Chapter 6
Travel to Crimea – overview of Pecheneg Khanate – Kortan-Khan – How Siran met Kwassaana – Story of Kwassaana
The exempt from the “History of Princess Siran”, written by court eunuch Boghos Arranshahik:
“In the year 350 by Armenian count (901 AD) I was ordered to follow the great and illustrious princess Siran to the land of Pechenegs, to ask for protection of their king. And with rich gifts and tribute and an escort, for the roads of Armenia were not safe, we began our journey.
At first we came to the city of Tbilisi, capital of Georgian kings, which was said to rival Ani of forty gates and one thousand and one churches itself, before Pechenegs sacked it and reduced it to rabble. Nowadays Georgian people were permitted to return to the city and begun rebuilding it. The ruler of the city was out in the hills, for he is Pecheneg, and they despise cities.
And from Tbilisi we came to the city of Batumi by the sea. Georgian prince rules here, and the city was spared the desolation, for their prince betrayed queen of Georgia and defected to Pechenegs. In other places of Georgian kingdom his name is cursed by all, but people of Batumi calls him Dimitri the Saviour and loves him for he delivered them from evil of Pecheneg sword.
Batumi is noisy and dirty town, and is no match to Ani, but has busy port and merchants from all corners of Earth come here. Here we employed a ship to get us to Crimea across the sea.
And in Crimea we came to the city of Theodosia, which is populated by Greeks, and pays tribute to Pechenegs.
And here permit me to tell you about the land of Pechenegs. It’s a great and vast land, stretches from Crimea in the west till the end of the known world in the east. Countless peoples and tribes live under Pecheneg yoke, though one might argue that said yoke is not hard. Every faith known to man is professed in Pecheneg lands: there are, among others, those who follow Jewish faith of Khazars, who are now Pecheneg tributaries, and those who follow Mohammedan faith in the emirates that was crushed by Pechenegs. There are even those, who follow words of Mani, the false prophet whom Bahram of Iran of old skinned alive and stuffed his skin with sawdust and hanged on a tree.
"Execution of Mani", Persian miniature, 1315
As for those who profess true faith of Christ, there are Greeks and Georgians who follow Greek writes and believe in two natures of Christ, the heretics. And there are few of those who follow the one and true word of Holy Armenian Apostolic.
As for Pechenegs themselves, apart from those who are Manichean, they are mostly heathens believing in Tengri, Eternal Blue Sky.
And from the city of Theodosia we came to the place where their khan was, for Pechenegs possess no cities, and when there’s no war their khan roams in steppes with his innumerable herds, and when the summer breaks he leaves cold steppes of North and comes to Crimea, where it’s warmer.
The khan’s camp is a vast sea of tents and yurts, bigger than most cities. There are churches and smithies and merchants and their shops and everything that one may find in any city on Earth is here in khan’s camp.
And so we came seeking audience with khan and gave great gifts to the khan’s entourage to fast-track our business, as it is customary among them.
The khan’s tent is a great and remarkable structure, bigger than any palace and full of silks and golden decorations and loot taken from his many campaigns.
The khan, whose name is Kortan, hears the petitioners from beyond richly decorated cover, embroiled with pearls and precious stones, for he is punished with a terrible disease of leprosy. The punishment worthy of countless crimes he committed against Christians and churches and monasteries he looted and burned, and good Christians he enslaved.
And he heard our case and thought about, and then sent his courtiers to take our gifts and our tribute, and proclaimed that Armenia will be under his protection, from now until the all the time runs out. And he set the annual tribute for us to pay to enjoy this protection. And he avowed that if we fail to deliver our tribute, he will come in all his might and reduce us to ashes.
And here I will tell the story how Siran met Kwassaana.
Pechenegs are a warlike people, and love war. And so, when there’s no war, they play in war, and made games and shows and tournaments so everyone willing can show his military prowess.
Among those countless people who dwell in khan’s camp there was a dark-skinned warrior, who was stronger than most, and was extremely good with a spear. And princess took a liking at him, and invited him to dine with us one day. And after dinner he told his story, which I will now retell:
“The warrior, whose name was Kwassaana, was of Beja people, called Blemmyes by Greeks, who dwell beyond Egypt. He claimed, that his ancestry traces to the time of Egypt of old, that they come from priest-kings of Thebes, who ruled Egypt thousand years before Birth of our Lord. Whether or not this is true I cannot say.
Burial mask of pharaoh Psusennes I, who, according to Beja beliefs, belong to their people.
This warrior was son of king among his tribe of Bazin, one among Beja tribes. His brother was afraid of him, and so betrayed him and beat him and threw him in desert to die. But he was found by slave-traders on service of Shi’a caliph in Egypt, so he was brought to the palace of caliph and brought up as a warrior slave, customary among Mohameddans.
He, however, disliked being a slave didn’t want to give up the faith of Christ, so when send to war with Greeks he ran away and made his way through the Greek lands into the land of Pechenegs, where no one cared about him, or his faith or his previous slavery. And due to his natural strength and skills with a spear he made a decent living among Pechenegs, fighting as a mercenary infantryman, for while Pechenegs are great horsemen, they dislike fighting on foot, and rely on mercenaries and tributaries for that.”
And so he told his story and princess took liking in him and desired to marry him.
Futile were my endeavors to dissuade her. When I said that it’s not proper for princess of ancient house Bagratuni to marry a barbarian, she said that she believes in his words that his line comes from rulers of Egypt before Christ.
And when I said that I saw better matches to her, she asked whether seeing too much is bothering me, for in that case she may help by removing my eyes. And here I digressed, for princess was known to be cruel in her anger.
And thus the marriage was made between Siran of house Bagratuni and Kwassaana of house Ini.