"What has gotten into you?" did not lead to a decision, but to him explaining his motives.
I did not try:"You will report for immediate extraction!" as I had read #5 as I would need 3 Transport ships / Armies on the ready, which I didn't have...
"You are insane." lead to him predicting my empires downfall in 100-150 years, himself betting on younger civilizations as the one he was trying to build on that planet.
I'll watch what happens... - the only thing I don't like is, that the system he is in is a choke point in my game, where my trade has to flow through to get to my capital.
So I guess I'll have to prepare an invasion force in 100 years or what?
Edit: Should have googled the complete spoiler from the wiki right away, sorry.
https://stellaris.paradoxwikis.com/Observation_events
Ok, so the extraction event occured anyway: it only takes 2 transport ships / armies, and the timer is 1080 days (3 years). Recruiting Armies takes 90 days for me and it is only 2 jumps away from a place where I can recruit, so I'm going for it. - Edit: Done. Wait and see if anything happens after that.
Edit 2: Next event was them shooting down my Observation Post with Ground to Space Missiles - at least it said that in the text, but my Outpost is still fine doing it's job. Sounds like a bug - probably should have really lost it.