two Soviet columns met. The western flank troops slammed into Konev's eastern lines like a hurricane, looting supplies, disrupting movement, and spreading demoralization like a disease. Konved was forced to turn around his artillery and fire upon the advancing hordes, and soon his entire force was in a state of collapse. On September 27th, Konev gave in to the inevitable. Taking with him a core of disciplined troops, Konev fought his way through the mob, organizing a chokepoint at Dresden. Barely one in six of the Soviet troops in Germany marched through Konev's lines in order. Some remained behind, raising the flag of the Army of Russian Liberation and acting as local authorities. Many more simply turned to brigandage, and packs of Russian bandits were still being rooted out of Germany well into 1947.
In one month, the Russian military had lost three million men without facing any serious combat. The news was too massive to suppress, and soon the entire Soviet sphere was alive with rebellion. In the Ukraine, a Free Ukranian Army sprang up to match the ARL, and soon the Red Army was pulling back from the Crimea. Cossack units in the Don and Kuban joined the growing Caucasus rebellion. In the Balkans, the Soviets were unable to move their troops out- partisans blocked their advance. As the Soviets tried to push through, the Americans moved out of their lines, striking them hard along the rear. The Red Army's will to fight was gone. In a matter of weeks, the entire Balkan line had collapsed, and a million more Soviet soldiers had been lost.
On October 12th, Konev managed to cobble together new defensive lines, farther east than Case Ten had called for- roughly from Memel to Constanta. Instead of seven million men, he had four. In the vacuum he'd left behind, the Allies were delayed by the need to establish order. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania regained their independence. The new governments were weak and disorganized, and banditry by Soviet stragglers and local bullies remained a severe problem. The chaos prevented any Allied offensive- as a matter of fact, it was five months before Andrews could move battle-ready American troops up to the Case Ten lines.
As it turns out, he didn't have to.