THUNDER OF THE STEPPES
KR MONGOLIA AAR
CHAPTER TWO: A KHAGAN'S WILL
Part VII: Tibetan conquests
On 10th of October the Mongol armies faced the Tibetan border. According to the Ungern's plan, Southern army (Kaigorodov) would attack Sumdo, Tuvan and South-Western army would support that offensive, while South-Eastern army (Tornovsky) and Khan's army (Ungern himself) will separately march onto the towns of Gertse and Riwoche. Tibet didn't have any equal armed forces to answer.
Tibetan military leaders managed to prepare only 2 divisions against general Sukharev at Sumdo. It was an easy prey for the Mongol divisions.
The beginning of Sumdo offensive
Four days later Mongolia started an agressive exploration of natural resources, because its army and industry badly needed them. Mongolia was rich of various minerals and other useful natural resources, but the Khaganate needed modern geology systems and technics to get them. So, it was a #1-problem of the Mongol government - Mongolia wasn't reach enough to simply buy resources from other countries.
We need resources, that's a question of life and death!
Russian-born geologists on their mission in Eastern Mongolia
Also, one more cavalry division of new 1932 order was being formed since 18th of October. It was going to become 8th cavalry division of Mongolian army. With additional brigade of heavy armored cars.
The 8th cavalry division
One of armored cars, cheaply bought in Siberia
In Russia, meanwhile, Wrangelites were winning the war in the Western part (they captured a lot of Soviet towns, including Opochka and Staraya Russa), but in the Eastern part of the front Wrangel's forces were retreating - the Reds reached the town of Totma. The Russian Civil war was still unpredictable conflict with an unknown final.
Khan's army faced almostly no resistance approaching the Tibetan capital of Lhasa (the battle occurred on 7th of November), the enemy has only one division of WW1-ammunitioned militia. Of course, the Mongols had troubles with mountainous warfare, but their will to fight and larger manpower made the victory unavoidable.
November offensive was the last step to defeat Tibetan army and it wasn't going to be difficult as well. About 50% of Tibetan territory was already in Mongol hands.
The Mongol blitzkrieg continues
Mongol horsemen in action
On 20th of November Wrangel's supporters captured Moscow - 2 Soviet divisions were encircled in Orekhovo-Zuevo, and the loyalists celebrated a great victory - 2nd capital of Russia was in their hands, and the siege of St. Petersburg was going to be next turn of the Civil War. But the Reds were still very strong (they had approximately 20+ divisions in the combat area) and of course they eagerly waited for revenge!
Wrangel's men enter Moscow
A group photo of loyalists' battalion
At the beginning of December the conquest of Tibet was almostly over. Only the last town - Lhasa, the capital city, continued fighting. But the fate of Tibetans was obvious and dark -what could they do against six division of the Mongolian army?
The siege of Lhasa goes on
Also, 3 divisions were resisting in the mountainous area of Senge Khabab - 6 divisions of general Sukharev were fighting 3 Tibetan divisions.
One more strongpoint of desperate Tibetans
On 6th of December the ancient temples and castles of Lhasa saw their new masters - the Mongol army entered the town and started 'showing the Mongol pride' to the citizens. Ungern entered the Dalai Lama temple and told the high priest that the Mongols 'liberated Tibet' from 'corrupted government' and 'Now your Holiness is absolutely free'. After all, Ungern (even as Genghis Khan) continued being a fanatical Buddhist and Dalai Lama wasn't abused, killed or wounded. His temple continued being the safest and most silent place in the burning and crying capital of Tibet.
Ungern enters Lhasa
"His Holiness", who was "liberated by Ungern" - a little boy, Dalai Lama XIV
To be continued...
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