That is dumb. Everything is wrong with Ming during how many updates?
IRL tributaries were pretty costly for Ming - return gifts were pretty big, but for China it was a matter of prestige, so their tributaries gained profit too.
I've read this far too often on the forums. It is simply wrong.
There is two things one should know about traditional chinese government & culture.
1.) Merchants (and trade) was considerd a low position in society.
Meanwhile (government) officials was considered the highest. Of course there were rich (and influencial) merchants in China, however they would usually aquire a position as an official in one way or another, since otherwise it was far too inconvient for them to conduct business. (Especially if they wanted to do business with the government or army)
This meant, that given the choice a merchant would act in his role of offical and find some official cover for conducting trade.
Most Importantly when it came to writing down their accounts they would do so. (And most of what we know about ancient china is what they wrote down after all)
So instead of "sold 10 tons of food to the army for x" the account could read "contributed 10t food to the army - received x as a reward"
Think of it like big companies nowadays. No one is really surprised if they are greedy and exploit their workers. But if they made an official statement admitting this, there would be an outrage.
The same was true for international trade of course. The officials couldn't conduct trade openly - it was considerd beneath their dignity after all. Since it's profitable they naturally still did it anyways, but they had to find a cover. So they called it "receiving Tribute" and "returning a Gift"
2.) This was convenient for another reason:
Since ancient times (Han Dynasty: 200 BCE - 220 CE) the chinese government was structured into "Three Departments and Six Ministries". These had very rigid jurisdiction and were absolutely not allowed to step outside of those. But there was no Ministry for something like trade.
In the end "Trade" (and foreign relations in general) came under the ministry of rites. But they obviously couldn't be responsible for this, as trade has nothing to do with rites. So everything had to be done under the cover of "rites". Conviently "paying tribute" fulfilled this.
This led to
a lot of things being considered as paying tribute by the chinese court. In reality it could be everything from actual tribute to vassal taxes over war reperations and even trade relations. Consequently in reality "Tributary" could also mean trading partners or allies.
So the statement that
tributaries gained profit too
is misleading at best. Certainly in cases, where "Tribute" in reality referred to trade relations, both parties profited from them. (That's the point of trade after all.) But there were also plenty of cases where the tributaries had no (economic) profit.