New states in Russia in 1444

[Omogoy]

1) Merya. Capital Galich-Mersky, Galich of Merya. In the province of Vetluga, a separate vassal state of Mari can be created.
The leader of Merya is Dmitry Shemyakahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dmitry_Shemyaka, who in 2 years will become the Grand Duke of Muscovy.
Surely, among his peers and associates, Meryans and "Meryano-Russians" were in the majority, since his nickname Shemyaka is Meryan-Mari. In the XV-XVI centuries. it was widely used in the Upper Volga region, and later recorded as a Mari proper name. Meaning - "dark" (dark-haired / swarthy). Or maybe so: "Darkest" - with an emphasis not on appearance, but on character.
2) Mozhaisk. The leader Ivan of Mozhaisk https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Иван_Андреевич_(князь_можайский) is Merya's ally.
3) Viatka is an independent pirate republic. They are also Merya's allies.
4) Horde of Ulu Muhammad https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulugh_Muhammad. Former Khan of the Golden Horde, who was defeated by Kuchuk Muhammad. He is at war with Muscovy because the former vassal does not want to pay tribute when the overlord lost.
5) Suzdal. The leader - Vasily Shuiskyhttps://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Шуйский,_Василий_Юрьевич - is the offspring of an ancient dynasty.
6) Bulgaria. Leader - Ali-bek. Ruined by plague, frequent wars and pirates, this pale shadow of the former power of the last descendants of the Huns. They observed the decline of Islam and a return to Tengrism, Turumism - from the Chuvash language.
8) Muscovy. Leader - Vasily II https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasily_II_of_Moscow. Leads the fight with the former overlord, Ulu Mohammed.

 

[Omogoy]

In Crusaders Kings 3, the Burtases were mistakenly made Chuvash. Unlike the Chuvash, the Burtases lived on the territory of the modern Penza region, where they had one of the largest cities of the Golden Horde, Ukek. Ukek was completely destroyed by Timur, the Chagatai emir https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Укек. The cities of the Golden Horde, for example, Bolgar, Ukek, Saray, did not recover after the invasion of Timur. In fact, Timur destroyed the Golden Horde.

 

[Omogoy]

Administrative-territorial division of the Golden Horde in the XIII-XIV century http://www.hist.vsu.ru/orda/maps/map2.jpg.
1. Ulus of "Nogay". 2. Ulus of "Burundai". 3. Ulus of "Mautsi". 4. "Crimea". 5. Ulus of "Cartan", son-in-law of Batu. 6. "Chervleny Yar". 7. "Mordva". 8. "Sartak", that is, the son of Batu. 9. "Astrakhan". 10. "Berke" (Northern Caucasus). 11. "Derbent". 12. "Bulgar". 13. "Saray". 14. "Bashkiria". 15. Ulus between the rivers Yaik and Emba. 16. "Mangyshlak". 17. "Khwarezm". 18. "Tyumen". 19. Ulus of "Shiban", that is, Genghisid Shiban. 20. "Ishim". 21. Ulus "Singkum". 22. Ulus of "Ordu-Ichan". 23. Territory, there is no information about entering any ulus.

I'm interested in Chervleny Yar https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Червлёный_Яр. Also, the city of Mokhshi (Narovchat) is marked as the center of the ulus of Mordva. Ukek is separated into a separate ulus. It can be called Burtasia.

 

[Aramenian]

I think that is how you can divide the territory of today's Russia.

Crimean Khanate - Hacı I Giray Capital citya; Bakhchysarai

Great Horde(Uluğ Orda) - Sayid Ahmad I Capital citya; Bali-Saray

Great Country(Ulug Ulus)/Astrakhan - Küchük Muhammad Capital city: Astrakhan

The cause of Küchük Muḥammad was not helped by the ongoing rivalry between him and Sayyid Aḥmad. Although master of Sarai, Küchük Muḥammad remained based primarily on Astrakhan. Large sections of the Golden Horde remained outside his control, most notably the north under Ulugh Muḥammad, the southwest under Sayyid Aḥmad, and the east under Abu'l-Khayr of the Uzbeks and Maḥmūdāq of Sibir.

Mishar /Meshchyora - Ulugh Muhammad Capital city: Murom/Nizhny Novgorod

Mishar Yurt - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Мещёра (область) — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Volga Bulgaria/Volga–Kama/Bulgar

Bulgars - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

- Libey (Ali Bey) Capital city: Kazan

Malmyzh principality Capital city:Malmyzh Culture:Mari

Малмыжское княжество — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Karin Principality Capital city: Karino Culture:Udmurt

Каринское княжество — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Murunza/Temnikov Principality Capital city:Temnikov Culture:Moksha

Temnikov Principality - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Mordvin Tatars - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Mukhsha Ulus - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[Omogoy]

I think that is how you can divide the territory of today's Russia.

Crimean Khanate - Hacı I Giray Capital citya; Bakhchysarai

Great Horde(Uluğ Orda) - Sayid Ahmad I Capital citya; Bali-Saray

Great Country(Ulug Ulus)/Astrakhan - Küchük Muhammad Capital city: Astrakhan

The cause of Küchük Muḥammad was not helped by the ongoing rivalry between him and Sayyid Aḥmad. Although master of Sarai, Küchük Muḥammad remained based primarily on Astrakhan. Large sections of the Golden Horde remained outside his control, most notably the north under Ulugh Muḥammad, the southwest under Sayyid Aḥmad, and the east under Abu'l-Khayr of the Uzbeks and Maḥmūdāq of Sibir.

Mishar /Meshchyora - Ulugh Muhammad Capital city: Murom/Nizhny Novgorod

Mishar Yurt - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Мещёра (область) — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Volga Bulgaria/Volga–Kama/Bulgar

Bulgars - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

- Libey (Ali Bey) Capital city: Kazan

Malmyzh principality Capital city:Malmyzh Culture:Mari

Малмыжское княжество — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Karin Principality Capital city: Karino Culture:Udmurt

Каринское княжество — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Murunza/Temnikov Principality Capital city:Temnikov Culture:Moksha

Temnikov Principality - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Mordvin Tatars - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Mukhsha Ulus - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

View attachment 909846

If you make the Crimean Khanate a vassal of Poland-Lithuania, then it will turn out to be generally impregnable for Tatar attacks. And of course, Poland-Lithuania will allocate its steppe lands to the Crimean Khanate. Or you can make Crimea and Poland allies. Because the Crimean Khan enjoyed a very large autonomy.

For other principalities, vassal-suzerain relations are also needed. If Ulu-Muhammed eventually managed to make even Muscovy his vassal, then Mordva, Ryazan, Bulgar succumbed to him much more easily, that is, they became vassals. I think other Finno-Ugric principalities were his vassals. Because being the Khan of the Golden Horde, Ulu-Mohammed used to be their overlord.

Muscovy, as I suggested, was also strongly divided. Merya, with its capital in Galich, did not give him any help. The Mozhaisk prince too, on the contrary, the Mozhaisk prince captivated Vasily II after the return of his Tatar captivity, Merya and Mozhaisk blinded him, therefore Vasily II had the nickname Blind or Dark.

 

[Aramenian]

If you make the Crimean Khanate a vassal of Poland-Lithuania, then it will turn out to be generally impregnable for Tatar attacks. And of course, Poland-Lithuania will allocate its steppe lands to the Crimean Khanate. Or you can make Crimea and Poland allies. Because the Crimean Khan enjoyed a very large autonomy.

The Crimean Khanate should be in alliance with Lithuania and Poland.
The French wikipedia says that the Crimean Khanate received suzerainty over Yedisan from Lithuania
The Crimean Khanate was founded in 1428 and soon after obtained from the Lithuanians the right of suzerainty over Yedisan, from where the Moldavians had to withdraw their garrisons and fleet. Hadji Girayconfirms the rights of the descendants of Hadji Bey on Moldoveanca (or Moldowanka) which will henceforth be called Khadjibeï 26 , the future Odessa .

Yedisan — Wikipédia

fr.wikipedia.org

For other principalities, vassal-suzerain relations are also needed. If Ulu-Muhammed eventually managed to make even Muscovy his vassal, then Mordva, Ryazan, Bulgar succumbed to him much more easily, that is, they became vassals. I think other Finno-Ugric principalities were his vassals. Because being the Khan of the Golden Horde, Ulu-Mohammed used to be their overlord.

I think some of these countries should be Tributaries and some vassals.

 

[Aramenian]

I wonder about the situation of the Bashkirs in 1444
The Nogai Khanate was founded in 1440 and the Khanate of Kazan in 1446-1447, these states did not have a strong power over the Bashkir tribes.

Spoiler

Башкирские племена — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

In the XIV-XVI centuries, the Union of Seven Bashkir Tribes (ete yryu) was formed on the territory of the southern and southeastern regions, which included the tribes of Burzyan, Tamyan, Tangaur, Usergan, Kara-Kypsak, Sankem-Kypsak, Kypsak, headed in the 2nd half of the 15th century by Masim Khan.

Even Wikipedia mentions the Bashkirs who are in alliance with the Khanate of Kazan.

Башкортостан в эпоху Казанского ханства — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Spoiler

In the middle of the 15th century, the Kazan Khanate arose under the control of the Genghisides . Bashkir-Kazan relations were a continuation of the Golden Horde tradition. The Bashkir population formalized their patrimonial rights to the lands from the Kazan Khan, this right was the main condition for accepting the citizenship of the Khan. Even during the internecine war for the throne of the Golden Horde between Ulug-Mukhamet and Barak , the Bashkirs supported Ulug-Mukhamet, who is considered the founder of the Kazan Khanate. The ancestor of Ulug-Mukhamet is Tokhtamysh , who during his reign was able to create a military-political support in Bashkortostan [1] .

Prince Andrey Kurbsky indicates that the Bashkirs lived "up the great rivers of Kama", and also lists the languages of the peoples of the Kazan Khanate - Mordovian, Chuvash, Cheremis, Votyatsky (Ar) and Bashkir [2] . Initially, a significant part of Historical Bashkortostan belonged to the Kazan Khanate to varying degrees, or was in allied relations with the Kazan Khan . An exception is the limits of eastern Bashkortostan, which were part of the Siberian Khanate .

On the basis of contractual vassal-seigneurial relations, the Kama-Ik Bashkirs were subjects of the Khan, and the Bashkirs of the northern, central and southern regions were in allied relations with the Kazan Khan of Kazan. With the weakening of the central government in the Kazan Khanate and with the rise of the Nogai Horde , the northwestern territories of Historical Bashkortostan remain under the direct jurisdiction of the khan. The border of Nogai Bashkiria with the Kazan Khanate ran along the rivers Ika and Kama . Later, Sarysh-Kipchak , Tangaur , Ai , Burzyan , Girey ,Ilanskaya , Irekhtinskaya , Suun-Kipchakskaya , Minsk , Sanyryanskaya , Tabynskaya , Tamyanskaya , Yurmiyskaya , Kurpech-Tabynskaya , Taininskaya , Kyrgyz , Yaneyskaya , Tyshky-Ilanskaya tribal volosts. According to the assumption of Yu. M. Yusupov , it was these Bashkir tribes that made up the main population of the Ik basin, which is part of the Kazan Khanate [3]. Some researchers suggest that this area in the khanate was a separate administrative unit

I also wonder if it would not be possible to break up or weaken the Uzbek Khanate.

wikipedia mentions Mustafa who seems to be the ruler of Orda's Ulus (the left wing of the Golden Horde) and that he got defeated by the founder of the Uzbek Khanate Abu'l-Khayr Khan.

Wings of the Golden Horde - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Spoiler

After Baraq's murder, the Horde divided into two parts with 2 khans - Mohammed and Mustafa. Mustafa reconquered the Horde, though, in Siberia appeared another threat of Abu'l-Khayr Khan. In 1446 the latter gained the victory over Mustafa, ending the existence of Orda's Ulus (the left wing of the Golden Horde).

 

[Aramenian]

It seems that the golden horde was more broken
Mustafa controls Saray-beke and Küchük Muhammad regained it only in 1446.

Khan of the Golden Horde​

Spoiler

For some time he gathered his strength. In 1438, after the start of the war against the Golden Horde, Abulkhair decided to once again try to capture Sarai-Berke. This was achieved in 1440. However, Mustafa had to fight against the khans Kichi-Muhammad and Said-Ahmad. In 1444, it was probably Khan Mustafa who made a devastating raid on the great principality of Ryazan, but suffered losses due to severe frosts. In the end, in the Battle of the Listyan River, he was defeated by the Moscow army led by Vasyl Obolensky. According to the chronicles, Mustafa supposedly died. Therefore, perhaps there is confusion: whether Mustafa was seriously wounded, or whether Mustafa died, but not the khan, but one of the emirs.
In 1446, he was forced to retreat from Sarai-Berke, where Kichi-Muhammad once again took the throne.

Мустафа (хан Золотої Орди) — Вікіпедія

uk.wikipedia.org

 

[Omogoy]

It seems that the golden horde was more broken
Mustafa controls Saray-beke and Küchük Muhammad regained it only in 1446.

Khan of the Golden Horde​

Spoiler

For some time he gathered his strength. In 1438, after the start of the war against the Golden Horde, Abulkhair decided to once again try to capture Sarai-Berke. This was achieved in 1440. However, Mustafa had to fight against the khans Kichi-Muhammad and Said-Ahmad. In 1444, it was probably Khan Mustafa who made a devastating raid on the great principality of Ryazan, but suffered losses due to severe frosts. In the end, in the Battle of the Listyan River, he was defeated by the Moscow army led by Vasyl Obolensky. According to the chronicles, Mustafa supposedly died. Therefore, perhaps there is confusion: whether Mustafa was seriously wounded, or whether Mustafa died, but not the khan, but one of the emirs.
In 1446, he was forced to retreat from Sarai-Berke, where Kichi-Muhammad once again took the throne.

Мустафа (хан Золотої Орди) — Вікіпедія

uk.wikipedia.org

View attachment 913545

I wanted to object, but no. Indeed, in 1444-1446, Mustafa, the son of Ghiyas-ad-din II, the grandson of Shadibek from the Tukatimurid dynasty, became the ruler of the Great Horde. This seems to be confirmed only numismatically https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/m...a-pravleniya-mahmuda-hana-bolshey-ordy/viewer.
But at first, Mustafa Khan lived in Northern Kazakhstan, Southern Siberia. On this map, Mustafa's possessions in the early 1400s are marked with the Roman numeral IV. These are the lands of the Ulus of Shiban https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiban, the left wing of the Golden Horde, or otherwise called the Blue Horde.
Moreover, numismatically, the son of Kuchuk-Muhammed, Mahmud, began to mint his coin in 1443, then he and his brother, Ahmed, were pushed aside by Abu'l-Khayr, who began to mint his own coin. Then Mustafa's coin appears. Subsequently, Mahmud became the founder of the Astrakhan Khanate, and his brother, Ahmed, reigned from Sarai-Batu. The repeatedly plundered Sarai-Batu has already ceased to be a convenient city for life. Therefore, Kuchuk-Muhammed chose Astrakhan as the capital, or in Tatar Hadji-Tarkhan.
It seems that Kuchuk Muhammad gave power to his sons, Ahmed and Mahmud, during his lifetime.

 

[Aramenian]

I wanted to object, but no. Indeed, in 1444-1446, Mustafa, the son of Ghiyas-ad-din II, the grandson of Shadibek from the Tukatimurid dynasty, became the ruler of the Great Horde. This seems to be confirmed only numismatically https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/m...a-pravleniya-mahmuda-hana-bolshey-ordy/viewer.
But at first, Mustafa Khan lived in Northern Kazakhstan, Southern Siberia. On this map, Mustafa's possessions in the early 1400s are marked with the Roman numeral IV. These are the lands of the Ulus of Shiban https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiban, the left wing of the Golden Horde, or otherwise called the Blue Horde.

View attachment 913890

According to wikipedia, he lost his Siberian possessions after the rebellion and fled to the Mangyshlak peninsula

Mangyshlak Peninsula - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Мустафа (хан Золотої Орди) — Вікіпедія

uk.wikipedia.org

Spoiler

In 1430, he first tried to intervene in the struggle for the Golden Horde throne, but failed. By 1431, he expanded his possessions in Siberia, to the Ob and the Irtysh. At the same time, Emir Wakkas with the Mangits goes over to Mustafa's side. together with them, Mustafa rebelled against Abulkhair, who was busy fighting against Said Ahmad , Khan of the Great Horde. In 1432 or 1433 he suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Abulkhair. As a result, Wakkas again recognized the supremacy of Abulkhair, and Mustafa fled to Mangishlak. As a result, Abulkhair consolidates his power over the Uzbek Khanate.

As for the name of the country
After Baraq's murder, the Horde divided into two parts with 2 khans - Mohammed and Mustafa. Mustafa reconquered the Horde, though, in Siberia appeared another threat of Abu'l-Khayr Khan. In 1446 the latter gained the victory over Mustafa, ending the existence of---> Orda's Ulus (the left wing of the Golden Horde).
The left wing, i.e. the White Horde

Wings of the Golden Horde - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

I also know that the left wing of the golden horde is also sometimes called the blue horde, so it may take that name.

 

[Brunwulf]

These proposais are interesring , it will lead to a warring state Era which stabilisé in reality in thé 1500

 

[macky527]

1 - How would a Pirate Republic work nowhere near a coast?
2 - You are literally making Kazan not own Kazan. Also a horde owning Nizhny Novgorod?
3 - This might nerf Muscovy too much, idk tho

 

[Omogoy]

1 - How would a Pirate Republic work nowhere near a coast?
2 - You are literally making Kazan not own Kazan. Also a horde owning Nizhny Novgorod?
3 - This might nerf Muscovy too much, idk tho

1 - They were river pirates. But they were not called pirates, but Ushkuyniks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushkuyniks. They could cross the land, pushing boats, as a matter of fact, the path from the Varangians to the Greeks was not everywhere river, and part of the way the ships moved overland, including where the Dnieper rapids were, where the ships would break.
If the game can't reproduce the Pirate River Republic, Europa Universalis V will take note.
Ushkuyniks was interested in fur, not gold. Fur was the monetary unit of Rus', because metal (iron and gold) never existed in Eastern Europe.
2 - Yes, if you literally follow the historical realities.
Ali-bek, the ruler-owner of Kazan, turned out to be from the same dynasty as Mustafa, that is, he was a brother from the Tuqatimurid dynasty. His father and Mustafa's father, Ghiyāth ad-Dīn II, died trying to conquer Sarai-Batu, that is, he wanted to become the khan of the Golden Horde.
In the English Wikipedia, only Mustafa was indicated, Alibek, his brother, was not indicated https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuqa-Timur.
3. Let Moscow sweat, otherwise they are accustomed to consider all the lands their own, native Russians.
It will be a challenge. If you care so much about the nerves of the players for Moscow, then why not make difficulty levels? That is, for beginners, and more realistic, for true strategists.

There are still differences between the Novgorod expansion and the Moscow one. Novgorodians preferred long expeditions of pirates for furs. They did not create fortresses, that is, they did not seek to annex territories, but to impose tribute.
Unlike Novgorod, Muscovy sought to conquer, assimilate or exterminate the indigenous people, to introduce Orthodoxy by force. Therefore, I think that for the eastern lands of Novgorod it is possible to create a Sami culture.

 

[macky527]

1 - They were river pirates. But they were not called pirates, but Ushkuyniks https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ushkuyniks. They could cross the land, pushing boats, as a matter of fact, the path from the Varangians to the Greeks was not everywhere river, and part of the way the ships moved overland, including where the Dnieper rapids were, where the ships would break.
If the game can't reproduce the Pirate River Republic, Europa Universalis V will take note.
Ushkuyniks was interested in fur, not gold. Fur was the monetary unit of Rus', because metal (iron and gold) never existed in Eastern Europe.
2 - Yes, if you literally follow the historical realities.
Ali-bek, the ruler-owner of Kazan, turned out to be from the same dynasty as Mustafa, that is, he was a brother from the Tuqatimurid dynasty. His father and Mustafa's father, Ghiyāth ad-Dīn II, died trying to conquer Sarai-Batu, that is, he wanted to become the khan of the Golden Horde.
In the English Wikipedia, only Mustafa was indicated, Alibek, his brother, was not indicated https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuqa-Timur.
3. Let Moscow sweat, otherwise they are accustomed to consider all the lands their own, native Russians.
It will be a challenge. If you care so much about the nerves of the players for Moscow, then why not make difficulty levels? That is, for beginners, and more realistic, for true strategists.

There are still differences between the Novgorod expansion and the Moscow one. Novgorodians preferred long expeditions of pirates for furs. They did not create fortresses, that is, they did not seek to annex territories, but to impose tribute.
Unlike Novgorod, Muscovy sought to conquer, assimilate or exterminate the indigenous people, to introduce Orthodoxy by force. Therefore, I think that for the eastern lands of Novgorod it is possible to create a Sami culture.

1 - My guess was that they were river pirates, but am asking how that would function IN-GAME, as navigable rivers arent a thing.
2 - Really? didnt know that Kazan didnt own their namesake city.
3 - My concern is not for Muscovy as a player. My concern is for the AI and there not being a strong russia. Maybe an event chain for Muscovy and Merya to fight and whoever wins full annexes the other with no seperatism? (Based on how Merya's ruler would later be the ruler of Muscovy)

 

[Aramenian]

2 - Really? didnt know that Kazan didnt own their namesake city.

The Khanate of Kazan was founded in 1445-1446 by Mäxmüd, son of Ulugh Muhammad.
Text from Polish Wikipedia https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanat_Kazański
In 1445, Ulugh Mehmed's son Mahmutek (1445–1462) defeated Vasily II at the Battle of Suzdal and took him prisoner, from which he was freed in return for the promise of paying a huge ransom and increasing the tribute. In the same year, Mahmutek also took Kazan, belonging to the local ruler Ali Beg, thus laying the foundations for the existence of the khanate. The following year, Mahmutek killed his father and his two brothers, Kasym and Jacob, fled to Moscow.
The areas where Ulugh Muhammad's horde stayed in 1444 are Mishar Yurt and Meshchera (region). And the capital of the horde was the city of Nizhny Novgorod, or Murom.

Meshchera Lowlands - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Мещёра (область) — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Mishar Yurt - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[moscal]

About nerfing Moscow.

This will not be problem, but region has an almost early power that often dominates eastern Europe. Poland + Lithuania + Moldavia. Moscow, leaded by AI after nerfing, can havent power to survive or transformation to important nation.

 

[Kretoma]

Sad. I wanted to ask the tread starter guy if he wants to help with the Tataria region of a mod. But he seems to be banned. Anyone knows what happened?

 

[macky527]

Wa

Sad. I wanted to ask the tread starter guy if he wants to help with the Tataria region of a mod. But he seems to be banned. Anyone knows what happened?

Wait, he got BANNED?!?

Darn wtf did he do, to me, he was just some guy who knew alot about russia/siberia

 

[Kretoma]

I still think people here should continue this somewhat, even when Paradox does not want to implement it. It seems that without cyryllic knownledge, most detailed history east of Poland gets lost to history interested people. At least i have prided myself for my european historical knownledge, but i knew nothing about the details of the Golden Horde breakup or the Russian Feudal War. It was really informative.

 

[Aramenian]

As for Volga Bulgaria, it seems that the country should be a formable country.
From what I read Volga Bulgaria broke up into four principalities .

Qashan Principality

Qashan Principality - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Qashan - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Cükätaw/Juketau Principality

Cükätaw - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Жукотинское княжество — Википедия

ru.wikipedia.org

Qazan/ Principality

1444- Ruler Ali Beg

КАЗАН БӘКЛӘГЕ (Казанское княжество) — Милләттәшләр

www.millattashlar.ru

İske Qazan - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Введение

Казанское ханство просуществовало чуть более столетия, но сыграло большую роль в истории татарского народа - в это время окончательно сложилась народность казанских татар

studwood.net

Bolgar Principality

БОЛГАР БӘКЛӘГЕ (Болгарское княжество) — Милләттәшләр

www.millattashlar.ru

Bolgar, Spassky District, Republic of Tatarstan - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

Казанское ханство.

В XIV веке Булгария была разделена на феодальные княжества - Буторное, Жукотинское, Люнгудское и Казанское. Постепенно возвышается Казанское княжество. Здесь была традиционная материальная и духовная культура населения Булгарии. Во главе

students-library.com

ИДЕЛ БОЛГАРЫ (Волжская Булгария) — Милләттәшләр

www.millattashlar.ru