I've recently researched this and here are my observations:
- Prior to 1700 (before Peter the Great) you had elite troops (nobles) and half-proffessional army (so-called strelcy, which means "shooter"). Russians widely used firearms and artillery, the army was not so big. There was, in fact recruits before Peter the Great, as well as foreign advisors, but still this army was distinct and somewhat old-fashioned, more feudal than modern. It was effective for fighting eastern lands (which Russia colonized) and not-so-good for fighting Europeans.
- During and shortly after Peter the Great Russian army modernized, I think you can say it's westernized but remained very distinct. While Europeans used professional, mercenary armies, Russia used recruits who served for life. There were many foreign officers (like the famous Patrick Gordon), limited use of exotic regiments like Cossacks or Tatar bowmen (yes, bowmen), but most of the army looked like any European army.
- However, there ware a big differences. Russian officers didn't hesitate to lose men for victory; casualties were always high and there weren't many expirienced regiments. Morale was pretty high, as Friedrich the Great said "In the same circumstances French soldier runs, Austrian surrenders and Russian dies". Technology level was pretty much the same as in Europe.
- Northern War, Sweden VS Russia. Swedes've beaten Russia and went to fight in Poland, thinking that Russia won't recover for long. Russia built weapon industry, called new regiments and won the war - but this victory was strategic, battles itself weren't so intense.
- Turks. Russians effectively fought turks and tatars in Crimea and other places, but couldn't hold Crimea because of supply problems (that's what EU won't show us).
- Seven Years War. Days of Russian glory. First there was strategic victory that given Russia eastern Prussia, then Friedrich the Great beaten Russian troops but couldn't get a clear victory. There you get another Russian advantage: they had first monocultural army in Europe, almost everyone in it knew Russian and could react to complex commands to stand Prussian tactical attacks. Then Russia fought Prussians again and it was a rare occasion when Russian army wasn't bigger than European and still won.
In the end: Russian army was weaker than Europeans up to Peter the Great and then it quickly became almost as good as Prussian one. You can call it westernization, but I think it would be better to call just modernization. In game terms, Russian national ideas gave it small bonus to military tactics and morale, but it didn't had European bonuses to discipline, as well as even bigger bonus to tactics and defence from ideas/technology.