Lacost speaks the truth.
Manufactories are divine in their ability to make money in the first place - you should be making them if you can even if the institution was not a thing so, as far as your country size and income allowes, build them.
Universities are a bit different - they give no benefit in provinces you will never develop, but by the time the institution that relies on them comes around it's often late enough for me to run out of building slots or sensible buildings to make, at which point making universities around your country and especially your capital/provinces you'd want to develop is nice.
Using monarch points to develop and force an institution is all but a requirement for quite a few countries. However, you should typically not do this if the institution would spread naturally in due course. (i.e. if you are European, most of the time you wont develop Reneaissance, but you might as Russia or other countries far away from Italy and Netherlands, since it spreads slowly enough that the points wasted by paying the premium for not having the institution might as well have been spent on development to get you the institution instead - giving you permanent gains.) Global Trade is never worth developing for - you should have trade centers in your country where it will spawn and spread quickly. If you don't - acquire some. I would also not develop for Manufactories or Enlightenment.
Colonialism is one that a lot of countries have to develop for. If you are not a colonizer yourself, or adjacent and friendly to one you might wait so long for the institution to spread that you should just develop for it.
Printing Press - If European you should be able to get this via natural spread, or by going protestant and such. Still, if you are a distant European like Russia and you are impatient you can develop to speed it up, but it's probably a net gain to wait for the slow and steady spread instead. If you are not european, then this is yet another one you'd want to develop for.
To answer your questions - proactive strategies available depend on what country you are. It's possible to spawn Colonialism as Non-Europeans for instance - but it comes down to a dice roll if you or europeans gets it.
The one-solution-fits-all answer is the developing a province until it has it 100%, then you can either embrace it right away or it will spread via adjacency from there until you can.