In late summer, Gen. Sforza Testi attacked the Mamluk southern flank at the Nile, south of Cairo, while another army besieged the Mamluk capital.
The Mamluks were more numerous, but his troops were tired. It turned out to be fairly an even match. It dragged on for weeks – a war of attrition.
Testi’s brother, Ontaviano, met the enemy at Adana, on the northern end of the battle front. This was another “even match,” but Testi’s armies were in better shape for combat, and the enemy was hard pressed.
Alexandria finally fell, before the end of August. Mus, to the far north, was being besieged. This was the dismantling of the Mamluk Empire. Or her strength, and will to resist, at least.
Muscovy proved its craftiness when, unable to get its own ships into the Mediterranean, it hired Black Sea privateers to come harass shipping off the Italian coast. The Milanese Navy responded, and drove them off.
Amazingly, a daring Muscovite captain also challenged the Mediterranean cordon. Our navy chased his flyte away from the Italian coastline with two caravels and a barque. The pursuit, and eventual ejection, spread across half the Mediterranean Sea!
Ontaviano Testi was unable to defeat the Mamluks on his first battle at Adana. He withdrew to Aleppo to rest and restore his troopstrength. A skirmish at Damascus, also, was not as successful as was hoped. But that was of small consequence. The enemy was losing.
A small Mamluk foray across the north of Africa was stopped before it began – not to result in the embarrassments of the last war.
Embarrassment was reserved for the Baltic Sea, where the Muscovites had blockaded ports, and we hadn’t anything nearby to contest them. A fleet was being sent from the Mediterranean.
In the midst of all this conflict, the religious situation was improving for Milan. Erfurt converted, and would become a bulwark of right-thinking in the middle of the German countryside. Hopefully, that would result in other German defections to Protestantism.
And, right next to Erfurt, a second missionary is attempting to convert the Catholics of Anhalt, in order to further hasten the reformation of Germany.
Sforza Testi’s war in the sands south of Cairo continued, but was drawing to a close. The enemy was being bled dry.
But, even so, Milanese troops were exhausted too. They withdrew.
To the north, Testi’s brother warred with the last of the Mamluk armies in Syria, with more success. He would soon return to Adana.
Cario finally fell. The enemy was devastated at Aleppo.
By the end of December, the last of Mamluk resistance in Egypt was being ground into dust. The war in Syria continued to do well.
And, as a welcome side note to all the bloodshed, the Tunisian province of Constantine was successfully converted to Protestantism.