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Muhammad XIV 1596-1645

The rider dismounted and bowed before the governor of the Frontiers of Fez, Ali Ibn Khawajah. He was obviously unhappy about something.
"A rider on a camel came out of the desert yesterday," he said, "and brought news from Moulay Nadruddin in the mountains, the enemy of the Turks..."
He seemed reluctant to speak.
"Tell me the news," the official replied, beginning to suspect it was not good.
"He brought with him a sack. He spoke some words and then rode away before we could converse with him."
"A sack?"
"At first," said the messenger, "we hoped that it contained gifts of some kind. That it might be a way of showing that... but no, it did not."
"What was in the sack?" asked Ali Ibn Khawajah
"A terrible thing, sir, a terrible thing!" came the reply, "In the sack were nine severed heads. The head of our emissaries, all of them, God have mercy upon them, I hope their deaths were not painful..."
"You are saying," the other said, "that Moulay Nasruddin has murdered them all?"
The messenger nodded.
"These were good men. Well liked and favoured by the King. He will be angry. Many people will be angry, and their anger will fall on the head of this bandit in the mountains! Ride on to Fez, and publish the news. Make sure everyone hears."
Ali Ibn Khawajah turned away. The messenger was given a fresh horse and did as he was instructed.


Muhammad XIV ascended his grandfather's throne at the age of twenty three, two years after his father's death and his reign was to last almost fifty years. Throughout his long reign he struggled to centralise power at the expense of local governors, often playing them off against the merchant class in the cities, always making sure no-one but himself ended up with their authority enhanced. The policy was a failure in Porto, however, where the Christian nobility revolted and seized control of the town, defeated a royal expedition at the battle of Vieira do Minho and held the city for several months before another expedition was sent against them. The rebel army was beaten in the field as the Granadans crossed the Douro and the city sent word asking for help from the King of Portugal. The surrender of the city to Portugal was a fait accompli; Muhammad did not want to risk losing any of his colonies and resigned himself to the city's loss. The union with the crown of Asturias in 1620 extended Portuguese power further.
The expanding colonies in the West Indies served Granada well in 1614 when the Aztec Emperor Ocelopan Abdullah called for help in a war against the Mayans and Tlaxcalans. Wary of the trouble that had been caused for his grandfather, Muhammad avoided any movement in the direction of calling a jihad and went to war simply in the name of honouring his alliances. Troops were now able to be raised on the island of Cuba itself as well as transported more quickly across the Atlantic, but nevertheless the war proved very costly to Granada's finances. The influential nobles agitated against the war and used this as an excuse to try and win more or less feudal privileges in some cases. In 1617 when the King attempted to levy extra taxes, a gathering of provincial governors met and refused to obey, citing both legal and relgious reasons for their defiance. Faced with this, Muhammad opted for his usual policy of playing off one side against the other: he backed down over taxation, but invited the governors to join with him in denouncing various magnates whose schemes threatened both their authority and that of the royal government. The so-called Red List was produced and some important nobles, both Muslim and Christian, were arrested and executed. The war drew to a close the following year with Mayan defeat gaining Granada important footholds in Central America on the edge of their territory.
Two more minor wars followed. In the first, Granadan troops became involved in a Catalan - Castilian conflict: Barcelona was captured but the war soon simply ground to a halt without any major shifts in the balance of power. The second followed a successful rebellion in the Atlas Mountains by Berber tribal chiefs against the Ottoman bey in Algiers, led by Moulay Nasruddin. Granada sent an emissary to them, but for reasons which are not altogether clear the mission went badly and in 1623 the rebels returned the severed heads of the delegation. This provoked outrage, and Granada sent troops into the mountains to besiege and capture the stronghold of Moulay Nasruddin. After several weeks of siege it fell, and the Berber leaders were captured and executed as bandits. Despite a rising the following year, Granada remained in firm control of the region.
Towards the end of Muhammad's reign, contact seemed to be lost with the Central American colony of Matagalba which had been established after the Mayan war. It was later discovered a native attack had wiped out the entire settlement. Relations with the native peoples had until this point been good, but this situation was to change. A punitive expedition left Cuba commanded by Idris bin Idris in 1643. Over the next few months his troops indiscriminately attacked native settlements: at least 1,500 were killed and a similar number captured and sold into slavery. A new colony was established in 1645, defended by several hundred troops.

As you may have guessed, I'm concentrating on the Centralisation and Free Trade sliders now, while slowly colonising the West Indies. The Iberian penninsula is fairly quiet for the moment and I decide to send a Missionary to Oporto. What happens to the mission will determine what I do next - Navarre, which was still owned by Asturias has revolted away and captured their other province. There is no way that Asturias, because it has such a small navy, will ever get it back, but because Navarre has no ports, they can't build any ships and attack Galicia, so the war will go on and on forever with no battles actually fought, but an occupied province keeping it going. Before long, Havana has our first colonial city, Diyar al Mu'minin (which I hope is Arabic for "abodes of the faithful") and after a burned trading post setback, colonisation of Cuba continues. The missionary fails and Oporto revolts. What I decide to do is let it leave to tidy up the map: it should defect to Portugal which will then annex one province Asturias. The only expansion I'm going to will be in the direction of Valencia, whose capital is now rebel held again because of their habit of putting their entire army in the Balearic Islands. Sure enough, Porto defects and Portugal now has a border with Asturias.
Meanwhile, having abandoned all my other allies, the Aztecs ask for help against the Maya and I send some men from Cuba and across the Atlantic. Again, attrition and combats against huge armies take their toll, but after a while we've done sufficient damage to force them to surrender - the Aztecs get a couple of provinces and I get a city in Honduras and a colony in Costa Rica - the Maya must have had a random conquistador at some point. An Explorer, Adrar, appears in 1619 who can be used to fill in some of those annoying dark blobs in the stolen Portuguese maps - and speaking of the Portuguese they diplo-annex one province Asturias in 1620. The war with the Maya cost loads of money and we got no indemnities. No wonder there was a political crisis.
Abroad, can you believe it - the government of Austria collapses! Hungary and Bohemia both declare independence, and Bohemia is rather large and has a CoT. Looks like the Catholics just lost the 30 years war in this alternate history! Not long afterwards the Netherlands forms. I slow down colonisation to save up for a Refinery in Andalusia, which gets completed in 1625. Algeria is always rebelling against the Ottoman Empire. Before long, the two mountain provinces have declared independence and the OE invades them. They capture one but their army attritions away so it's too small to capture the other. While this is happening I find myself getting involved in another Castillian-Catalan war but in the end take some money and walk away. During the war I get a Diplomatic Insult from the new Algeria and decide to use it as an excuse to grab some more territory and declare war on them.
Can a colony be massacred? I thought that only happened to traders... anyway, my colony in Nicaragua is wiped out. I cull the natives and send in more colonists, the second attempt succeeding. The rest of Spain goes to war again and the OE and Austria carve up Hungary.
 

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Diyar Al-Muminin is correct :) wonderful work!I tip my hate for your accomplishments :D
 

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Wow, this is a really nice AAR. Keep it up!
 

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Ahmed II 1645-1670 and Ahmed III 1670-1694

On the edge of the market, two men sat and drank coffee, which had recently become very fashionable.
"So, is the king going to die?" wondered the first.
The other took a drink before replying, "Soon, I fear. I hear rumours from the servants in the palace. They say his majesty is now confined to his bed. He tosses and turns and screams mad things from time to time. They say he also has a fever."
"His wife of course, poisoned him. The damage was done a long time ago."
The second man stroked his beard. He looked up at the sky. The sun was sinking low. Before long the muezzin would be heard.
"Ah, so some say. That was a long time ago, when we were only boys... and now, I think I have grey hairs in this beard. A pity the next in line to the throne..." his voice dropped a little lower, "...is not a wiser and more courageous man. He will do, but we must hope God does not see fit to put our new sovereign to the test."
"Perhaps," said the first man, "it is a sign that no harm is to befall us?"
"We can only hope that this is true," replied his friend, finishing his coffee.


After an early crisis provoked by an alleged plot led by his wife Zeinab, the twenty-five year reign of Ahmed II is notable as a period of peace and consolidation. The administration was reformed and control by central government tightened. Both the power of the provincial officials and the religious establishment were reigned in. Abroad, colonists and merchant associations were encouraged as taxes and state control of mercantile activity were slackened. They were anxious times for those at court, however, as Ahmed seemed to suffer periodically from a brain disorder and sometimes would become feverishly excitable, almost to the point of madness. The final period of this alleged insanity was to kill him.
As Granada's power and presence in the New World grew a new culture began to take shape in the Carribean and coast of Central America out of Arab and Berber colonists and Islamised native peoples. Known as the Rawakin, these people dominated trade in the Caribbean under the sovereignty of the Kings of Granada. The explorations of Yusuf Tugurt revealed the interior of North America for the first time and he sent back descriptions of the Grand Canyon which he reached in 1672; a few years later Muhammad Ali Jem's expedition crossed the Pacific from Central America and reached Indonesia.
Ahmed III was a weak, indecisive and not very intelligent man. Although his failings were often more than made up for by the ministries of Ali Yaqub Badawi and Yusuf Abd ar-Rahman, he showed poor judgement in openly siding with favourites in a dispute between the Al Tahiri and Hamuda families, resulting in outright insurrection in the Algarve by Al Tahiri supporters. He also twice allowed himself to be drawn into two wars in support of the Aztecs against the neighbouring Maya with little gain for his kingdom apart from a ransom paid to release the Mayan royal family when their capital, Tikal, fell. Nevertheless, progress was steady as the administration was improved and wealthy flowed into the state coffers from trade.

More Centralisation! More Innovativeness! Less Mercantilism! These are more or less the most exciting things that happen during the Reign of Ahmed II apart from 2 temporary insanities and a political crisis. Carry on with colonisation and stay out of alliances with distant Central Asians who would drag me into pointless wars and make me pay indemnities to Russia, Tibet, Ruritania or someone. All Cuba, Jamaica, Honduras, Curacao, Puerto Rico and Costa Rica are cities with tax collectors at Ahmed's death - which happens during a period of temporary insanity. Ahmed III sane is almost as useless as Ahmed II mad...
Ahmed III gets two Excellent Ministers to help offset his bungling. I reach Baroque levels in both Land and Naval. Most other events are mildly favourable - things like Internal Trade Ordinance and Agricultural Revolution. The only nasty is the feuding nobles which gives me a double revolt in the Algarve. The cost of rebuilding the lost troops is less than the 100 it would have cost to prevent it, however. Two wars with the Maya help add a couple of hundred more to the treasury, spent on Governors, since I've been at Infra 5 for a few years by now. By the time useless Ahmed dies, monthly income is positive since there are enough of them to offset the inflation effect. At last Granada looks like getting rich. The Victory Points aren't up to much though - not only do I have only half as many as France, I'm not even the best Muslim country, outstripped by both the OE and the remarakably successful Mughals who've managed to reconquer most of Persia and avoid the worst effects of Aurangzeb annoying everyone.
Elsewhere, France is doing reasonably well - as you'd expect with no Spain to worry about, England average, Russia okay, Poland better than expected and Sweden (never used Gustavus Adolphus, then as soon as he's dead Denmark and Russia join forces to carve them up) and Austria (government fell which lost them Bohemia and Hungary) both very badly. As the 17th century draws to a close, a coaliton of Russia, Poland and Austria is giving the OE a good kicking. I can't see getting involved in any wars will help me at all. I could go and beat up the Navaho for some money - but soon I'll have more than I can spend anyway. Portugal still has a much larger navy than I do, Valencia is allied to France and in any case has 34,000 men in mountain islands, which would be much more trouble than it's worth to capture. If I want to throw the Turks out of Algeria I'll need to wait until I'm a couple of CRTs ahead because their manpower is so much greater.
 
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X, A, and B? Very mysterious.

I am enjoying the style. Three writing styles combined into one.
 

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Can we see what New Granada looks like? :D

Also, your monarchs do seem to have a habit of going completely mad. Is there something in the water?
 

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1725 Screenshot. Granada is dark green. You can probably guess who the other countries are.
1725col.jpg
 

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On we go with the next (not very) thrilling instalment:

Muhammad XV 1694-1741

The English soldiers, sweating and tired after marching in their red jackets, looked strange as they made their way through the African savannah. All of a sudden, someone spotted another troop moving across their line of sight, away to the North, in the distance. As the column halted and prepared to make camp, a young soldier turned to an older companion.
"Those over there, Davey, 'oo are those? They don't like any of our boys..."
"Right enough, me bucko," came the reply, "Them there ain't ours. Them's yer actual Saracens, like ye might 'ave 'eard stories of. Them's men from Andalucy and Morocco, them is. Didn't think to be seein' 'em down 'ere so soon."
"Friend or foe?" asked the young soldier.
"Well, they ain't foes, not at the moment, seein' as yer brown 'eathen don't much care for yer black 'eathen, so I'm told. And seein' as they're at war with the Frenchies they can't be so bad."
Not so far away, two others were having a similar conversation.
"You have heard it said, Yusuf, the enemy of my enemy is my friend? That would make those men in red our friends, for now, at least."
"Who are they?"
"Those are the English. They are Christians, but it is more for the sake of trade than for God that we find them here fighting the evil Ashanti. Also, they do not much care for our enemies, the treacherous French, or for the Valencians and Italians. We will let each other pass by."


Muhammad XV found himself drawn into two wars and avoided a third. In the South, the rising kingdom of the Ashanti had conquered the Muslim state of Songhai which was now in rebellion. The Ashanti were already in a war against England and now Muhammad sent his forces across the Sahara to capture the Muslim cities of the Sahel. They withdrew after a short campaign which secured victory for the restored Songhai state. However, while the armies campaigned in Africa, more serious conflict errupted closer to home.
King Louis XIV of France was known to covet Granada's Caribbean possessions, and in 1698 French intrigues resulted in a war between France's ally, Valencia and Granada. French forces lost no time in seizing control of Jamaica and Curacao where the tiny garrisons had no hope of resisting. French troops were defeated, however, attempting to invade Central America by land and the Canary Islands by sea and Granada scored a significant naval victory in the Straits of Gibraltar which resulted in French failure to capture Tangiers. The recapture of Jamaica and the capture of the city of Valencia doomed the enterprise. Granada's colonial hegemony in the Caribbean survived the war intact.
Perhaps even more significant was the war into which Granada entered twenty years later. Already Ottoman influence in North Africa was dwindling with the Bey of Algiers effectively independent from Constantinople, military reverses suffered against Tunis and rebellion in Tripoli being suppressed only with difficulty. Only the port of Oran and the surrounding district remained under direct Turkish rule. On the Islamised East Coast of Africa, known as Zanj, Turkish hegemony had gradually displaced that of the Omanis, but in 1717 an insurrection threw out the Ottoman bey and installed a native ruler. With Granadan traders and explorers again active in Africa, the new nation appealed to Granada for help and in 1718 Muhammad XV declared war against the Ottoman Empire. The war exposed the backwardness and poor leadership of the Ottoman forces. Granada's navy, smaller than that of its opponent, mauled the Turkish fleets continually along the Atlantic coast and in the Mediterranean. An Ottoman assault on Murcia failed and a second force failed to support the Murcian expedition, resulting in both expeditions being wiped out. Granada's forces invaded and captured Oran which the Ottoman Turks were obliged to cede in the subsequent Peace of Marrakech. With Ottoman annexation of Tunis, the Bey of Algiers' independence proved short lived; he was replaced by a cousin of the Sultan in 1734, although sporadic revolts in the Atlas Mountains and in Tunis continued.
Muhammad died at the age of 78 in 1741, having reigned forty-five years, to be succeeded by his son of the same name, aged 37. By this time, Arab and Rawakin settlers were beginning to penetrate inland into North America.

Songhai gets annexed again, this time by Ashanti. Since they're already at war with England, I'm able to intervene and help my fellow Muslims, capturing Timbuktu, Bure and Gao with not much difficulty. Moving further south causes insane levels of attrition, though, and since Songhai is about to revolt away anyway, I simply sign a white peace and let the rebels do the job for me. As the war is progressing, suddenly I get a DoW from Valencia, which looks like suicide until I notice that France is in their alliance - aargh! In fact, so are Genoa and Tuscany, but they don't bother to actually do anything. I don't bother calling my ally, the Aztecs, because they obviously wouldn't stand a chance. It's almost like France planned this - they quickly seize Jamaica and Curacao and start burning down my trading posts. This is really annoying. They try landing small forces in Spain and Morocco, but I'm able to mop these up because although my armies are worse than France's at sea my navy is superior in spite of its smaller size. The French leave Jamaica, allowing me to recapture it, and then I overwhelm Valencia's small army (they've still got most of it in the Balearics - idiots) to capture their capital which allows me to impose peace for 50d before French military power really makes itself felt and something horrible happens. Phew.
Colonisation carries on in the Mexico-Texas coast between the Aztecs and the French TP in Louisiana, and by 1708 I have a city in Matagorda. The Spaniards fight yet another war, this one resulting in Navarre grabbing Cantabria. Having grabbed all their other provinces Austria annexes Bohemia in one last war and the OE goes for Venice (and loses) while Russia takes territory from Poland. Colonisation is more or less all that happens until 1718 when Zanj invites me to join in against the OE and new vassal Algiers, who are already at war with Tunisia and the Mughals. This allows me to completely humiliate the backward, 3 Combat tables behind Turkish navy and capture Oran. They end up with a really bad war score and offer it on a plate - this also means I overtake the OE in Victory Points. I can also sit back and watch my hi-tech vassal, Mali, slap the annoying Ashanti around a bit.
Now that all navies can explore, I get military access from Aceh and start snooping around the Indian Ocean and plant small colonies in Mahe and Samar, one of the Philippine islands. Expansion into Texas continues. For a while I have to stop minting money because of a burning manufactory (two of them, in fact) which needs saving with inflation. The conquest of Bohemia means the Big White Blob soon resumes normal service, fighting France to a standstill and getting Silesia back from Brandenburg. Next the OE force annexes Tunisia, which gives them a land border with Algiers which it soon after diplo-annexes, which historically is a bit stupid, but anyway, we all know the diplo-annexation rules leave something to be desired. The Mughals get into trouble as well, with revolts everywhere, but none of the revolters defect to Persia, which might alter the balance; instead they mostly form one province minors with big "Annex Me" signs on them. Eire revolts away from France, but it's soon reduced to a two province vassal by a 50,000 strong French army. Most of Italy is now controlled by Siena.
 

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Neat, an Atlantic-spanning war with France and the decline and fall of the Ottoman Empire...

I must say that this AAR's excellent in the fact that it has managed to keep its feet on the ground while sailing through the sky. That is, this isn't a Granada WC. ;)
 

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Muhammad XVI 1741-1773

Admiral Siddiqi shouted and waved his arms.
"Four times! No less than four times! Cowards! They are unworthy even to be slaves!"
"The boats are leaving for shore, sir," said the junior officer.
"Very well, the cowards are attempting a fifth attack. I think we know how it will end - with them turning around again. How many rebels are there? A hundred? Not even that. How many men did we arrive with? Nearly two thousand. Half of them have deserted... the better among them are with the martyred dead."
Admiral Siddiqi strode over to the side to watch the boats laden with soldiers heading for the shore. As he watched, there was soon consternation on board the landing craft as cannon shot began to land nearby.
"Return fire, all ships," he said, "although it's doubtful we'll hit anything at this distance. We don't want these rebels to have it all their own way."
Then a sneer came to his lips.
"There they go. Soon they'll return, like kicked dogs."
He turned to another officer and commanded, "All ships weigh anchor. Prepare to sail out of the harbour and make for Ajeh!"
The officer was puzzled for a second and asked about the troops who were landing. Siddiqi simply said, "This will be their last attack. This time, let them be victorious, or let them die like the cowardly dogs they are. We are running low enough on supplies."


Much of the unrest that his father had stored up, by refusing demands for a representative body in government, Muhammad XVI was not able to contain. Bandits seized control of the Atlas mountains for several years. There were native uprisings among the Coahuiltec and notoriously in Samar where rebels obtained guns from the Portuguese and seized control of Takluban harbour. A force of nearly two thousand troops from Central America was sent across the Pacific. The Takluban Disaster involved no less than five sorties from the ships being repulsed by a small number of rebels. After the final attempt, the fleet was ordered to leave and abandon the troops to their fate. All were massacred. The following year a smaller force arrived and defeated the rebellion. The translation of Voltaire's Lettres Philosophiques and other works into Arabic aroused hostility among Muslim scholars who condemned them and other works by French and English thinkers, but the King refused to ban them.
The shame of the Takluban Disaster was soon forgotten, however. For centuries the various states in Northern Spain had warred with each other, with territory changing hands back and forth. By 1755, Castile was greatly reduced in size by Catalonian attacks, and found itself invaded by its northern neighbour again. The king appealed to Muhammad, who answered by intervening on Castile's side. This time his forces covered themselves in glory: decisively at Cogolludo - where a modest force defended Madrid against an invading army three times its size - and at sea at Columbretes where the meagre Catalan fleet was completely destroyed. Granadan forces marched on Barcelona, ensuring that the victory went to Castile. Before long, however, there was renewed unrest at home as the so called "Eight Hundred Men" protest demanded elected local officials - something the King would not sanction.

Muhammad XVI isn't very good. For some reason there are several revolts early in his reign - always in mountains or distant islands where it's very hard to defeat rebels. Although the previous king got nobles demanding rights, they're really due to random revolts and rebels crossing borders. Unhappy clergy is another event. After all this, Catalunya, having just fought Navarre again, declares war on Castile, which is now down to a single province. Since they've no allies, I decide to sort these warmongering Catalans out once and for all, and attack them for declaring war on my vassal. They are easy meat, thanks to my CRT advantages - their tiny navy is blown out of the water in a couple of battles and their army doesn't fare much better. Satisfied that they are at Castile's mercy, I leave the war for just over 100d and go back to colonising. Before long, Navarre joins in as well and Castille grabs back Leon, along with Asturias and Aragon. Cities Demand Old Rights appears. For some reason, Poland gets a civil war as everyone else decides to partition it. Denmark is on an annexing spree, swallowing Mecklenburg and Bremen. I'm now starting to colonise the Philippines seriously, moving into Luzon. I also have a TP in Taiwan.
 

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Awesome way how you described that Admiral's frustration. This AAR's written very well, and is very compact, without droning on as some others are prone to do. Skipping through the ages, showing a glimpse of the lives of your citizens.
 

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The final instalment.

Moulay Ahmed 1773-1798, Republic 1798-1820

King Moulay Ahmed had been sitting and eating alone at a small decorated table. Suddenly, he found himself surrounded by armed men who had appeared seemingly from nowhere. There was no sign of the guards at the door. The intruders wore the usual infantry soldier's uniform, of more than one regiment, but each also had a sash over his shoulder in three colours; red, white and blue.
"Who are you? What is the meaning of this?" he said, with as much dignity and restraint as he could manage.
"We are the representatives of the people!" one of the men said.
"The people," said the king, "need no representation unless it is in our royal personage, whose duty is govern..."
"Silence!" said another soldier. He raised a pistol and pointed it at the king's head.
Startled, King Moulay Ahmed fell silent for a moment before continuing, "whose duty is to govern according to the will of God..."
Another man raised a pistol.
"You are our last king," he said, "this much is already decided. Whether your reign ends in your execution like Louis of France or in voluntary exile is for you to determine. Come with us."
The King rose and had little choice but to be escorted wherever in his own palace the men chose to take him. It was better to be silent, for now. Before long this attempt would surely end in disaster and he would see them all beheaded.
The soldiers brought him into one of the larger chambers. There were more soldiers and two men, not in uniform, but wearing the same tricolour sashes, stood shoulder to shoulder, seemingly their leaders. One he did not recognise, the other was a former civil servant, Abdul Hamid Sa'id, whom he remembered dismissing personally from his post.
The positions were reversed.


Muhammad XVI left no sons when he died and the throne passed to his son-in-law, an army officer, Moulay Ahmed Amazin. He was naturally interested in military matters and was quick to intervene on the side of the Songhai when Benin again invaded. The result was a peace settlement in their favour, but the price Songhai had to pay was effective reduction to complete dependency on Granada - another colony in all but name.
Moulay Ahmed was a reactionary by instinct. He refused to consider any reforms which seemed to his mind to undermine royal authority. His intransigence provoked near civil war in the American provinces, where radicals looked to the United States as an example. This attitude was eventually to have dire consequences for the monarchy in Granada as events in France were to inspire his opponents to action: before long the new French Republic found itself at war with Austria. French arms were spectacularly successful, and their arrival at the gates of Vienna in 1798 was applauded by the radical reformers in Granada. In September of that year, they launched a coup, stormed the palace and forced Moulay Ahmed to abdicate at gunpoint. He escaped and fled to Morocco from where he attempted to raise an army to restore him to power, but the revolutionary forces defeated him and forced him into exile.
The men who had seized power were of varying shades of opinion; some were simply concerned that the monarchy was inefficient and backward looking and wanted modernity and efficiency, but power was in the hands of more radical thinkers who were inspired by the ideals of the French Revolution. The new government was headed by Abdul Hamid Sa'id. It abolished slavery and undertook a complete revision of the law, replacing the Shari'a law with a constitution known as the "1167 Statutes". In religious matters, the orthodox Sunni doctrine which had so long held sway were declared obsolete for a new era and a new era of ijtihad, critical examination of the Quran and other sources, officially inaugurated. This led to a wave to radical religious ideas and resulting turmoil. In Fez, where religious traditions were strongest, fights were reported outside mosques culminating in riots. Among the religious radicals, Abdel Suarez proclaimed that the message of Islam was simply social equality while Moulay Walid Idrissi declared that the Quran was symbolic and beyond human understanding and therefore good and evil could only be determined by reason. Similar moves to break with orthodoxy were instituted among the Christian and Jewish populations.
The instability of the early years receded before long, as it became evident that the traditionalists were no longer in a position to impose their authority with the new government taking the other side. This left Granada on the side of France and its allies in the ongoing struggle between reaction and reform.
In 1808 Granada entered the ongoing war between Venice, supported by Sweden, and Austria. Troops were sent to relieve the Austrian siege of Ragusa and were successful. It was evident that Austria was still reeling from defeat by France; its remaining forces were poorly equipped, badly led and disorganised. Driving the Austrians out of Dalmatia, Granada's forces advanced to join the Swedes in capturing Trieste and drove Austrian forces out of the Venetian hinterland. Reinforcements arriving, they then advanced into Croatia before turning north, threatening Vienna itself. Despite defeat at Stockerau, the army retreated and regrouped, returning to besiege and capture Vienna itself. As a result, the Austrians were obliged to recognise the independence of Croatia and shortly afterwards Bavarian independence was also re-established as the Habsburg dominions threatened to disintegrate. This was to be the last and most spectacular occasion when the Kingdom of Granada played a decisive role in European affairs. The new republics had proved to the world that a new era was dawning.

graflag.jpg


The flag of the new republic

The first years are quiet but before long, revolts start to break out in Mexico, as well as in Antigua and Mahe. Luzon becomes a (quite large) city. Benin and Ashanti, with their oversized armies, start beating up Songhai again, at one point controlling all its provinces. I invite them to an alliance and declare war, defeating Benin and forcing them to pay indemnities. Songhai is diplo-vassalised at the end of the war, which is just as well because Songhai can't fight its way out of a paper bag if left alone. Abroad, the USA forms, France has its revolution and England force annexes Scotland and forms GB. Very little else happens in Granada. Russia invades Poland and France goes to war with Austria, scoring some spectacular successes and Vienna falls in 1798. However, the French start losing lots of colonies to rebels, and Quebec forms.
I don't have "Republic" as a monarch, but I'd kept getting Petitions for Redress and Unhappy people of various sorts. As France completely rolls over Austria, I decide to have some fun with a revolution of my own. Using the "Robespierre" cheat I shift Innovativeness up and Aristocracy and Serfdom down for 4 stab hits. A few rebels appear but they're soon mopped up. Elsewhere in the world, Louisiana is sold by France to the USA, Russia invades Poland, the Polish government falls, Russia invades again and defeats a Polish-Prussian alliance. Rebellions break out all over Denmark, putting them in serious trouble. Europe becomes divided into two camps - France, Sweden, Venice and Tuscany on one side and Austria and some other weird allies (including the Shawnee...) on the other. Nobody likes the Big White Blob, so I decide to join the Franco-Swedish axis. The Austrians are rubbish, as they often are towards the end of the game. For some reason they keep throwing small all-cavalry armies at me in mountains and forests. While this might work in the 16th century, in 1810 it's a doomed strategy. My combined infantry, cavalry and cannon just massacre them. I save Ragusa, liberate Dalmatia, help the Swedes capture Istria and then lift the siege in Venice before moving on the capture Croatia and Krain, Odenburg and then Vienna itself. The Austrians have run out of money - I can't demand any at all in the peace. From then on there's nothing to do but release Croatia as a vassal and watch everything else with interest. France is completely unassailable. Austria is in trouble again - this time against Russia. Britain and Prussia are at war and that's the way it stays until the game ends. In this version of history, Napoleon wins and doesn't make himself emperor, otherwise the absence of Spain is the only unusual feature in Europe - in America, of course, Argentina a British, Canada French and we have a Muslim Mexico. ;)

And that's the end of this AAR.


tehluser.jpg

France wins. By quite a lot.

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Europe and N Africa in 1820
 
Last edited:

unmerged(17581)

AARlander
Jun 12, 2003
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*Applauds

A great ending to a great AAR. Huzzah!