I'm new to the forums here and chose an... inconvenient time to join, but the forum is working and It's Our Time to start writing. My first exposure to an AAR was when I was looking for strategies in HoI3 for Italy specifically and naval warfare in general, which I had only bought recently (a few months ago) and instead found a masterpiece, Myth's Explorations In Strategy. That first game I played involved a near loss in Ethiopia, a disastrous attempt to invade the British Isles and the Italian conquest of the Soviet Union and France. But I've learned since then, and what I've learned will hopefully be put to good use here, in my second Italy game.
I'll be writing as a history book/gameplay AAR, using the custom start option and assuming that Il Duce suddenly became competent in the 20's rather than in 1936. I’ll limit myself to staying within reason for the most part, and not, say, demolish the navy and build 50 points of IC. Any reallocated research will be reduced to 1918 levels at the most, and units built earlier, like the ancient elements of the Italian submarine fleet, will be left intact since they were built before the assumed point of divergence. The Italian military will enter 1936 as a small, flawed, but fairly capable force and we'll see where it goes from there.
If you've read Myth’s AAR, Explorations In Strategy, you might notice some similarity in strategy or even writing style, and since I've been rereading it lately it might be bit more of an influence than it'd have been otherwise >_> , but I'll try to avoid coming off as too similar.
And I used a similar strategy from the start when I first played Italy as my first game (...and nearly lost to the Ethiopians because I didn't understand supply and org) besides my use of an unfocused naval strategy that left me at a stalemate in the British Isles (how was I supposed to know battlecruisers were useless? ), at the same time as I stumbled upon his excellent AAR. With that said, I do have a few ideas of my own. Now with that said, let's get on with it, and don't try to crush my spirit too quickly. The first two installments will be a sort of introduction, with the first being an overview of Italy's position and the strategy I'll employ, and the second being a more detailed introduction to the state of the Italian military in 1936. Then, on to Ethiopia!
...
Although Italy had a dominating position in the central Mediterranean, never since the fall of Rome had it been able to exercise its potential for control of this sea; the shortcut to Asia from Europe, and Britain’s lifeline. Italy had been divided, dominated by the new major powers for centuries until relatively recently, and even after being unified it was far from being a great power once again. Its industrial base was dwarfed by that of France and Britain, Austria was protected for the time by Italy and, more importantly, conquering it would bring Italy into conflict with Germany. However, the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the Great War – thanks largely to Italian arms – left a window open in the East.
However, this was barely relevant - Italy’s future as a major power didn’t lay in subjugating neighbors with a vast army, but in the potential of a powerful navy dominating the shipping lanes of the Mediterranean Sea, with the prospect of an Italian maritime focus being made better by the fact the Alps formed a defensive barrier every bit as formidable as the English Channel.
But Italy fared little better at sea than on land – the Italian navy was weaker even than the French fleet, and couldn’t stand against the might of the Royal Navy, who would defend Malta, Cyprus, the Suez Canal and Gibraltar to the last man – assuming the Regia Marina hadn’t been sent to the bottom of the sea before that point. Not only did the British presence deny the Italian navy control of their home sea, but of their freedom of movement – as they controlled the routes in and out of the Mediterranean, Italy’s ability to become anything more than a regional power rested on London. Being able to do so much as keep their East African colonies alive rested on London.
France bore no real animosity to Italy, and when Italian industry was committed to the sea and French to land, the Italian navy would likely surpass the French navy before wartime anyway. Though Germany was a potential world power ruled by an unpredictable madman and a bad author at that, he was a fellow fascist and his primary goals seemed to be defying the status quo and bringing more Germans into the Reich. Not only was he unlikely to be a threat to Italy, but he and Nazi Germany could prove useful. However, the thought that his army would inevitably surpass the Regio Escercito within years of breaking the Versailles treaty was a sobering one.
Beyond those three, the nations of the Balkans were not only unthreatening, but targets that could rectify Italy's economic weakness, and the Soviet Union was unlikely to be any concern for Italy. With any luck, the ‘master race’ would keep their hands full, and vice versa. Italy’s enemy, above all others, would be the United Kingdom.
But how to defeat the United Kingdom was the problem – it already commanded a massive, largely outdated but still powerful Mediterranean Fleet that Italy could never match on a ship to ship basis. And even if it could, as long as England commanded the entrances to the Mediterranean Sea they could cycle out damaged ships with reinforcements from the Far East and Home Fleets. The Regia Marina had no such bottomless reserve of naval power.
The answer to this problem lay in new technology – the airplane. As anyone but the navy old guard could see, one hundred relatively cheap bombers carrying torpedoes could easily sink the battleships that composed so much of the Royal Navy. Large targets – that’s all that battleships were now. Italy lay closer to the key islands and channels of the Mediterranean Sea and enjoyed shorter supply lines than England, so a surprise attack by the army could have a reasonable chance of success in taking the Suez Canal, as well as the enemy airbases and ports.
Depriving the enemy of airfields gave the Regia Marina the means to defeat the carriers of the Royal Navy – carriers could only carry so many aircraft, and control of the airfields on land would give Italy an overwhelming advantage in the battle for air superiority. Without their planes, the carriers could be brought down by bombers or fast, heavily armed cruisers. The survival of the Regia Marina, at least in the first stage of any conflict, would rely upon never engaging the Royal Navy in an even battle, only fighting unbalanced encounters where they enjoyed a clear advantage and could grind the Royal Navy down with a favorable rate of attrition. After the Mediterranean was an Italian lake, it would be time to strike beyond it.
...
Glossary:
Introduction
Italian Strategy And Doctrine
1936
Part I: An Introduction To The Armed Forces Of Italy
Part II: Politics, Technology, And The End Of The Second Italo-Abyssinian War
Part III: A Return To Peace, Preparations For War
1937
Part IV: The Spanish Civil War
Part V: Interlude
1938
Part VI: The Italo-Slavic War, I
Part VII: The Italo-Slavic War, II
Part VIII: The Calm Before The Storm
1939
Part IX: The Storm Rolls In
Part X: War In The Balkans, I
Part XI: War In The Balkans, II
Part XII: War In The Balkans, III
Part XIII: War In The Balkans, IV
Part XIV: War In The Balkans, V
Part XV: Settling Scores
(Still incomplete)
1940
Part XVI: The Order Of Battle And Strategic Position Of The Roman Empire
Part XVII: The Die Is Cast
Part XVIII: The Die Is Cast, II
Part XIX: The Die Is Cast, III
Part XX: The Die Is Cast, IV
Part XXI: The Die Is Cast, V
Part XXII:
Part XXIII:
Part XXIV:
I'll be writing as a history book/gameplay AAR, using the custom start option and assuming that Il Duce suddenly became competent in the 20's rather than in 1936. I’ll limit myself to staying within reason for the most part, and not, say, demolish the navy and build 50 points of IC. Any reallocated research will be reduced to 1918 levels at the most, and units built earlier, like the ancient elements of the Italian submarine fleet, will be left intact since they were built before the assumed point of divergence. The Italian military will enter 1936 as a small, flawed, but fairly capable force and we'll see where it goes from there.
If you've read Myth’s AAR, Explorations In Strategy, you might notice some similarity in strategy or even writing style, and since I've been rereading it lately it might be bit more of an influence than it'd have been otherwise >_> , but I'll try to avoid coming off as too similar.
And I used a similar strategy from the start when I first played Italy as my first game (...and nearly lost to the Ethiopians because I didn't understand supply and org) besides my use of an unfocused naval strategy that left me at a stalemate in the British Isles (how was I supposed to know battlecruisers were useless? ), at the same time as I stumbled upon his excellent AAR. With that said, I do have a few ideas of my own. Now with that said, let's get on with it, and don't try to crush my spirit too quickly. The first two installments will be a sort of introduction, with the first being an overview of Italy's position and the strategy I'll employ, and the second being a more detailed introduction to the state of the Italian military in 1936. Then, on to Ethiopia!
...
Although Italy had a dominating position in the central Mediterranean, never since the fall of Rome had it been able to exercise its potential for control of this sea; the shortcut to Asia from Europe, and Britain’s lifeline. Italy had been divided, dominated by the new major powers for centuries until relatively recently, and even after being unified it was far from being a great power once again. Its industrial base was dwarfed by that of France and Britain, Austria was protected for the time by Italy and, more importantly, conquering it would bring Italy into conflict with Germany. However, the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the Great War – thanks largely to Italian arms – left a window open in the East.
However, this was barely relevant - Italy’s future as a major power didn’t lay in subjugating neighbors with a vast army, but in the potential of a powerful navy dominating the shipping lanes of the Mediterranean Sea, with the prospect of an Italian maritime focus being made better by the fact the Alps formed a defensive barrier every bit as formidable as the English Channel.
But Italy fared little better at sea than on land – the Italian navy was weaker even than the French fleet, and couldn’t stand against the might of the Royal Navy, who would defend Malta, Cyprus, the Suez Canal and Gibraltar to the last man – assuming the Regia Marina hadn’t been sent to the bottom of the sea before that point. Not only did the British presence deny the Italian navy control of their home sea, but of their freedom of movement – as they controlled the routes in and out of the Mediterranean, Italy’s ability to become anything more than a regional power rested on London. Being able to do so much as keep their East African colonies alive rested on London.
France bore no real animosity to Italy, and when Italian industry was committed to the sea and French to land, the Italian navy would likely surpass the French navy before wartime anyway. Though Germany was a potential world power ruled by an unpredictable madman and a bad author at that, he was a fellow fascist and his primary goals seemed to be defying the status quo and bringing more Germans into the Reich. Not only was he unlikely to be a threat to Italy, but he and Nazi Germany could prove useful. However, the thought that his army would inevitably surpass the Regio Escercito within years of breaking the Versailles treaty was a sobering one.
Beyond those three, the nations of the Balkans were not only unthreatening, but targets that could rectify Italy's economic weakness, and the Soviet Union was unlikely to be any concern for Italy. With any luck, the ‘master race’ would keep their hands full, and vice versa. Italy’s enemy, above all others, would be the United Kingdom.
But how to defeat the United Kingdom was the problem – it already commanded a massive, largely outdated but still powerful Mediterranean Fleet that Italy could never match on a ship to ship basis. And even if it could, as long as England commanded the entrances to the Mediterranean Sea they could cycle out damaged ships with reinforcements from the Far East and Home Fleets. The Regia Marina had no such bottomless reserve of naval power.
The answer to this problem lay in new technology – the airplane. As anyone but the navy old guard could see, one hundred relatively cheap bombers carrying torpedoes could easily sink the battleships that composed so much of the Royal Navy. Large targets – that’s all that battleships were now. Italy lay closer to the key islands and channels of the Mediterranean Sea and enjoyed shorter supply lines than England, so a surprise attack by the army could have a reasonable chance of success in taking the Suez Canal, as well as the enemy airbases and ports.
Depriving the enemy of airfields gave the Regia Marina the means to defeat the carriers of the Royal Navy – carriers could only carry so many aircraft, and control of the airfields on land would give Italy an overwhelming advantage in the battle for air superiority. Without their planes, the carriers could be brought down by bombers or fast, heavily armed cruisers. The survival of the Regia Marina, at least in the first stage of any conflict, would rely upon never engaging the Royal Navy in an even battle, only fighting unbalanced encounters where they enjoyed a clear advantage and could grind the Royal Navy down with a favorable rate of attrition. After the Mediterranean was an Italian lake, it would be time to strike beyond it.
...
Glossary:
Introduction
Italian Strategy And Doctrine
1936
Part I: An Introduction To The Armed Forces Of Italy
Part II: Politics, Technology, And The End Of The Second Italo-Abyssinian War
Part III: A Return To Peace, Preparations For War
1937
Part IV: The Spanish Civil War
Part V: Interlude
1938
Part VI: The Italo-Slavic War, I
Part VII: The Italo-Slavic War, II
Part VIII: The Calm Before The Storm
1939
Part IX: The Storm Rolls In
Part X: War In The Balkans, I
Part XI: War In The Balkans, II
Part XII: War In The Balkans, III
Part XIII: War In The Balkans, IV
Part XIV: War In The Balkans, V
Part XV: Settling Scores
(Still incomplete)
1940
Part XVI: The Order Of Battle And Strategic Position Of The Roman Empire
Part XVII: The Die Is Cast
Part XVIII: The Die Is Cast, II
Part XIX: The Die Is Cast, III
Part XX: The Die Is Cast, IV
Part XXI: The Die Is Cast, V
Part XXII:
Part XXIII:
Part XXIV:
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