1512
Seville was the chief port of trade with the new Spanish colonies in America, and now that the city was under French rule, King Louis was approached by a steady stream of prospective colonists hoping to try their fortunes across the sea. His Majesty could see that colonization and exploration were France’s future, but the Treaty of Tordesillas greatly restricted his ability to do either. The king was not content with this arrangement, and planned to conquer both of his Iberian neighbors, leaving France as the sole colonial power in Europe.
On April 1st, he declared war on the Kingdom of Portugal, whose allies (Venice, Brandenburg, the Hanseatic League, Pommerania, and Hannover) declared war on France. Bayard and La Palice’s armies in Andalusia began their invasion of the Portuguese mainland, while Admiral Bidoux and his fleet were deployed to the North Sea to defend Britain from the Hanseatic League. On July 22nd, Algarve fell to the French, and in November the entire Hanseatic navy was destroyed. Bidoux was then ordered to set sail for Seville, whence a seaborne invasion of the Azores would be launched.
1513
Louis used most of the year’s tax revenue to pay for the construction of 17 new warships, knowing that the Portuguese navy was technologically superior to his own. On April 2nd, the French captured Lisbon and came into possession of maps depicting Portugal’s extensive discoveries in Africa and Asia. Oporto fell in November, and Bidoux successfully defeated a large Portuguese fleet in the Gulf of Cadiz before setting sail for the Azores with Pierre Bayard’s army onboard.
1514
Bayard landed in the islands on January 3rd, and they fell to his troops on the 14th of April. The following day, King Manuel I made peace with France by ceding the Azores and most of Portugal to King Louis.
France's European Territories and Possessions (April 15th, 1514)