Welcome to Makkah, holiest of cities. Birthplace of the Prophet and capital op the Hedjaz.
The Kaaba, one of the holiest places in the world.
The Kaaba, one of the holiest places in the world.
Lā ilāhā illāllāh; Muhammad-ur rasul-ullāh
There is no God but God, and Muhammad is his Messenger
Makkah al-Mukkaramah
In the Arabian desert, in a valley several leagues from the Red Sea lies the holy city of Makkah al-Mukkaramah, also known as Mecca. It was here that the Prophet Mohammad was born in the 570th year of the Roman calendar, and where he lived untill his Hijrah to Medina. The centre of the city is marked by a remarkable square black building, known as the Kaaba. All muslims in the world should prey towards the Kaaba - the Qibla -, and should at least travel to it once in their life - the hajj - (if their health and finances allow it)as it is the centre of the Islam. It is said that the Kaaba was build by the prophet Ibrahim as a model to the house of Allah in heaven. It contains a black stone, which felt from heaven, and was said to be able to absorb the sins of it's worshippers, thus turning black.The Masjid al Haram mosque that surrounds the Kaaba is the greatest mosque in Makkah, and is also build by Ibrahim and his son Ishmael. The palace of the Sultan, defender of the holy cities Mecca and Medina, is just across the great square of the Hajj, where all of the world's pilgrims arrive. The city is sealed off by a thick defensive wall, that is patrolled all the times. The three gates are always guarded, and only muslims are allowed into the Holy City. The punishment for a non-muslim is death.
Madinat Rasul Allah
Madinat Rasul Allah (City of the Prophet of Allah), better known as Medina, lies a few hundred leagues north of Mecca, and became the home of the Prophet when he was exiled from Mecca. It was here that the first true mosque - the Masjid al-Quba - was build, inside the house of Muhammad. Muhammad had been envited to act as a governor when the city of Yathrib, as Medina was known then - was in civil war. He was able to unite the clans and religions of the city, and used it to conquer Mecca, to rid it of heathens. It was here that the centre of the Islamic power was untill after Muhammads death, and there were discussions about who was the rightfull successor of the Prophet (the Caliph). The Prophet was burried in the Masjid al-Quba mosque, as all as the first two Caliphs. Nowadays, Medina is one of the largest, most important and holiest cities in Arabia.The Hajj, the pilgrimage to Makkah
Pilgrims should only wear an Ihram; a garment consisting of two sheets of white unhemmed cloth draped over the body; plus a pair of sandals, as all pilgrims are equal in the eyes of Allah. Pilgrims gather at the Square of the Hajj, and wlk to the Kaaba, where they perform the Tawaf, which consists of circling the Kaaba seven times, in a counterclockwise direction. Then, the pilgrims walk back and forth seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwa, with symbolizes Hagar's (Ibrahim's concubine) fanatic search for water, before the spring of Zamzam was revealed to her by Allah. Pilgrims may drink from the spring of Zamzam, although it's not part of the Hajj. After this, pilgrims walk to the hill of Arafat, where the Prophet gained it's messenges from Allah. The pilgrims spend most of the time (untill sundown) in prayer or reflecting their life on this holy place. After returning from Arafat, the pilgrims should travel to Mina, near Makkah, where they participate in the stoning of the devil. This involves throwing pebbles at the three pillars in Mina, which stand for the devil. Many pilgrims shave their head after this, as a sign of rebirth after the Hajj cleansed them from their sins. After the Stoning of the Devil, the Tawaf is performed again.
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Medina
Nation: The Hedjah Sultanate
Head of State: Mohammed Al Muhktar
State Religion: Shiite
Other Religions: Sunni, Jewism
Culture: Arabic, Bedouin
Provinces: Mecca and Medina
Cities: Mecca, Medina, Mina, Jedda, Taif and Yanbu
Ports: Jedda and Yanbu
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