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May 26, 2006
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Kordo- That's about it, yup!

JimboIX- Well I didn't intend it, but this has ended up pretty Alamo-esque. It is actually based (roughly) on things that happened in-game, it just happens that for the most part the game itself makes a good story, I guess!

Quirinus- The question of how to get at the artillery is one that (I hope) is about to be satisfactorily answered. However, of course, destroying the artillery does not equate to defeating the army!

Oh and thanks for that story about San Jacinto- I never knew that and the incompetence is amazing!!

Jape- On it's way!

Thanks for reading!
 

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Extract from “Thirty Battles That Shaped History, Chapter 20: the Battle of Tijuana” by John Keegan

The Californian plan for the opening engagement of the Battle of Tijuana is remembered as a remarkable achievement of military history because it stands as one of the most astute feats of second-guessing an opponent on record. The Mexican advantage at the opening of the battle lay both in their numerical superiority, and arguably more significantly in their possession of heavy artillery. Conversely, Californian survival hinged around the negation of that advantage, which the Californian general Don Alejandro del Serrano recognised could be achieved in both areas at once- namely the destruction of the Mexican artillery would force them to attack in a manner that would discount the advantage of superior Mexican numbers. If Santa Anna’s cannons were destroyed, he would be forced to launch an infantry attack on the fort- massed infantry against the Californian trenches and fortifications.

With this in mind, del Serrano devised a plan that took this into account, as well as playing off the pressures that he knew Santa Anna was under. The Mexican dictator was in an extremely difficult position- facing a crisis of confidence from the Mexican people and military, and needing a crushing victory to restore their faith in his leadership. He simply needed the Californians to stand in one place and be defeated in a set-piece battle to which he could point as proof of his enduring abilities as commander.

This was exactly what del Serrano would offer him. Giving Santa Anna the chance to take on the Californians in a pitched battle would hopefully cause him to throw caution to the wind in search of the decisive victory he wanted. The plan was to offer battle with the majority of the Californian army- around 1,200 men- to the west of the fort, while holding the remaining troops in reserve at the fort and the trench lines. The Mexicans, unaware of the waiting Californian reserve, would advance against the enemy lines- seeing an easy victory- and would leave themselves open to a potentially devastating second Californian attack in the flank and rear, as well as exposing themselves to the Californian artillery at the western redoubt, of which the Mexicans had been hitherto ignorant.

This plan, of course, was deeply flawed. Even had it been fully carried out, the first Californian force of just 1,200 men would certainly not have had the manpower to withstand a frontal Mexican attack, while the remaining troops- no more than 800 men, would have found it difficult to rout the Mexicans, even with the advantage of attacking from the rear. And, of course, it was completely transparent. It would not have taken a general of Santa Anna’s considerable skill to realise that in order to offer so suicidal a battle outside the Californian defences, there would have to be some sort of trap prepared. Santa Anna himself, of course, saw through it immediately. His response was, indeed, to order an attack upon the Californians forming up at the western edge of the fort- sending 15,000 men to deal with a Californian force over ten times smaller- while also ordering a further 4,000 to march directly upon the fort- pinning down any potential reserves and posing a direct threat to the safety of the defences, should del Serrano commit too heavily to the fighting in the west. Furthermore, he drew up his heavy artillery- the lynchpin of the Mexican army, facing the southern end of the fort, and prepared to advance his 4,000 under the fire of the artillery. Had del Serrano’s plan been the one it had seemed to be, Santa Anna would have conclusively outwitted it.

But the very skill of del Serrano’s plan, and the reason why it is remembered as a great military feat (as well as its significance in the foundation of the Californian Republic), was that it was not what it seemed. The great achievement of second-guessing was indeed that del Serrano had devised two strategies working off each other- the first one simple, transparent and easily overturned by Santa Anna’s own excellent generalship (it remains surprising that, given his excellent military pedigree, Santa Anna did not manage to smell this further rat in proceedings), and the second designed to come into effect exactly when Santa Anna did outwit the first. Del Serrano was not reckless or naïve enough to assume that the Mexicans could be defeated in the field in one day- he merely wished to give Santa Anna the impression that he was, and thus tempt the Mexican dictator to try and achieve that end himself- fuelling Santa Anna’s most optimistic hope. In fact, del Serrano’s aim on the first day of the Battle- the 4th April 1836- was merely to destroy one of Santa Anna’s key advantages, his artillery.

Thus, the Californian forces were to be arrayed as planned, and Santa Anna would respond as indeed he did in the event- ordering not only an attack on the 1,200 Californians forming up in the west, but also upon the fort directly. Del Serrano even predicted where Santa Anna would place his artillery- guessing that Santa Anna would know it would be more effective firing upon the fort and its defences than against a mass of moving people, and also that he would not want to take the time to deploy it further from the Mexican camp. As battle was joined in the west, and the 4,000 other Mexicans marched towards the gate of the Tijuana Fort, the Californian reserves unexpectedly marched down from the fort to the trench line- leaving themselves even more vulnerable. Eagerly, the Mexican major leading the 4,000, Agustin Delacruz, pressed on, sensing a great triumph, and by midday Californians and Mexicans were exchanging volleys in the west and the south, while the artillery- left behind by the onrushing Delacruz- was pounding the top of the hill. If events had proceeded thus, the Californians would have been worn down and defeated, and Santa Anna would have had his victory.

But now, del Serrano played his own trump card against Santa Anna’s- the Californian dragoons, highly trained, incredibly effective and led by Don Alejandro himself, charged out from the positions they had surreptitiously occupied the night before in the Tijuana Hills to the southeast, and attacked the now unprotected Mexican artillery. Santa Anna, having overcome one supposed attempt to outflank him, had entirely fallen victim to another.
 

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General
Sep 13, 2006
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Don Alejandro looks to be your very own Washington/Houston of California, which is fitting. The mexicans will probably stick around, but I imagine Santa Anna must be losing support.
 

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May 26, 2006
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Cinéad- Well, no, but you have to start somewhere!

JimboIX- True, but events in San Francisco earlier surely indicate that he is at least somewhat politically and ideologically naive... As to your point about Santa Anna, well that will be addressed very soon!

Everyone else (view count continues to rise)- Enjoy!

And my apologies for the indecent haste (you're about to get the 2nd and 3rd updates of tonight). This group of three come as something as a set, it wouldn't really make sense to put them up too far apart, and too much feedback/commenting/chat would split them up too much for my liking...

DerKaiser
 

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The Trump Card...

Tijuana Plain, Californian-Mexican Frontier, 4th April 1836

The rushing of the wind through his long hair and on his face was one that Alejandro had felt many times before, and one that he relished. It was the source of excitement, anticipation, and an incredible sense of freedom that he thought only those who had ever been in a cavalry charge could feel- the sense that you were in control of your destiny, that you could make your fate today, that your life- and those of others- were in your hands.

In front of him, growing closer and closer, the Mexican gunners were in a state of total panic. Some were trying desperately to turn the cannons around to face the onrushing Californians, others scrabbling around for sabres and rifles, but most just ran away. Alejandro drew his sabre and raised it high, a movement echoed by the entire company of fifty horsemen around him, as they descended upon the Mexicans. One unfortunate man simply failed to get out of the way, and was trampled down by Alejandro’s horse, screaming horribly as he was thrown to the ground, while Alejandro brought his sabre scything down into the face of another Mexican who was brandishing a flag as a weapon, then swinging the weapon back past his face and into the arm of another gunner on his other side. He brought his horse to a rearing stand in the middle of the Mexican cannons, and turned to see his men doing the same all around him.

The Californians were leaping from horses, dismounting and producing tools from saddlebags or simply setting about the Mexican equipment with what they had. One man, a powerful, muscular dragoon, drew out from his pack a hammer and a sharp metal chisel, and dashed to the barrel of the nearest gun- driving the iron wedge deep into the mouth of the cannon and splitting it down the middle in two great, clanging efforts. The weapon was useless, the Californian knocked one broken section of the barrel askew with a great blow of the hammer, vaulted over the gun-carriage and ran to the next cannon. Alejandro himself remained mounted, but kicked his horse forward to the great pyramid of Mexican powder-kegs. With a great thrust he forced his sabre into the middle barrel, and then swung the blade at the tower, sending the barrels tumbling onto the ground. Then, with a kick and a sharp tug on the reins, Alejandro raised his horse’s front legs high, then let them crash down on top of one of the powder-kegs, smashing it open with his hooves. The task was completed within a few minutes. The Mexican artillery, the true bite of Santa Anna’s army, was rendered utterly useless.

“Californians,” shouted Alejandro, “withdraw!” There was no point waiting. The job was done, and already Alejandro could see movement from near the Mexican lines- a belated, pointless attempt to correct the all-too-predictable oversight of leaving the artillery undefended. The dragoons were returning to their mounts, hoisting themselves back into the saddle, turning away. Alejandro’s first lieutenant- Ramon Aznar- was calling to his general, who was waiting.

Vamos, I will overtake you!” Ordered Alejandro. From his pocket, he produced a tinder-box. Waiting patiently for a moment for the Californians to retreat a sufficient distance, he lit a small flame and then dropped it down near his horse’s feet at the start of a small trail of dark powder. Alejandro brought his mount swiftly around and galloped away. Half a minute later he was racing up towards his men, galloping up towards the fort, leaving behind them the broken mess of the Mexican artillery. Seconds later, however, with a terrific blast of exploding gunpowder, not even that remained.

Up near the gate at the fort, where the smaller Mexican and Californian forces were engaged in battle, the attackers were thrown into sudden panic. Even from the still considerable distance that separated them, the dragoons could see Mexicans turning, milling about, falling back in confusion. Then came the sound to validate their anxiety- a forlorn bugler’s call from near the Mexican camp that was echoed among the Mexican soldiers in front of the fort. Santa Anna had ordered the southern force to retreat. And, as Alejandro watched- riding ever closer to the front-line- the chaotic Mexican retreat was turning into a rout. As the first ranks of the Mexican force rose and turned away in panic, the Californian defenders- presented suddenly with a point-blank, unsheltered target, and moreover one that was no longer firing back- rose from the trenches and dug-outs and fired straight at the backs of the enemy. Line upon line of retreating Mexicans fell where they stood. The rout became a slaughter.

Alejandro, riding straight at the Mexicans, pressed into the crowd of the enemy, who seemed not to notice- or not to want to. Even as he and his dragoons hacked left and right at the fleeing, defenceless enemy, they continued to flee. Nothing could persuade them to stop, still this close to the enemy. Alejandro stabbed his sabre into the neck of a fleeing man as he rode past, then tore it out as his horse galloped on, and waved the weapon at Ramon, shouting a curt command, who produced with one hand his own bugle, and blew eight short blasts. Moments later, the sound was repeated in the Californian trenches, then from one of the watchtowers, then from the centre of the fort, flying over ears ignorant of its meaning faster than any horse could ride, until it reached the western redoubt where it was understood. With a grim smile, Lieutenant John Andrews turned to the waiting Californian gunners on the redoubt’s concrete rampart- men who had waited and watched all day, forced to refrain from firing their withdrawn cannons while they saw their comrades slowly pushed back by the massive Mexican horde.

“Well, I guess it’s time.” Said Andrews. “Fire at will.” The gunners rolled their weapons forwards, and opened fire, their shells ripping into the dense ranks of the enemy with a precision only possible with the time that they had been given to prepare. As one, the mass of uniformed Mexicans visibly reeled. Then, as a second salvo of cannon-fire ploughed through their lines, they too panicked. The morale of the Mexican army, hanging by a thread, was breaking. Just as their compatriots had at the southern end, the Mexican forward ranks descended into chaos, and paid a terrible price for their lack of discipline as a wave of Californian rifle-fire smacked into the milling mass. Within moments, the Mexicans heard the sound that most of them were inwardly begging for- the clarion call of the retreat. The vast, fleeing Mexican army lost all semblance of order as it fell back southwards towards its camp and its humiliated leaders, but the Californians, meticulously drilled by their commander Don Alejandro, did not pursue them. Santa Anna has suffered a serious setback and an embarrassment, but it was not the decisive victory. It was merely a bloody nose for the Mexican dictator, and Don Alejandro ensured that his men held their positions as the enemy withdrew from the battle.
 
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Mexican Forward Base, Tijuana Plain, Californian-Texan Frontier, April 4th 1836

The Mexican generals could not recall seeing Santa Anna this angry before. Even after his release following San Jacinto his wrath had been measured by determination to regroup. Now he was simply overcome by fury.

“A pack of cowards and bunglers! Nothing more! God knows I could have taken all your posts today at once myself and still performed better! This is inexcusable!” He turned on General Cos, who had commanded the western army. “You outnumber the enemy ten to one and you cannot produce a victory- the incompetence is staggering!” The President was purple in the face and spitting with every word. “All those years in military college, and for what, Cos? You cannot even prevent a rout against an army of one thousand men! You are a disgrace to soldiery!”

Presidente, por favor… We were only following your plan, and-” Began Agustin Delacruz. It was a rash decision to try and interrupt Santa Anna. He rounded on Delacruz.

“And you! You miserable, blundering, ignorant swine! Following my plan? Did I not tell you, expressly, to protect the artillery? I said the very words only this morning! But like a ten-year old playing at war you go chasing victory by yourself! What, Delacruz, were you trying to eclipse me, you runt?” Delacruz’s face turned red with humiliated anger. He bit his lip. “You are not fit to manage a customs office, you filthy little rodent!” Santa Anna continued. “And what about you, Delgado?” He spat at the captain of the Mexican sentries. “Somehow slipped your mind to inform us their cavalry was charging out of the hills, did it? You fail me here, you fail me at San Jacinto, what good are you? I ought to have you shot for incompetence!”

Delacruz could take no more. “Presidente, with all repect,” he burst out suddenly, “We were only following your orders. You gave me no reason not to press the attack from the south, you gave Captain Delgado no reason to suspect that the rebel cavalry might be deployed in the east, you gave General Cos no indication that the enemy would not be possessed of artillery in the west. If an army of our size cannot put your plans into effect, I suggest that it is your shortcomings as a leader that are causing it. If you do not have the skill or authority to lead effectively, then I do not see why we should follow you any longer!”

Santa Anna’s face twisted with a further level of rage that none of those assembled would have thought possible. “How dare you question me! You scum, you filth! How dare you disrespect me thus!” He swung his cane round viciously and smacked it into Delacruz’s arm. “I am your President, I am your commander! I will not be spoken to like that!”

Delacruz fell to his knees, but managed to reply, in a voice wracked with pain, “All Mexico speaks of you like that. You are no longer wanted, General.”

With a scream of rage, Santa Anna turned to a guard standing by him, wrenched his rifle from his hands, and fired it straight at Delacruz’s face. The force of the shot flung him, head-first- onto his back, a bleeding hole in the middle of his forehead. With an angry shout, Delgado started forwards, one hand going instinctively for his sabre at his side. It never got there. Santa Anna raised the rifle again, and shot the captain straight through the chest. He fell where he stood. Santa Anna threw the weapon down at his feet. “I demand obedience!” He roared. “I demand respect!”. His generals bowed their heads downwards and stiffened, each one trying silently to give more of those two things in that stance than the others. Santa Anna stooped, picked up his cane where he had dropped it to take the rifle, and stepping over the body of Delacruz as if it were not there, strode off back towards camp.

Silence prevailed among the shocked Mexican generals. Gently, over the early evening air, the sound of the Californians was floating down from the fort. They were singing.
 
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personally, I like the pace of updates so far. They are coming at a good clip, but not overwhelming.
 

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Sep 13, 2006
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A nice pair of updates showing both perspectives. Santa Anna may have his generals under control, but I suspect he'll soon have trouble in Mexico City. A new government may not be any more inclined to accept another breakaway republic however. The battle is going well, but you're still nowehere close to being out of the woods.
 

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Herbert West- Thanks, welcome and enjoy!

Jape- True, but then again Santa Anna sent 19,000 of his 30,000 troops for the first day, so there's plenty more to come as long as they use them better, though he doesn't have any artillery left... I possibly should mention that Mexican casualties on the first day were only around two and a half thousand (plus the whole artillery corps), so not catastrophic... And thanks!

Quirinus- Well thanks, hope you're also enjoying the updates in themselves, not just how fast/slow they're appearing!

JimboIX- But is a new Mexican government, presumably without its best general in Santa Anna, going to be any more likely to beat the Californians, at least for the time being... And I agree, it ain't over 'til the fat lady sings...

100-200 others- Thanks, enjoy, feel free to comment!

DerKaiser
 

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Gnost said:
I recently have been criticized for being too much of a lurker so let me just say keep this aar going please!

Will do :)!
 

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Too late?

San Diego County, Californian-Mexican Frontier, April 10th 1836

Juan Bautista Alvarado had kept the grubby, yellowing letter on his person since it had been brought to him by a harried-looking horseman four days ago. Its message was short and painfully simple. A few curt sentences, one plain request. A plea:

“Caballeros, Santa Anna has arrived, but our rearguard action has eliminated his artillery. The Mexicans will try a frontal attack. Tijuana is hopelessly outnumbered. Please reinforce. Don Alejandro del Serrano”

On the back of the paper a different hand- presumably Alejandro’s own- had scrawled a further message to the leaders of California: “In the name of God hurry up”. That was all.

No Californian present at the council of war when the message had been read out had failed to grasp its significance. Tijuana was California’s one chance to force an outcome against Mexico- the one point where Santa Anna’s superior strength could be bottled up and the morale of his army could be broken before it entered California and began to engage in some morale-destroying of its own against the civilians- the burning, the pillage, the rape, the slaughter that were the silent companions to all those glorious pictures of the soldiers with wind blowing in their hair and swords brandished, the sun in their faces. Alvarado would not let the people of California be oppressed by the tyranny of Santa Anna, he would not let the butcher of the Yucatan run riot in the quiet fields of Santa Monica or the Orange County. Santa Anna had to be beaten off at Tijuana, or not at all.

But now that chance to beat him off might be gone forever. If Tijuana had already fallen- if California’s best general and the strategic location of the fort were lost, and the morale of Santa Anna’s army restored with a crushing victory- then the audacious chance for a rapid victory would be gone forever. Surely it could not be too late. Something seemed too unreal and too impossible about that notion: “too late”. Something deeply unfair. It seemed somehow that the great oppressor and tyrant Santa Anna could not be allowed to win in a war that was so morally and ideologically against him. It would not be right. It couldn’t be.

But it might yet be. The Second Army, some 15,000 strong and led by Don Alejandro’s brother, with which the entire War Parliament of California had marched south, had stopped off once more at the harbour of San Diego to provision itself for the last time, before they marched for where they were to find the Mexicans, and now, as the morning of the 10th wore on, that march had begun. Alvarado, riding with the generals near the head of the column, knew that he was travelling slowly up a long, rising slope, and he was well aware of what this would mean. He remembered the charts and maps well enough. The great plain that stretched down past San Diego, past Tijuana, down into Mexico, was shaped like a great set of waves. From San Diego you travelled upwards, and then, reaching the crest, you headed down to the next plateau- where the Tijuana Fort sat, and then down another slope to the final, lowest plateau- where the Mexican Army would have come from. What all this meant, however, in practical terms, was that at the crest of the coming ridge- not two miles away- the fort would finally come into distant view, and in the morning light they would see the battle. He had seen his fair share of suffering and pain, but it was the first battle that Alvarado would ever have seen, and he felt an inscrutable sense of anticipation- was it excitement?- at the prospect. But he would see soon enough. He would see the future of the Republic, the future of the moral war. The future that Don Alejandro had fought to give them- what future would that be?

A shout from the front of the column interrupted his reflections, as it was passed down the line to Don Diego, who spoke a few rapid and inaudible words to a horseman who rode a few paces back to address him. Don Diego’s tone was urgent. He turned to those of the War Parliament who had joined the forward party, as well as his officers, and addressed them gravely.

Caballeros,” He said quietly, “ride with me to the crest of the hill.” And with that he turned, and set off at a gallop. They followed. Alvarado had never been the best rider, but he kept up well, and spurred his horse on as fast as he felt he could safely go. It was worth the anxiety rising in his stomach at the speed of the ground rushing past, just to see what was to be seen. He had to see.

And when he reached the top of the ridge, reached the place where it could be seen, the anxiety departed, but was replaced by a horrible, sickening wrench. Not far in the distance- a couple of hours march away at the most- he could see the fort. The small interruption on a landscape otherwise populated by the grass of the plain, and by a seething mass of imperceptible tiny figures. Around the Tijuana Fort, right up to its defences, perhaps within its defences, the Mexicans were swarming. Remarkable that they had not heard it already- the cracks of gunshot were just weakly filtering through to their ears, blending vaguely with the general crackle that came from the fires. Remarkable that they had not seen it already- sporadic fires were set around the fort and within the fort- and a great plume of smoke was wafting high up into the sky and then drifting gently southwards on the slight wind.

Too late? Too late would be worse than never.
 
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Sep 13, 2006
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Quite the cliffhanger...Don Alejandro can't go though, he's too important, surely.
 

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Jape- Well that's sort-of how the battle went in-game, so makes sense ;)!

JimboIX- Nah he doesn't die. In fact nobody important dies in this battle...

Windmolen- Hello, welcome and thanks! Glad you're enjoying it, and I'm hoping to have an update on today at some point...

Kordo- The cliffhanger is totally the game's fault, not mine, but thanks for the compliment!

The silent 250-300- Enjoy!