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Good luck building a New Roman Republic. You seem to have made good progress already. And the Byzantine resurgence was quite surprising.
 
An excellent war against Aragon, some useful provinces taken.
 
VILenin: Thanks, and about the Byzantine ressurgence, thanks to the noble and smart lady from Venice that married the mad emperor. But it's not good, since Thrace is in the plans of the New Roman Republic...

stnylan: Naples is a good province, more than 100.000 habitants, and the ports of Naples and Apulia very good to increase influence in western mediterranean. Next time they (or the spanish) declare war on me, I'll try to take Sicily, Messina and Sardinia.
 
4. Andrea Vendamin: Italy in flames!

Andrea wasn't an equilibrated man. Sometimes, his emotions spoken louder than the rational thought. And this almost ended with a dream of building a new roman era, an era where the classic things rule.

He succeded a man that left him no loans to pay, an expanding country and the only chalenge to enter Rhodes. Some revolts, and war exaustion weren't hard troubles.

In his administration, some important events happened in Europe.


"January 16, 1477 : Spain went with Let us bind their Dynasty to ours in The Iberian Wedding. "
"January 16, 1477 : Aragon became Vassals of Spain."

"June 4, 1477 : Burgundy went with Charles of France in The Marriage of Mary of Burgundy. "
"June 4, 1477 : France had France inherits Burgundy . "
"June 4, 1477 : Austria had France inherits Burgundy . "
"June 4, 1477 : France annexed Burgundy."


This last one, strange, since the french provinces went to Austria, and the others to France.

To beat the 30k men army in Rhodes, Andrea concentrated the largest landing operation ever made in history: Using all venetian ships, and all the soldiers the venetian ships were able to carry (the whole army, about 56k men), it took three trials (always rebuilding the army to 56k) to finally beat the Knights, leaving in the island only 7k men (not enough to make the siege). When preparations were being made to send more men to start the siege, the unexpected disaster took place, just one month after a good new. This made Andrea lost control. Anger dominated his mind.

"February 1, 1477 : Our naval technology level increased to Late Medieval (5). (no bonus effect)"

"March 2, 1478 : Milan cancelled the Vassalization she had with Venice."
"March 2, 1478 : Milan declared war upon us!"
"March 2, 1478 : Austria joined the war on the same side as Venice in their war against Milan."


They had no allies. But never Venice had a stronger enemy. And Austria wasn't very interested in the war.

"September 8, 1478 : Milan accepted peace with Austria on the following terms : Return to Status Quo."


With no armies in Italy, the Milanese 72k men force was free to ocupy every city in his way (Including Veneto!). They used the primitive concept of "Blitzkrieg": they assauted the fortresses. Here is the succession of events.

"October 22, 1478 : We have lost control over Mantua to Milan."

"November 1, 1478 : We have lost control over Emilia to Milan."

"December 2, 1478 : We have lost control over Kosovo to Rebel Scum."

"January 15, 1479 : We have lost control over Romagna to Milan."

"March 3, 1479 : We lost a battle against Milan in Veneto."

"August 9, 1479 : We captured the province of Napoli from Rebel Scum"

"September 12, 1479 : We have lost control over Marche to Milan."

"September 15, 1479 : We lost a battle against Rebel Scum in Apulia." (Forces from greek islands desperately trying to unload and fight the milanese).

"December 17, 1479 : We have lost control over Firenze to Milan."

"December 29, 1479 : We have lost control over Veneto to Milan."


The venetian government fled to Corfu, a safe place where the Milanese armies coundn't reach. However, they offered peace demanding firenze and military accest. The evil-possessed Andrea declined, and the stability dropped, inflation higher, because the peace offer was very generous. This happened several times. So, the government contacted a group of foreign bankers, trustful that Venice could turn the outcome of the war in its favor and give them very money. So, all the funds Venice found, he tooks.

"January 6, 1480 : We took a loan."
"January 6, 1480 : We took a loan."
"January 6, 1480 : We took a loan."
"January 6, 1480 : We took a loan."
"January 6, 1480 : We took a loan."


1000 ducats invested in mercenaries and new recruits, wherever they could be found. Venice had now force to oppose the milanese. The force headed to Lombardia.

"April 1, 1480 : We have initiated a siege in Lombardia."

Then, due to war exaustion, the greek islands were no more a safe place; The goverment members and nobles had to stay with the main army, that means, the enemy's capital was the safest place!

"September 2, 1480 : We captured the province of Lombardia from Milan"

Then, the government found an interesting way to fight the milanese forces in Italy, that were still very strong to be fought directly by the main army. They put the tolerance to Catholics in the lowest level! The revolt risk in the occupated provinces rose to more than 10%. This was succesful in some provinces, that revolted against milan, and succesfully, returned to Venice's control. But this desperate action proved wrong when the command received the following news (a detail: stability was at -3).

"April 28, 1481 : We have lost control over Apulia to Rebel Scum."

"May 1, 1481 : The people of Sicily declared independence from Venice."
"May 1, 1481 : Sicily declared war upon us!"


And, to get even worse, they lost a Battle in Lombardia, and the milanese recovered its capital.

"May 3, 1481 : We have lost control over Lombardia to Milan."

Then, with the help of rebels, the tolerance get back to the normal level, and the outcome of the war begun to change.

"October 23, 1481 : We captured the province of Mantua from Milan"

"November 10, 1481 : We won a battle against Milan in Lombardia."
"November 10, 1481 : We have initiated a siege in Lombardia."

"July 11, 1482 : We captured the province of Lombardia from Milan"

"October 26, 1482 : We captured the province of Veneto from Milan"

"December 19, 1482 : We won a battle against Milan in Emilia."

"January 5, 1483 : We won a battle against Milan in Romagna."

"November 7, 1483 : We captured the province of Apulia from Sicily"
"November 7, 1483 : We captured the province of Marche from Milan"

...

"June 3, 1485 : We captured the province of Emilia from Milan"
"June 3, 1485 : Milan accepted our generous peace offer. (Annexation)"

"June 6, 1485 : We won a battle against Rebel Scum in Siena."
"June 6, 1485 : Sicily accepted our generous peace offer.(Annexation)"


TerritoryAndreaDead.jpg

Note the strong France and England. English are in Portugal, France and Germany. France are also strong in Germany and rule over low countries.


In November 15, 1485, Andrea died. He won the war, and kept Venice from a generalizated civil war, and Venice was now military stronger. But the cost was too high: 15% inflation, 1000 in loans, trade influence lost around the world, the siege of Rhodes yet to be done, rebels controling all the greek islands, Ragusa, Kosovo and some italian provinces, and an astronomic BB growth!
 
That was a very harsh war - and a tough challenge for the Republic. This peace might be difficult to win.
 
stnylan said:
That was a very harsh war - and a tough challenge for the Republic. This peace might be difficult to win.

Yes, never the Republic been in greater danger. But the milanese that were sieging Istria and some Sicilian ships now fight under the flag of the Serenissima.
 
A costly war indeed. And a resurgent Byzantium will doubtless pose problems for you down the road as Venice seeks to expand into the Eastern Med. I guess you should be more careful who you marry your smart women to. :p
 
VILenin said:
A costly war indeed. And a resurgent Byzantium will doubtless pose problems for you down the road as Venice seeks to expand into the Eastern Med. I guess you should be more careful who you marry your smart women to. :p

Hehhe you're right. But it will be more funny to catch them now.

Well, my few loyal readaars, I'll have many proofs now and there won't be updates for a while.
 
5. Marco Barbango, the Eternal

Part I: Rebuild


Marco Barbango was a poor leader, with a great chalenge. To rebuild the economy and the lands that his disastrous antecessor left him. And he made more than what was expected. But in his administration, due to his weakness, several factions increased their power. The most notable change in the social status of Venice was the growth and consolidation of the aristocracy. After including many italian territories, the nobles of these lands slowly used their local influence to gain strong positions among Dei Pregadi and in Maggior Consiglio. After some years, Marco Barbango became basically an aristocracy's puppet. This means that, every action he made favored the aristocracy, that eventually get full power.

NoblesDemand.jpg


The influence of the Aristocracy, in that time, wasn't bad. Venice needed a strong cavalry to protect a big territory. And the nobles knew very well how to produce good horses to supply the rising venetian cavalry, a new concept in the venetian ways of fight. And also, the noble youngmen had the needed erudiction to form good diplomats, that helped the limited inteligence of Marco to deal with the expert european leaders.

But Marco was, at least, lucky. As soon as he became doge, a saint performed a miracle: In an unrest period, many provinces controled by rebels, and all investiments in stability, the stability soon reached full level. Soon, Marco queled all rebels. But many nacionalist rebels were still to be dealt with...

"November 24, 1488 : Our stability increased. (Saints perform miracle)"

GreatReputation.jpg


With the loans, as soon as the money entered, it went out, and the merchants had to pay the interests with expecial taxes that lasted until the loans were totally paid (15 years after). Marco invested in the costly trade center of Isfahan, and in diplomacy (bringing Austria and other german states to the venetian side). After 5 years, the bank requested payment of the loans, in January. With some minting and the yearly income, 2 loans were paid, and of the other 3, one was extended and 2, exchanged for new loans with lower interests. After 10 years, more 2 loans were extended, and the other exchanged. In the 15th year, the economy was recovered and the loan paid with no need to any minting. The mint increased inflation, but in a period of 10 years, the luck of Marco bring two magnific events that made the inflation stay in 10% in the end:

ExceptionalYear.jpg


And, so lucky was the man, more good events happened shortly:

LandClaimed.jpg


ManufactoryMantua.jpg


Outside the venetian domains, there was many wars. Strong countries became even stronger. Whit Denmark now owning a CoT, venetian merchants thought it was a good idea to make a trade agreement with them.

"January 25, 1486 : Mecklenburg accepted peace with Denmark on the following terms : Full Annexation of Mecklenburg by Denmark"

"October 27, 1487 : Byzantium declared war upon Turkey."


12 days before the last new, Marco managed to succesfully finish the siege in Rhodes, forcing the Knights of St. John to give up Siena and all their money.

The restructuration of the venetian army brought many leaders from aristocracy. However, some of them were not used, since the time was for peace and reconstruction, not war.

"January 1, 1490 : C. Borgia awaits your command in Firenze."

"January 1, 1495 : Andrea Loredan awaits your command in Apulia."

"June 13, 1496 : C. Borgia has died."

"January 1, 1498 : Vincenco Polani awaits your command in Cretan Sea."

"January 1, 1500 : Nicolo Pitigliano awaits your command in Siena."
"January 1, 1500 : Bartolomeo d´Alviano awaits your command in Siena."


The european geography was changing quickly in these times. Some examples:

"April 8, 1497 : Hungary became Vassals of Poland."

"July 6, 1498 : Turkey accepted peace with Byzantium on the following terms : Angora to Byzantium."

"December 22, 1502 : Spain annexed Aragon."


Due to bad relations Hungary had with Austria, instead of becoming vassal of Austria, it became vassal of Poland. Some years later, it was incorporated as polish territory.

In these days, Rome showed it was still a threat to Venetian supremacy in Italy. In 1505, the pope formally expressed support in the League of Cambrai, and commissioned the build of Saint Peter's Basilica. Some members of the Maggior Consiglio liked it, as they knew Rome would one day become Venetian. But some didn't like, because they feared the pope's power.

All the investiments were put in Infrastructure, due to the reconstruction efforts. Eventually, the logistic evoluted to a level in which more modern legal structures could be implemented.

"March 1, 1506 : Our infrastructure was improved to Early Baroque (4). Our Legal counsels can now be promoted to Chief judges."

But there was a fact that really let the diplomats worried. The alliance led by Austria, which Venice participated, was in its worst moment.

"September 18, 1506 : Austria went with Express Support in The League of Cambrai. "

And the former allies became enemies. Wasn't by the venetian diplomatic efforts, maybe even a war could begun.

Holy Roman Emperor: Ahh! Ein Geschenk von der Doge! Das gefällt mir sehr gut!

Some years after, the useless ally Novgorod declared war on Muscovy. Obviouslly everyone dishonored the alliance. And here, the diplomatic efforts proved fruitfull. Not only we continued allied with Austria and Bavaria, but also Venice became the alliance leader.

"November 17, 1511 : Bavaria dishonored your Military Alliance."
"November 17, 1511 : Austria dishonored your Military Alliance."

"November 22, 1511 : We have dishonored our Military Alliance with Novgorod."
"November 22, 1511 : Bavaria entered our Military Alliance."
"November 22, 1511 : Austria joined our Military Alliance with Bavaria"


In the near east, the mad byzantine emperors continued bulling the poor turkish. Byzantium conquered Angora, and then declared war again on Turkey, for the last time.

"April 4, 1511 : Byzantium declared war upon Turkey."

"September 5, 1514 : Turkey accepted peace with England on the following terms : Adana to England & Kastamonu to England."

"July 5, 1515 : Turkey accepted peace with Byzantium on the following terms : Full Annexation of Turkey by Byzantium"


While in Italy, the tension beetween the eternal rival, Venice and Genoa, became higher. Venice noted that Genoa had a dangerous trade influence in the venetian market. Then, Marco ratified the trade embargo against Genoa in April 29, 1517. Genoa answered indirectly to Venice, by declaring war on Byzantium, in an attempt to show Venice their force and to try to convince the doge to end the embargo. But they failed. In the same year, Papal States went bankrupt, showing that there was no one in Italy capable to oppose Venice. Soon, the master diplomats, the Habsburgs, made the feared Spain their vassals.

"January 4, 1519 : Austria went with Let the Habsburg Empire be ruled from Vienna in The Spanish Wedding. "
"January 4, 1519 : Spain became Vassals of Austria."
"January 4, 1519 : Spain had The Habsburg Wedding . "


Holy Roman Emperor: Hahaa! Bier! Bier! Wo ist das Bier?

And, for the following 5 days, he was a drunk emperor.

Italy was only considered to be fully rebuilt when the logistic of the country showed capable of install a new administration system in the provinces. Then, mayor were promoted to governor in many provinces, and new coins were made from every gold piece avaiable in the country. Now, the treasury reached a high level. Inflation was thought to be maintained at 10% (since there will be the deflation event around 1600, -10% inflation). And even more exceptional years can occur... nobody knows.

"May 1, 1521 : Our infrastructure was improved to High Baroque (5). Our Mayors can now be promoted to Governors."

To make a even more happy finish in this part, when the alliance expired, the germans were happy to join again the same renewed alliance.

"December 1, 1521 : Bavaria entered our Military Alliance."
"December 13, 1521 : Austria joined our Military Alliance with Bavaria"



The venetian territory haven't changed in this period. But many years of peace... a lot of money... good leaders... infrastructure never been so good...
 
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Just what the doctor ordered. A long period of rest, rebuilding, and consolidation.
 
Right. Marco made a good call sitting back and watching for awhile. Like the others I'm REALLY impressed with the Byzantine AI this game.
 
stnylan: Oh yeah, just profilatic moves.

CatKnight:
It's the first time I've seen Byzantium to annex Turkey. I think it's because Turkey became very weak fighting Byzantium, Hungary and me. But the byzantine AI have been uncredible smart.
 
Wow, what a great series of events. The Doge certainly was lucky!

The strong Byzantium is going to make for an interesting showdown as you try and construct your Roman Republic. You goal of owning Constantinople might mean you have to conquer all of Byzantium first.
 
VILenin said:
Wow, what a great series of events. The Doge certainly was lucky!

The strong Byzantium is going to make for an interesting showdown as you try and construct your Roman Republic. You goal of owning Constantinople might mean you have to conquer all of Byzantium first.

Yes, I will have to conquer all of Byzantium. They thought that Turkey was their worst nightmare... but they don't know an even worst enemy (Me heheh :D ) will come upon them.
 
You think the Byzantines have forgotten 1204, do you? Why are the English in Turkey? What were they doing at war with the Turks in the first place?

Your Roman Republic is taking shape nicely under lucky Barbango.
 
Chief Ragusa said:
You think the Byzantines have forgotten 1204, do you? Why are the English in Turkey? What were they doing at war with the Turks in the first place?

Your Roman Republic is taking shape nicely under lucky Barbango.

They still haven't forgotten 1204, but they will because this time Venice won't share no quarter. Venice will stay with ALL their empire hahahaha ;)

And, why they (the english) are in Turkey I really don't know (who understands the AI?). They are having many troubles with the muslim inhabitants... They formed an alliance with Byzantium (that is no more) and took the turkish provinces in one of the byzantine wars of reconquista. They are also in Oporto, Tangiers, one or two german provinces (don't remember which ones), Navarre, and haven't lost their french provinces. A powerfull nation.

Soon the Roman Republic will be really a Roman Republic, with Rome itself incorporated in the Republic. I'm still thinking what I'll make with the pope... Kill him in public? Let him live? What do you think?
 
Don't kill the pope, just put him under your thumb. Have him declare the Doge "Lord Protector of Christendom" or some such and then seal him off in the Vatican. As for the CBs from conquering Rome, it can't be helped. What's a Roman Republic without Rome?
 
Chief Ragusa said:
Conquering the papal state will give all other Catholic nations a permanent CB against Venice.

You just want to conquer Byzantium before they come after Venice!

Of sure I'll conquest Byzantium but...

VILenin said:
Don't kill the pope, just put him under your thumb. Have him declare the Doge "Lord Protector of Christendom" or some such and then seal him off in the Vatican. As for the CBs from conquering Rome, it can't be helped. What's a Roman Republic without Rome?

You said all. Republica Romana have no fear.
 
Part II: Hurting Aquiles' Heel and other giants

All was going well to Venice. Peace, Stability, Prosperity... until a warlike country to the north disturbed this good cicle.

Bohemiadow.jpg

(The countries involved in the war: "March 5, 1522 : Austria joined the war on the same side as Venice and Bavaria in their war against Bohemia, Denmark, Poland, Crimea and France.")

Venice concentrated his forces against France; a small regiment just enough to siege Albania, and the rest to France itself; the first trial to siege Piemonte failed, then the army went north and succesfully sieged Bern, Alsace and Paris. With the capital of his strongest ally fallen, Bohemia realised that peace was a good idea and accepted the venetian offer.

The conquest of Paris gave Venice knowledge of lands to the west, waiting to be colonized. There was no venetian explorer or conquistador, but colonists were ready to sail to the new world, in north america. The first colony was Nova Scotia, that was taken as a model of colonization. Soon the province became a center of trade in the region.

[Future...]"January 1, 1541 : A new Center of Trade has opened in Nova Scotia."

"June 13, 1524 : We captured the province of Ile de France from France"
"June 13, 1524 : France accepted our generous peace offer. (Albania and Bern)"
"June 13, 1524 : Bohemia accepted our generous peace offer.(Return to Status Quo)"

In the same day, the Doge gave liberty to the oppressed helvetian people, making them vassals and cultivating frienship, seeking make them the future "swiss guards" of Venice by adding them to the alliance.

Helvetia.jpg


"June 13, 1524 : The people of Helvetia declared independence from Venice."
"June 13, 1524 : Helvetia are now our vassals."


The Bohemian trouble was tottally finished when the master diplomats, the Habsburgs managed to use their complicated dynastic relations to vassalise Bohemia, making the Holy Roman Emperor even more powerfull in the german states, since Bohemia had many german provinces.

"August 29, 1526 : Bohemia went with Accept the Habsburgs as Elected Kings in The Death of King Lajos of Bohemia. "
"August 29, 1526 : Austria had The Habsburg Inheritance of Bohemia . "
"August 29, 1526 : Bohemia became Vassals of Austria."


An area of interest to Venice changed ownership in a way not very good. The military strategists in Veneto knew the dificulty of fighting the warrior of the order.

"January 3, 1528 : Spain went with Give Malta to the Knights of St: John in The Knights of St: John of Jerusalem. "
"January 3, 1528 : The Knights became Vassals of Spain."
"January 3, 1528 : The Knights went with Accept Malta and become a Spanish vassal in Spain gives Malta to the Order. "


In this same year, the Maggior Consiglio decided it was time to put an end in the influence of Poland in slavonic lands, rightfully clamed by venice. They weren't welcome there, so it was a move to "liberate" slavonic people.
The operation was called "Aquiles' Heel", comparing Poland, the giant with his feet in Slavia. Perhaps it was a bad move, since it opened a two-fronts war. But the enemy in the other front was also wanted...

"September 16, 1528 : Venice declared war upon Poland."
"September 29, 1528 : Austria joined the war on the same side as Venice and Bavaria in their war against Poland, Denmark, Crimea, France and The Palatinat."

Crimea and Denmark soon accepted white peace. In the eastern front, the disorganisated and bad-armed armies of Poland were easily beaten by the venetian soldiers. Banat, Pest (control lost but then retaken) and Krain were taken.

On the other hand, the french front was going very well, with Provence, Baden, Piemonte and Auverne taken (but Corfu and Nova Scotia lost). Venice offered peace to France demanding only Piemonte, and the french king refused. But his advisor, knowing the error his king just made, contacted the venetian diplomats quickly and offered peace, in the hope to save France of a worse destiny.

"October 12, 1531 : We captured the province of Auvergne from France"
"October 12, 1531 : France rejected our generous peace offer! (demanding Piemonte)"
"October 15, 1531 : Venice accepted peace with France on the following terms : Piemonte to Venice, Acadie to Venice, Bermuda to Venice, Isle Royale to Venice & Damman to Venice."

The doge was content with definitively ending with the french presence in Italy and, better yet, having all the french colonies under venetian control. Anyway, the "Aquiles' Heel" operation wasn't still over. After the fall of Maros, the polish king accepted peace in the terms dictated by Venice, and also agreed to sign the following declaration.

"We recognise that the slavonic people, admirers of the superior classic culture, represented by the new roman republic, whose center is the Veneto, wonder of the World, shall be part of that great power, and that no polish, without permission of the Doge, rightfull ruler of the region, shall walk there. Then hereby, in the name of the people of Poland, I give the control of the slavonic provinces, before in my hands, to the Doge, in the name of the italian, greek and slavonic people."

"May 11, 1533 : Poland accepted our generous peace offer. (Krain and Banat to Venice)"

Seeing the success of Venice, and after much negociation, Helvetia agreed to enter the alliance leaded by Venice with Austria and Bavaria.

But there was a lot to expand, and the rivality with Genoa, that opposed the "italian unification under venetian flag" from the beggining, stronger than ever. The Maggior Consiglio decided to put an end in this history. And, this history was beetween Venice and Genoa, no one else, so the Doge didn't call his allies. But the cowards did...

"June 12, 1533 : Venice declared war upon Genoa."
"June 12, 1533 : Ethiopia joined the war on the same side as Genoa, Spain, Trebizond, England and Novgorod in their war against Venice."

The capital, Genova, was soon taken. But the resistence in Corsica proved difficult to break, many incursions needed to finally take the island. The spanish army was a problem in south, but fully occupied, Genoa had to accept give Corsica and all his money to Venice, and with this peace the spanish, the only loyal ally still in the war, stopped fighting in south.

"October 2, 1536 : Venice accepted peace with Genoa on the following terms : Genoa pays 259$ in indemnities. Corsica to Venice."


The religious trouble in Europe became evident, the german nobles being unable to stop the protestants. The following facts show the dimension of the influence that the protestant had.

"May 1, 1535 : Bohemia cancelled the Vassalization she had with Austria."
"May 1, 1535 : Bohemia converts to Protestant."

"June 1, 1536 : England is now the sole defender of the Protestant faith."

Soon, the new protestant king of Bohemia wanted to spread protestant influence to german provinces in south, and helped by Venice, a bloodly war of religion in Germany was trigered.

"January 11, 1536 : Bohemia declared war upon us!"


Even while France was showing she was recoviring her power, the protestant strength overshined the french.

"August 2, 1536 : Denmark became Vassals of France."
"April 1, 1537 : Denmark cancelled the Vassalization she had with France."
"April 1, 1537 : Denmark converts to Protestant."

And, nobody knows how, the bohemian protestant king managed to bring even the pope to his side, and some other strategic allies to fight the catholic power. However, they offered white peace and nothing changed. The pope will have his time... He just wait.

"October 17, 1537 : Croatia joined the war on the same side as Bohemia, England, Scotland and Papal States in their war against Venice."

After the end of this war, the colonisation efforts took priority again. The religion brought more problems... the beggining of English colapse.

"May 1, 1541 : England went bankrupt!"
"September 1, 1541 : England converts to Catholic."
"November 1, 1541 : England went bankrupt!"

And year after year, England went bankrupt a lot of times.


After five years, Genoa still alive, the final act took place and that was the end of Genoa.

"December 3, 1541 : Venice declared war upon Genoa."
"December 3, 1541 : Portugal joined the war on the same side as Genoa, Spain, Trebizond, Novgorod and Ethiopia in their war against Venice."

However, the spaniards weren't ignored this time.

"June 2, 1542 : We have closed our Centers of Trade to the merchants from Spain."

The war ended in two months. Genoa was annexed. Only the pope stood now in the way of Venice as an italian stone in the way. But Venice still had the feeling of vengeance...