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jju_57

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It seems like we have 3 different discussions here: How money is represented in-game (HoI 3) and how it was respresented irl and how it should be respresented in HoI 4. I have the impression that people are not reading eachothers posts and therefor fail to understand what the other is saying and stubbornly stick to their opinions.

I'm not going to pretend I'm an economist or that I have the least of understanding how it worked IRL. What I do know is that in HoI 3 money was so abstracted that even a 10 year old could understand. That being said, on the subject of 'money should be better respresented in-game', I agree. However, within the current time frame of the game (+- 10 years?), there is no way that you can simulate an accurate debt system without abstraction in one way or the other.

So the question is, and also the original question of this topic, how should money be simulated in HoI4? By keeping in mind the game mechanics and time frame of the game. Now, the mechanics are still subject to speculation, since we haven't had a DD about it yet.

That is why I preface my comments and relate it to the game. Money is important in the real world. But we don't need to argue about economic systems.

My whole point was that money is not important to the game since the game was limited to WW2. And during the war there is no historical proof that money was important. Before the war yes. After the war, sure. During the war, no way. Every country did whatever they could to win. Money was not a factor in any decision they made to win the war, outside of allowing their allies to run up debt so they wouldn't have to worry about resources.

And I could not think of a single way that you could make money important in the game. Especially since some countries really didn't care about paying for their stuff anyway.
 

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- Its not represented in hoi4.
- I dont think it was really a concern for any nation in the war. UK got basically infinite loans etc. I cant find the quote by churchill atm, but basically win the war and worry later. Nobody is goign to pay anything back during the games timeframe etc (if the game started in 1920s I think money would have been a very important mechanic)
- carry on your interesting discussion :)
Yeah I suspected this since I've not seen a little $ sign anywhere on the interface in the screenshots we've seen so far. I suppose better to take it out than have it half way represented and without real meaning to gameplay.

Edit: I suppose this means trade is abstracted and will be more like HOI 2?
 

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I note you didn't provide any proof but I can easily provide proof.

US Manhattan project. Debt ran up by all countries. Germany increasing war output as war went on. No budget constraints on any of these things.
Debt went up but it wasn't an unlimited increase in spending
Hitler stopped all new weapons/arms development after the fall of France because of budget deficit
Mussolini didn't modernize the army for the same reason.

About the MYTH of the Manhattan project it was just a fraction of the total war expenditure see here http://www.brookings.edu/about/projects/archive/nucweapons/manhattan


ISorry but your answer is rally silly at best. You buy only if you can get it delivered.

And I noticed you still can't answer any of my challenges to you. That says it all right there.
As usual people like you cannot carry on a discussion without insulting. You don't understand the basics: first you must a agree a price (the cost of lost cargoes is included in the final price) and then you arrange for the delivery.
 

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My whole point was that money is not important to the game since the game was limited to WW2. And during the war there is no historical proof that money was important. Before the war yes. After the war, sure. During the war, no way. Every country did whatever they could to win.

No. Hitler paid a lot of attention to the well-being of the german civilian population, even during the late war, because he remembered the food shortage of the end of WW1 and its impact in the population. Also, the US governement simply couldn't have squeezed its population soviet-style.
 

jju_57

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Debt went up but it wasn't an unlimited increase in spending
Hitler stopped all new weapons/arms development after the fall of France because of budget deficit

What? No jets? No Maus? No V2's? No STG44's?

I knew aliens gave him that stuff. At least this must be your explanation since Germany didn't do it because of budgets. BTW can you provide a single link to a single speech or document that supports this?


About the MYTH of the Manhattan project it was just a fraction of the total war expenditure see here http://www.brookings.edu/about/projects/archive/nucweapons/manhattan
Everything is just a fraction of the total by definition. Point is the a-bomb was not stopped because of money budgets. Neither was the VT-fuse. In fact nothing was.

As usual people like you cannot carry on a discussion without insulting. You don't understand the basics: first you must a agree a price (the cost of lost cargoes is included in the final price) and then you arrange for the delivery.
You miss the concept that NONE of the material will ever get to you because it will be stopped. Why do you think Germany never traded with countries like Argentina? Because there was NO WAY to ship the stuff. Reality comes first even before price negotiation.

No. Hitler paid a lot of attention to the well-being of the german civilian population, even during the late war, because he remembered the food shortage of the end of WW1 and its impact in the population. Also, the US governement simply couldn't have squeezed its population soviet-style.

And please tell me how money lead to the well-being of the population? Food shortages in Germany happened and to limit them others (in places we can't mention) didn't get any food. has nothing to do with money.

As for the US I guess you didn't realize there were ration cards then? There were war donations of rubber, metal etc. And the famous war bonds.

But I once again challenge all of you to name just one single division that wasn't created, ship that wasn't built, plane that wasn't built or research project that didn't happened because of the lack of money. There were none. many things didn't happen because of no man power, scientists with the right knowledge, natural resources etc. but nothing due to lack of money.
 

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I have to ask what may seem like a really stupid question.

It's been years since I took economics, but are we talking about money as currency? As in, a medium of exchange used to facilitate market transactions? Or are we talking about money as wealth? As in, the value of goods and services relative to whatever measure we are using?

Because if we are talking about money as currency, I don't see how useful it is for it to be in the game beyond what HOI3 does with trade.

If we are talking about wealth in terms of the value of goods and services, then the game already has that with IC, resources, and manpower. Each country can only get a finite amount of goods and services out of its economy per day.

And the consumer goods slider, for all the hate some people had of it, measured what was effectively the tax burden on the people versus how much they would be willing to tolerate. Taxes don't have to come in the form of money; rationing during the war was an effective tax.
 

frolix42

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I dont think it was really a concern for any nation in the war. UK got basically infinite loans etc. I cant find the quote by churchill atm, but basically win the war and worry later. Nobody is goign to pay anything back during the games timeframe etc (if the game started in 1920s I think money would have been a very important mechanic)

Who would say such a thing to Hitler? The contrast in wealth between the Axis and Allies is a defining characteristic of WW2. Money was an absolutely dire concern for Germany both externally (How do we pay Sweden + Romania for their resources?) and internally (how do we keep the basic necessities affordable for our population?).

No. Hitler paid a lot of attention to the well-being of the german civilian population, even during the late war, because he remembered the food shortage of the end of WW1 and its impact in the population. Also, the US governement simply couldn't have squeezed its population soviet-style.

I like your brevity. Simply, Money = Resources.

It's been years since I took economics, but are we talking about money as currency? As in, a medium of exchange used to facilitate market transactions? Or are we talking about money as wealth? As in, the value of goods and services relative to whatever measure we are using?

I think those things can't really be divorced. You had Germany forced to make strategically disastrous trades, selling machine tools to the Soviet Union '40 - '41 in order to obtain currency, because they couldn't afford to buy oil otherwise. General Halder, in 1941 as he was overseeing the buildup toward Barbarossa, witnessed equipment for the manufacture of armaments flowing across the border to the east and pitched a fit to Hitler.
 
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jju_57

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Who would say such a thing to Hitler? The contrast in wealth between the Axis and Allies is a defining characteristic of WW2. Money was an absolutely dire concern for Germany both externally (How do we pay Sweden + Romania for their resources?) and internally (how do we keep the basic necessities affordable for our population?).

And please provide some proof that it was a dire concern. Then provide some explanation that supports your premise that money provided basic necessities for the German population. I would love to hear that one.

I like your brevity. Simply, Money = Resources.
Illogical brevity doesn't mean its accurate. How is money = resources? Just saying it doesn't make it so.

BTW you mention paying for Romanian trade. Guess you weren't aware that from 1941 Germany never paid for the Romanian oil. It ran up a debt. And before 1941 Germany used the barter system where it paid for the oil with coal. So how useful is money again?
 

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I think those things can't really be divorced. You had Germany forced to make strategically disastrous trades, selling machine tools to the Soviet Union '40 - '41 in order to obtain currency, because they couldn't afford to buy oil otherwise. General Halder, in 1941 as he was overseeing the buildup toward Barbarossa, witnessed equipment for the manufacture of armaments flowing across the border to the east and pitched a fit to Hitler.

Wait, how can they not be divorced?

Fiat currency can be worthless even when a country still produces resources, manufactured goods, and services. Hyperinflation doesn't suddenly cause coal to become worthless itself. Coal can still do things coal did before hyperinflation came into the picture. You can't buy a one pound bag of coal for anything less than 500 billion Secret Master Marks by the time I'm done winning WWII as Germany, but that pound of coal can still do the work of one pound of coal. And I can still offer to trade that one pound bag of coal for a gallon of diesel from my colleague jju_57 who is running Romania. Or I can just invade him and take it. Or, hopefully in HOI4, I can trade him a dozen Panthers for a metric ton of diesel.
 

Dalwin

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Any phys-ed major could tell you why we need money. Without money you can't blow up baskeballs and volleyballs.

Oops, that was from Bill Cosby's "Why is there Air" album.

I have no idea why we need money in game as long as there is some way of allocating limited resources (of an abstract nature as would relate to research and espionage and diplomacy) and some medium of exchange for trading. If there is no currency in game does that mean all trades will either be barters or gifts? OR is there going to be some wierdness where every raw material exporter simply gives their goodies to whoever they like best and we just assume they got paid (money having been abstracted out and all.)
 
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jju_57

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And in fact the Germans did trade armaments to the Romanians for oil. There was a whole barter system, including commodity fluctuations that was run by the Germans.
 

frolix42

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Wait, how can they not be divorced?

Fiat currency can be worthless even when a country still produces resources, manufactured goods, and services. Hyperinflation doesn't suddenly cause coal to become worthless itself. Coal can still do things coal did before hyperinflation came into the picture.

AFAIK inflation doesn't occur in Paradox games (not even in EU4 except as a modifier which makes buildings and units more expensive in real terms). All currency is represented in real, not nominal, terms. So a 'hyperinflation of a single nation's currency' scenario should cause that nation's currency reserves to shrink.

You can't buy a one pound bag of coal for anything less than 500 billion Secret Master Marks by the time I'm done winning WWII as Germany, but that pound of coal can still do the work of one pound of coal.

I haven't seen this happen in my games, has the AI demanding astronomical prices like this literally happened to you in HoI3? Because truly, from a realism perspective, if the price of coal at 500 bn non-inflated marks per unit someone is going to find you an extra bag of coal and then buy a castle (one with a wood-burning stove). You can assume that if it is literally impossible to buy a resource, your economists have implemented industrial rationing but not that your currency is worthless.

The motive for expanding the role of currency, which I guess is not going to happen, would come from whether or not the barter trade system of HoI3 was always rational, functional and understandable. Could international trade be made more transparent by attaching a monetary value to the barter trades as has happened since currency was invented? I think yes, it would make more sense if the supply and demand of fuel and coal were allowed to fluctuate and the player could see the price at which a nation is willing to buy or sell a resource. This would make an export of 100,000 RM worth of coal for 100,000 RM worth of oil more understandable.
 
Last edited:

Cardus

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What? No jets? No Maus? No V2's? No STG44's?
No. All research for new weapons was stopped for about 1.5 years. You should study before talking.

You miss the concept that NONE of the material will ever get to you because it will be stopped. Why do you think Germany never traded with countries like Argentina? Because there was NO WAY to ship the stuff. Reality comes first even before price negotiation.
That path was blocked but this is a really silly example.

And please tell me how money lead to the well-being of the population? Food shortages in Germany happened and to limit them others (in places we can't mention) didn't get any food. has nothing to do with money.
Here you miss the basics: money is
1. Medium of exchange
2. Unit of account
3. Store of value
 

Joppos

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Wouldn't the absence of a medium of exchange funk up trading of resources and equipment, and basically limit it to a bartering type of system and the ahistorical consequences thereof? One example being a small nation not being able to purchase aluminium because no aluminium exporter wants the excess coal that the nation has as a result from its other trade deals.

This could be especially prohibiting since there are no resource stockpiles, and the only effective medium of exchange would then seem to be equipment--if that now will be tradeable. I for one would hate to see equipment becoming a substitute for money, or the selling/buying of equipment not being a feature for that very reason. Although, i have a hard time seeing a good way of equipment being bought/sold at all without some money analogue.

It's going to be exciting to see how you guys have tackled this. Hopefully you'll spill a lot of beans on gdc. :)
 

Axe99

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- Its not represented in hoi4.
- I dont think it was really a concern for any nation in the war. UK got basically infinite loans etc. I cant find the quote by churchill atm, but basically win the war and worry later. Nobody is goign to pay anything back during the games timeframe etc (if the game started in 1920s I think money would have been a very important mechanic)
- carry on your interesting discussion :)

Technically, IC is a representation of money in some ways - money is a representation of wealth and purchasing power. IC was just another name for it, but an abstraction that was simplified as it didn't allow for accrual over time (one couldn't 'bank' IC and use it later). This is why HoI's traditional treatment of international loans has been a bit messy at best. Everyone in this thread is talking about how countries ran up debt, but debt isn't something that magically appears out of thin air. People need to be convinced to spend their wealth on war bonds, or save their money in banks that then spend their own money on the equivalent (bank savings given to the Government to invest in the war economy is close enough to the same thing in the context of this discussion). Sure, no player should need to worry about having to repay debt, but they still need to raise it, and a lot of effort was made during WW2 on all sides to this end.

So, on one level, unless HoI4 doesn't propose to have any value representation of production capacity (which we already know it will, in three pools of IC), a limited concept of money will be in the game. However, assuming that IC can't be 'banked', then this limits the capacity of any game to model the available resources of a nation to fund the war economy, as there is no modelling of the variable debt-raising capacity of nations - rather, IC levels are abstracted out to give more to nations that were better able to raise debt historically, but this takes choice away from the player and to a degree railroads production levels historically.

For example and as mentioned earlier not having 'bankable' money in the game means that the modelling of the vast wealth of the US, and the way it was used to bankroll the UK in WW2, has to be abstracted out somewhere else (or left out, but that would require some pretty heavy skewing of other factors to get a historically plausible result).

That said, I can see the concern over it turning the game into an exercise in accounting - so the approach of 'let's not worry about the value of money over time, or the concept of debt, but rather abstract it all through IC and/or events, and hope that nothing happens in-game to make the events too out of step with gameplay).

So the question is not "does money matter", as that's pretty obvious (although if people need more evidence, post away - but most of the concerns raised have already been dealt with), but rather "how do we deal with it in game" and, in particular "how do we deal with the concept of storing wealth over time" (debt), as the immediate value of resources in game is already there through IC as a money proxy for day-to-day stuff.

Now, it may or may not be worth doing, but if it isn't dealt with, then there _needs_ to be another mechanism which covers the variable levels of debt raising, and variable ease in raising debt, between participants, or the game would be missing a substantial proportion of the resources used to produce the war material that people are using in game.
 
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frolix42

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That path was blocked but this is a really silly example.

Yes, because the Germans were blockaded doesn't mean that their money was useless. Of course around 1943 it's international value shockingly depreciated, it's not hard to understand why. They could've bought food from Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, but they didn't do much of that because they didn't have much money. A nation generates money by exporting goods, which Germany did not do much of 1933-1945.

Here you miss the basics: money is
1. Medium of exchange
2. Unit of account
3. Store of value

At this point it's basically a point of pride for him not to acknowledge this.
 

208

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Here you miss the basics: money is
1. Medium of exchange
2. Unit of account
3. Store of value

But those can all be replaced/abstracted by some money-equivalent that's "not money" (raw resources, IC, whatever) in a game like Hearts of Iron. There's no gameplay need for money to be an element in the game, distinct from elements that already exist for other gameplay reasons.
 

Axe99

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But those can all be replaced/abstracted by some money-equivalent that's "not money" (raw resources, IC, whatever) in a game like Hearts of Iron. There's no gameplay need for money to be an element in the game, distinct from elements that already exist for other gameplay reasons.

As long as you could use those things in the same way as money (including modelling debt and the like) then, for all intents and purposes, they are money. It's important to get away from the semantics of what we call money, and focus on the gameplay ramifications of not modelling the raising of debt and its impact on modelling appropriate production levels of war goods. The full production of every economy in the war production cannot be explained (accurately) simply by point-in-time notions of wealth. However, it is possible to fudge the figures for a relatively short period of time like WW2, then work in international transfers of debt through other similar fudges. On a financial level, though, this is in some ways the equivalent to having Pearl Harbour as an event rather than occurring in-game, and may fall down if you get relatively ahistorical developments.
 

Secret Master

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AFAIK inflation doesn't occur in Paradox games (not even in EU4 except as a modifier which makes buildings and units more expensive in real terms). All currency is represented in real, not nominal, terms. So a 'hyperinflation of a single nation's currency' scenario should cause that nation's currency reserves to shrink.

I'm using that as an example of how money can be useless while a country still produces things. There is no hyperinflation in HOI3. (If you haven't seen hyperinflation in an EU franchise game, you should do a forum search for "inflation blessed by God" for examples of inflation-oriented games.)

But hyperinflation sure as Hell can happen in real life. But even when it does happen, it's not like the goods produced by the economy stop working. So why have money (as currency) in the game unless we are going to play "Hyperinflation Avoidance: A Saga of WWII."

I haven't seen this happen in my games, has the AI demanding astronomical prices like this literally happened to you in HoI3?

No, I'm being silly by referring to a currency as Secret Master Marks. I'm pointing out that I can run the economy of the country into the ground in HOI3, but that one unit of coal still does the same work as one unit of coal.

The motive for expanding the role of currency, which I guess is not going to happen, would come from whether or not the barter trade system of HoI3 was always rational, functional and understandable. Could international trade be made more transparent by attaching a monetary value to the barter trades as has happened since currency was invented? I think yes, it would make more sense if the supply and demand of fuel and coal were allowed to fluctuate and the player could see the price at which a nation is willing to buy or sell a resource. This would make an export of 100,000 RM worth of coal for 100,000 RM worth of oil more understandable.

Without an economic system with as much diversity in goods (both manufactured and raw material) as something like Vic2, it would be a waste of time. I don't want to spend hours in an HOI game trying to resolve currency dilemmas when Portugal won't take my Reichsmarks in exchange for her tungsten. I just want to know the following things:

1) Do I have enough of resource X to run production line A?
2) If not, can I acquire resource X via trade?
3) If yes, then will the trading partner either give it to me for free (puppets), accept debt from me (which is basically free until the war is over), accept cash, or accept resource Y in exchange?

That's it. And the only reason cash is in the equation is to represent things like gold reserves. And if people remember HOI3, they will remember that the gold strategic resource increased money output...

If I wanted to spend time assessing the impact of coal prices on the production of steel, and in turn how that impacts the wages of workers in my ME-262 factories, I'd play Vic3: An Empire in Europe.
 
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plasticpanzers

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Ah, the importance of money..

anybody got 100K I can borrow for about 50 years? pay you back then, promise! :ninja:
 
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