Chapter 32 : Unternehmen 'Marita'
Panzerschiff "Scharnhorst", Brest - 1941, February the 11th - 1930
Kapitän-zur-see Hoffmann, CO "Scharnhorst", meets Generaladmiral Saalwächter, CO MarineGruppenKommando West.
- "Willkommen an bord der "
Scharnhorst", Admiral !
- Thanks a lot, Kapitän. It has been reported to me that you had a successful trip ?
- That's a way to formulate it, Admiral. Considering the little amount of time we spent on sea...
But, yes : Unternehmen "
Berlin I" could be considered as a success.
- This operation was merely a test, Kapitän. As you know, it's important for GrossAdmiral
Raeder to show that surface warships can contribute to the 'Battle of Atlantic', other than on a symbolic manner. The Battleship '
Bismarck' and heavy cruiser '
Prinz Eugen' are to be rebased very soon in
Bergen for a major sortie in North Atlantic. Your Geschwader will operate in the same time to divide the Royal Navy's attention.
- We haven't seen any british warships in our patrol zone, Admiral. We just met one escorted convoy but it was no match for us. The 6 days we spent on sea were merely a turkey shooting...
- How many "kills" ?
-
11 freighters and one escort. And scratched paint on some of our destroyers...
- Things might differ a bit if you meet some british battleships next time. I'm going to meet General
Sperrle of the
Luftflotte 3 to make sure MY ships will have the proper air support."
AussenMinisterium (State Department), Berlin - 1941, March the 2nd - 1400
Meeting between Foreign Minister von Ribbentropp and Admiral Canaris, Abwehr Chef (Head of Intelligence).
- "Ahh ! Admiral ! How nice to see you. I wanted to tell you that your analysis concerning Bulgaria was correct.
- They finally joined our side ?
- Indeed. Prime minister
Bogdan Filov signed a non-aggression pact with us two weeks ago and yesterday, Bulgaria became a new member of the Tripartite Pact. We are free to move our troops on bulgarian soil and we have a new ally !
- I don't want to be a mood killer, Herr Reichsminister, but on a military point of view, Bulgaria is a joke.
Besides, if we achieved this diplomatic "success", it's only because Germany still have a non-aggression pact with the USSR. Bulgarians are Slavs, don't forget it !
- What do you mean ?
- It's quite simple, Herr Reichsminister. Shall we attack the USSR as it is planned, I can pretty much guarantee you that they won't even lift a finger to help us to fight their "brethrens". I'm not even sure they would ever directly participate in a war against Greece or Yugoslavia...
They have some territorial interest in Yugoslav Macedonia and Greek Western Thrace but they expect us to do the dirty job and then, they will turn the situation to their advantage.
- At least, with Bulgaria on our side, Turkey will remain quiet.
- For now, Herr Reichsminister... just for now."
ReichsFührung der SS, Berlin - 1941, March the 20th - 1000
Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler meets Brigadeführer Gottlob Berger, Chef des SS-Hauptamtes.
- "Berger ! In my office, NOW !!!
.........................
- So. As you know, hostilities will soon begin against the Soviet Union and I want my SS to be the spearhead of this modern crusade.
What's the status of the Waffen-SS units right now ?
- Herr Reichsführer, We currently have 4 complete divisions, plus the
Leibstandarte, which is merely a strong brigade and...
LSSAH will be a full division
- We should change that and make it a full division too !
- I'm already working on it, Herr Reichsführer, but it will take some time. This Summer may be...
It's one thing to create a division on paper, it's an other one to find the men and the equipment, you know.
- Ja, ja, Berger. I know the song !
And what about this new unit you are setting-up in Norway ?
-
Kampfgruppe 'Nord' ? On paper, the unit is ready since the end of February. But I seriously doubt of its efficiency. Not enough training, not enough equipment. Do you really want to send it against the Soviets ?
- If Finland joins us, yes. We need the SS-banner up to the Arctic Circle !
- Well... Still, don't expect too much from them. Right now, the SS-units are mostly devoted for second-line duties. Roughly 10 brigade-sized formations, including a cavalry brigade, habe been raised and trained for anti-partisan and security operations.
- I will change that, Berger, you'll see !!!"
Hauptquartier des Afrika-Korps, Benghazi - 1941, March the 31st - 1630
General Rommel, CO DAK, meets Generalmajor Gause, his Chief of Staff.
- "Generalmajor Gause reporting for duty, Sir !
- Ach, Gause. Don't be so formal. Na ? How was your meeting with our italian friends ?
- The Governor-General of Libya
Gariboldi sends his regards and wants to know the state of our readiness. He seemed surprized it took so long to move our 3 divisions across the Mediterranean.
Berlin... the DAK has landed.
- The
Deutsches Afrika-Korps is now fully combat-ready. I grant you it could have been faster but, unfortunatly, the Regia Marina didn't lend us enough transport ships. A general just has to sit in a plane and a few hours later, he's in Africa. Moving an entire corps, 30.000 troops and nearly 500 tanks is an other story !
- That's exactly what I answered him, Herr General, but it seemed he took our criticism personally. If you want my opinion, he was expecting to see YOU instead of me, a simple "underling", for our first contact on african soil.
- Ja, ja... I know. However, first, you're not an "underling" but my Chief of Staff and, second, if officially we are subordonated to him, Berlin still gave me very clear directives : the
DAK stays under MY sole authority. I just have to be "diplomatic" with our brothers-in-arms i.e. to take care not to hurt their pride. And it's going to be tough, mein lieber Gause !
- Even more than you think, Herr General...
- Explain yourself !
Italian army under pressure...
- Governor-General
Gariboldi told me that the italian army is in dire straits in Egypt. 2 weeks ago, the Brits took back
Abu Keifu and now, they're attacking the italian main defense line at
El Hammam. According to the reports from the front, our friends and allies won't be able to hold very long ; some units already started to retreat towards
El Alamein...
- Well... Not a big surprise, isn't it ? General
Halder told me to expect such a situation just before I came here.
All right ! The vacation is over, Gause. Let's start moving the
Afrika-Korps to
Tobruk. It's time to greet our british friends..."
Hauptquartier OberKommando 'Norwegen', Oslo - 1941, April the 1st - 1500
Meeting between Konteradmiral Cilliax, BefehlsHaber OK 'Norwegen', and General von Falkenhorst, Befehlsstelle 'Finnland'.
- "You wanted to see me, Admiral ?
- In der Tat, General von Falkenhorst. It's now time for you to pack your gear.
- May I ask where I'm supposed to go ?
-
Oulu... In Finland. Don't forget a fur-lined swimsuit ; the water in Gulf of Bothnia is a bit cold...
- I understand... The Finns are on our side, then ?
Finns are tough in business
- Exactly. I just received the confirmation from General
Jodl himself. They are our allies now.
- If they want to recover the lost territories, they don't have many options left. I assume they didn't sign the treaty for free...
- Right once again. The Reich will deliver them huge quantities of war equipment to modernize their armed forces. As if we didn't have enough issues to supply our own units... Anyhow, it's not my concern.
From now on, General von Falkenhorst, you're no longer my subordonate. You'll take your orders directly from the
OKW in Berlin. Move your divisions by train to
Kirkenes and once done, it's up to you, the
OKW and the finnish High-Command.
- I'm still missing one unit, the
169. ID.
- Check this with General
Jodl... You can dismiss."
OKH Hauptquartier, Berlin-Wünsdorf - 1941, April the 4th - 1130
Meeting between Feldmarschall von Brauchitsch, Chief of the OKH, and General Franz Halder, Chief of the General Staff.
- "Morgen, Herr Feldmarschall.
- Mmmhmmmmm... ja, ja... 'Morgen, General Halder.
- Hooo... You saw the Führer, haven't you ? Is he still in a fury ?
- More than ever, Halder, more than ever. He's simply mad at what he calls "the yugoslavian betrayal"...
What the Hell is going on here ?
- Well... Who could have guessed what happened ? From neutral to Axis to Allies. All in less than 3 days...
What are we going to do ? The Italians controlled Greece now, with the exception of Crete. What could the Brits possibly do ? To land on the yugoslavian coast ?
-
Marita has been cancelled. Instead, '
Weisung 25' is now on schedule. We're going to attack Yugoslavia with all our armed forces in the Balkans.
- When ?
- April, 6th. In the same time, General
Löhr, CO
Luftflotte 4, will launch '
Unternehmen Strafgericht' (
'retribution' NotA). Series of massive carpet bombing of
Belgrad with 500 aircrafts... It is expected to destroy most of the industrial installations in the Yugoslavian capital as well as the AAA defenses. Their morale is going to take a hit in the same time.
- Quite brutal but it might be useful to our plans.
- Let's review these, General Halder.
- Jawohl, Herr Feldmarschall !
OKH, allies and Luftwaffe
For this operation, we're going to have a strong Hungarian participation, with their
3. Hadsereg :
14 divisions and
one airborne regiment. It will be under your direct command.
Air support will be provided by General
Löhr's
Luftflotte 4. Its components are already largely spread throughout the region : all together,
900 bombers,
400 'stukas' and
700 fighters from type
Me-109 or
Me-110. It's more than enough to achieve total air superiority and to support our ground forces.
The ground elements consist of 2 Armies and one Panzergruppe. All together,
33 divisions among them
11 armored and
3 motorized divisions. To this sum, we should also had
3 motorized brigade-sized formations. Our allies included, it represents a fighting force of over
500.000 men.
Considering the low state of preparation of the Yugoslavian armed forces, the multiplication of our axis of attack, it shouldn't take long, Herr Feldmarschall.
- I'm aware of that. But on the eve of '
Barbarossa', we must avoid unnecessary casualties, mostly among our armoured units !!!
This being said, carry on, please.
Initially thought to be a ressource pool for '
Marita', the
2. Armee of General
von Weichs will participate directly to this campaign. To its original 10 divisions, it will be reinforced with the
LII. AK of the
11. Armee, currently forming. Our reserve divisions will also be assigned in its operation area. All together, over
160.000 men in
16 divisions, incl.
6 mot./arm.
Hungarian
3. Hadsereg is already facing the bulk of the Yugoslavian armed forces. General
Novak's mission is merely to fix them while we strike deep in the Yugaslavian territory, by-passing them. In addition to his infantry divisions, General
Novak has a Rapid Corps,
GyorHadtest, at his disposal. Of course, should a breakthrough opportunity ever occur, he's free to exploit it.
Both
2. Armee and
3. Hadsereg will strike from the North. As I previously mentioned, the role of the Hungarian Army is merely static.
General
von Weichs's mission is to occupy
Ljubljana,
Zagreb, and then to drive south towards the coast to take
Split.
- Weren't the Italians supposed to help us ?
- They were, Herr Feldmarschall. In the original Plan, their
2. Armata was supposed to participate but with all their forces mostly commited in Greece and North Africa, we really don't know what they're going to do.
- Well... Not a very big issue. Go on !
Weisung 25 : the invasion of Yugoslavia
Eastern and Southern parts of Yugoslavia will be attacked by the
1. Panzergruppe and the
12. Armee.
General
Kleist's
1. Panzergruppe has the task to take
Belgrad as General
List's
12. Armee has been ordered to seize
Skopje and to strike deep inside Yugoslavia with
Sarajevo and the port of
Dubrovnik as final objective.
The
1. Panzergruppe has only
6 divisions and
one mot. regiment but half of them are elite formations with proven combat experience. Furthermore, the terrain is quite favourable for motorized formation and the distance to their objective,
Belgrad, isn't that great. They will also benefit of strong air support from our air units in Roumania and Bulgaria.
Further south is the
12. Armee. Nearly
130.000 men within
11 divisions, and
2 mot. regiments. With
4 arm./mot. formations, it's a good mix to operate in this region. I have total faith in General
List's skills to fulfill his mission.
- What about our airborne forces ?
- I spoke with General
Jeschonnek, Luftwaffen Chief of Staff. According to him, the
XI. Fliegerkorps is to be send in
Athens for "special assignment"...
- Probably something that has to do with Crete.
- It's also my opinion, Herr Feldmarschall.
However, I managed to get back our
22. Luftlande-Division, originally an 'Heeres' formation. It's now resting in
Budapest under the authority of the
11. Armee and it's available for any mission.
- Like an air assault on
Belgrad's airfield for instance ?
- I already gave instructions to General
von Sponeck, its Commanding Officer, to study such an eventuality..."