I think if a city was captured by a group of adventurers who were rather loosely tied to the government, it should just be a freebie event for both the AI and humans. This is because historically the government (IE you) had nothing to do with it, and also that the often the nations in question were extremely ill-prepared for both European weapons and their conduct in warfare. (the concept of seizing a city and fortifying it as opposed to loot-and-pillage-and-run concept of warfare which caused so many cities to fall to the Portugese).
As such, the following:
Portugal should annex upon discovery: Hormuz, Goa, Malacca (first releasing Johore), Kilwa, Mombassa, Zanzibar, Mozambique, Sofala
and Vassalize upon discovery: Kongo, Malindi, Cochin
Before you start screaming, hear me out: These nations were wholly unprepared for the Portugese, both technologically and doctrinally. Their concept of war was largely limited to trade disputes and raiding excursions, so fortifying and holding territory was not in their realm of experience. The Portugese had a free ride basically as the leadership fled the city and waited for them to leave, which never happened, so a small band of adventurers could basically conquer half the Indian Ocean. After this first experience however, all the states who were affected by the Portugese learned their lessons and were all the stronger for it, and eventually drove out the Portugese. Thus for instance after the Portugese have had their way with the Indian ocean, the remaining states should be bumped up a techgroup, get big naval and land tech bonuses (The Bitter Lesson of the Portugese) and some like Oman should get huge swathes of CBs on Portugese posessions.
Spain should annex upon discovery: Aztec Empire, or at least get the coastline for free, get 50 thousand free infantry (Tlaxcalans join with Cortez) and declare war on the Aztec Empire. Again this was a special circumstance, as the Aztecs had the misfortune of having Cortez in their prophecies as a returning deity, and again being doctrinally wholly unprepared for European warfare until it was far too late. In this circumstance Cortez should be a general, not a conquistador, and would appear I would assume on the 50k stack that just appeared on the coastline. If we had a more realistic setup in central America I would prefer it actually if the Spanish annexed-by-event all the central american nations on the west coast that had yet to be conquered by the Aztecs (and any troops they had) instead of having everything belong to the Aztecs at start.
As such, the following:
Portugal should annex upon discovery: Hormuz, Goa, Malacca (first releasing Johore), Kilwa, Mombassa, Zanzibar, Mozambique, Sofala
and Vassalize upon discovery: Kongo, Malindi, Cochin
Before you start screaming, hear me out: These nations were wholly unprepared for the Portugese, both technologically and doctrinally. Their concept of war was largely limited to trade disputes and raiding excursions, so fortifying and holding territory was not in their realm of experience. The Portugese had a free ride basically as the leadership fled the city and waited for them to leave, which never happened, so a small band of adventurers could basically conquer half the Indian Ocean. After this first experience however, all the states who were affected by the Portugese learned their lessons and were all the stronger for it, and eventually drove out the Portugese. Thus for instance after the Portugese have had their way with the Indian ocean, the remaining states should be bumped up a techgroup, get big naval and land tech bonuses (The Bitter Lesson of the Portugese) and some like Oman should get huge swathes of CBs on Portugese posessions.
Spain should annex upon discovery: Aztec Empire, or at least get the coastline for free, get 50 thousand free infantry (Tlaxcalans join with Cortez) and declare war on the Aztec Empire. Again this was a special circumstance, as the Aztecs had the misfortune of having Cortez in their prophecies as a returning deity, and again being doctrinally wholly unprepared for European warfare until it was far too late. In this circumstance Cortez should be a general, not a conquistador, and would appear I would assume on the 50k stack that just appeared on the coastline. If we had a more realistic setup in central America I would prefer it actually if the Spanish annexed-by-event all the central american nations on the west coast that had yet to be conquered by the Aztecs (and any troops they had) instead of having everything belong to the Aztecs at start.