Clearly they did not.
This is just to make a point, as it is becoming annoying that you can be so blinded by patriotism for your country.
We’ll go through the list of cultural techs used in-game, one-by-one, and see where they were principally developed. All the cultural techs are considered cultural achievements, even if in hindsight we do not view it in that same way – they are given good effects upon discovery in-game.
In addition, they are awarded to a nation (or area) for that nation (or area) having significant persons of mention being key players in the forwarding of that cultural aspect. Of course there were more key players, but these are awarded for the first few pioneers of such cultural ‘achievements’.
1) AESTHETICS
a) Classicism & Early Romanticism – Western Europe
b) Romanticism – Western Europe
c) Realism – France and Italy in particular
d) Impressionism – France in particular
e) Expressionism – Germany in particular
f) Mass Culture – Global (naturally – we’ll go halves or none on this one)
2) PHILOSOPHY
a) Late Enlightenment Philosophy – Western Europe
b) Idealism – UK in particular
c) Empiricism - UK in particular
d) Analytic Philosophy - UK and Austria in particular
e) Phenomenology & Hermeneutic – France
f) Anti-Rationalism – UK in particular
3) SOCIAL THOUGHT
a) Malthusian Thought – UK (Thomas Malthus)
b) Positivism – France in particular
c) Functionalism – Western Europe
d) Biologism – Western Europe
e) Social Science – Western Europe
f) Social Alienation – Germany in particular
4) POLITICAL THOUGHT
a) Enlightenment Thought - Europe
b) Ideological Thought – Europe (development of Liberalism, Socialism, Communism and Fascism)
c) State & Government – Neither: everywhere had its own balance between these
d) Nationalism & Imperialism – Neither: national identities already established everywhere
e) Revolution & Counterrevolution – Particular consciousness by those in Europe
f) Mass Politics – Hard to tell: all countries had major political parties
5) PSYCHOLOGY
a) Introspectionism - Germany
b) Associationism – UK and France in particular
c) Phenomenalism – UK in particular
d) Experimental Psychology – Germany in particular
e) Psychoanalysis – Austria in particular
f) Behaviourism – U.S.A. in particular
I know this list isn’t perfect, but it was always going to be general. Of course there are other nations with input into many aspects of cultural advancement, but generally these are the nations with significant leaders in those fields.
Anyway, this list shows that Europe developed most of the cultural aspects of the 19th century. In addition to these points, it was European cities like Paris, London, Rome, etc... that were the fashion capitals of the world - Paris being generally regarded as the most fashionable city in the world even after WW1. European culture really was the global culture at the time: photography, cinema, as well as other forms of art all being developed within Europe. This is culture.
Also, I know this has been very rude, but your patriotism (although admirable) was beginning to become insulting and rude as well. Whether you like it or not, the 19th century (and partly into the 20th century as well) was the age of EUROPEAN dominance. Any historian could tell you this. America only really became the pre-eminent western culture following WW2 and the subsequent dismantling of European global influence in their respective Empires.