"The War of Baltic Supremecy"
"The best laid plans of mice and men..."
King Luitipold of Bohemia had hoped that by striking at Sweden in the middle of the great Northern Winter, he would catch his opponents off guard. Also, as the navigation in the Baltic was difficult during those hard months, it would be possible to sweep over Swedish Germany and the Southern coast before the Swedish King would be able to react and resupply his forces. Unfortuantly, the King failed to take into account the affects of the winter upon his own troops.
Immediatly upon the decleration of war, the main Bohemian army marched and attemped to beseige Meckleburg, while Prussia was also attacked, as per the King's war plan. At the same time another army attacked Saxony from from behind, while the Saxon troops engaged the Bohemians in Wurzemburg.
The plan, very quickly, fell apart however. Following the defeat of the Saxons, the Army of Wurzemburg marched north to assail Bremen. However, due to the destruction caused by the previous battle it first needed to be resupplied with fresh men before being able to take up seige. By the time Prussia had fallen, the troops were sent to Courland to cut off any attacks from Sweden's Russian lands, and many of the lesser allies of the Northern Alliance, such as Lithuania, bowed out of the conflict gracefully. The wall of Meckleburg, however, showed no signs of falling any time soon, and the beseigers were growing frusterated. After nearly a year, a futile assault was staged in Novemember of 1672 which resulted in only the deaths of more Bohemian and German soldiers.
Further difficulties would arise in the form of Bavaria. This state, atlthough a Bohemian ally, had long possessed a philosophy of feirce independance. And so, when Baravia marched to help her allies in Saxony, her King came as well as commanding General, and took over command of the seige. It took several months before Luitipold discovered the trick, as he had been focusing most of his attention upon the bloodbath in Northern Germany but, once it was brought to his attention, the Bohemian soliders were withdrawn from the seige.
By this point, however, it was to late. Nearly 10 thousand soldiers had perished in the seige, many of the Bohemian infantry men. The remainders of the once grand army were sent North, along with reinforcements, to help the beseigers of Meckleburg, the hope being that adding more cannon might made the defeat of the walls even easier. They would arrive in the nick of time.
Badly in need of a decisive victory in order to keep the war effort going, the Swedish King had compiled a large army of over 30,000 soldiers and marched in Mecklemburg with the goal of freeing the city from the horrible seige. On Novemember 23rd, 1673 the two armies clashed in a titanic battle. By its end it would leave over 30,000 men dead, 17,000 of them Swedes and 13,000 Bohemians.
Although the Swedish had been defeated, the battle had gutted the Bohemian army, and left it unable to follow through with the seige. Realizing the futility of the matter, the Bohemians withdrew from the city several weeks after fighting had ended. Despite Bohemian victory in battle, the Swedes had accomplished their goal, and the Battle of Mecklemburg was to go down in their national mythology as a defining moment of Swedish nationalism.
Meanwhile, the Baltic front of the war was progressing in favor of Bohemia who had captured Memel, Prussia and Courland, despite the blistering cold weather which was slowly grinding down the Bohemian forces. With more and more Swedish forces arriving in the reagon, however, there was a growing fear that the tide might turn towards Sweden in the coming months.
Bremen fell on January 14th, 1674 to the truimph of the Army of Moravia. Luitipold, sensing victory, sent them to attack and beseige Mecklemburg while the shattered remains of the former army would act as reinforcements. The two armies met and surrounded the city in Febuary of that year, and hunkered down for the long seige.
The King of Sweden, however, would not take this assault upon one of his greatest cities, without a fight. He had already decidded to make the city the lynch pin of his entire defensive campaign, to loose it now would be a financial, militarialy, moral disaster the likes of which his nation had never seen.
The "Second Battle of Mecklemburg" occured on March 7th, 1674 and would have much the same impact as the first one. Although the Swedes were driven from the field, the armies of Bohemia were shattered. Fearing a second Swedish assault which would end all hopes of winning the war, they withdrew for a second time to lick their wounds and recover.
By June of that same year, when the Army of Moravia returned to Mecklemburg for the third time, both sides had seem to have become embittered by the war and sure of their own defeat. The Swedes had come to fear that Mecklemburg would surly fall within another few months and then the Bohemians would march North and attack Holstein and perhaps even sack Copenhagen.
The Bohemians, for their part, had lost all hope of ever taking Mecklemburg, the true goal of the entire campaign, and the sudden appearance of Swedish armies on the Southern Baltic lands filled Luitipold with fear. To make matters even worse, peasent revolts were beginning to spring up all along the countryside. The notion that the Swedes could push back his gains and even invade Bohemia proper was enough to dismay even the strongest of kings.
Following the second retreat from Mecklemburg, Luitipold had send a peace offer to the King of Sweden, but it had been denied. Now the King, in his depression, was ready to talk. On July 3rd, 1674 Sweden offered to Bohemia the city of Bremen and the Duchy of Prussia, as well as the trading post of Stantcon in exchange for peace. Luitipold readily accepted.
The war not entirely over, however, for Saxony still had to be dealt with. Despite their loss ot Bavaria, which had settled to force them to accept the Catholic Church and pay indemities, it had not formally existed the war and the Treaty which had ended the war had excluded Saxony from its terms. Bohemia was free to deal with it as it would like. Enraged by the lack of gains in the war, Luitpold quickly placed Saxony under seige and, when it fel lseveral months later, annexed the land. It was celebrated as a mighty and grand victory.
The War of Baltic Supremacy proved to be a disaster for Bohemia. Although they gain gains in the war, they did so at the cost many hundres of thousands of lives. At the end of the war their once mighty armeis had been smashed and decimated and their repuation, once the pride of the King, had been ruined by an unprovoked attack as well as annexation of a smaller state. It had proven to the world that Bohemia's armies were not immortal and could be defeated, even my nations not as advanced.
Finally, and perhaps most dangerously, Bohemia had not managed to crush Sweden in the manner it had France in the past. Although having lost lands, it had not been enough to destroy Sweden control of the Baltic. The Kingdom of Sweden remained a slightly wounded, and enraged, enemy to the North which would, most likely, have to be dealt with again in the future.