unreliable said:
I'm pretty sure this is broken. I usually colonize provinces that are adjacent to other colonies, but I've never seen the penalty for "no adjacent controlled province" removed from the tooltip. Perhaps the penalty applies if the adjacent controlled province is a colony rather than city, but I'm pretty sure I still see the penalty in those cases.
If there is an adjacent city, then you will not get the "-5% No Adjacent Controlled Province." If there is an adjacent colony, then you still get the "No Adjacent" penalty.
Remember to wait for the new month for colonizing chances to be updated in the tooltip.
...
Also, I usually send 9 colonists to a province, then let population growth carry it over to a full city. By the time the 9th colonist has arrived, the colony is usually up to 950 population or so, and so sending another colonist would "waste" half the colonist. Production only increases to 1.0.
And for the love of god, kill the natives. I don't care if they are only 3 aggressiveness. They reduce your colonization chance by 9% and they provide no economic benefit whatsoever. None, zilch, nada, zeeeeeeeeerooo. A 4000 pop colony produces exactly the same tax and production as a 1000 pop colony. And all you need is a single cavalry regiment to clear most of the good colonies in the Western Hemisphere. It may take a few months, but you've got plenty of time before the colonist arrives.