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Rascal Nag

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Jan 22, 2013
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Vanilla TFH 4.02

Playing France, going for this comp in Europe:

4 armies
Each army:
3x INF corps (INF INF ART AT)
1x ARM corps (2x ARM MOT MOT SPART, 3x LARM MOT MOT AC)
1x Special Forces Corp (3x SPC SPC SPC ENG, 2x MOT MOT MOT ENG)

4x3 INT 2x3 TAC 1x3 CAS to start but expanding throughout the war

Navy unchanged from day 1

I made a first rough go of it, seemed to be enough to hold the line with no issues, but since I’m heading out for a work trip I figured I could ask for some tips and come back, tweak it and try to optimize it over the weekend when I come back. I messed up the math and was missing a couple brigades here and there but I was quite surprised at how well it all fit into France’s manpower and IC constraints right off the bat (Two year through peace time, war economy ASAP in jan 1937). I was down on officer ratio by Danzig or war but acceptable by the opening of western hostilities, and fully upgraded to 1938 with few 1940s. With some staggering and maybe some less focus on air doctrine (or at least not devoting 3-4 leadership to it at once) I think I could better prepare this, not to mention with a better comp - any suggestions? I also was lucky in that the republicans won the SCW and I recruited them to the Allies, but that’s quite a minor point.
 
Let's see. This is very much my own opinion and should not be seen as 'the meta':

The first big question is whether you will be using the AI to run this force, of will be moving corps, or even Divisions yourself.
If you're going to be handing it over to high level AI, this composition isn't too bad as each army has a bit of everything, so the AI can't screw up too bad by using a Tank army to defend a mountain a mountain range or a bunch of mountaineers to try and stop an enemy armoured spearhead.

If you're going to be doing things yourself, the big question is what you're planning to do with this force.
As it stands, each army is equipped to hold a part of the line (infantry, Mountaineers if part of the line is mountains or hills), and it holds a small mobile offensive force. This means that each army should be able to execute small scale breakthroughs with massed infantry and some Armour and then funnel the LArm and Mot units through the gap to encircle a province or two or to get to an objective. However, they are not equipped for larger scale offensive operations. Your Motorised forces being stuck in corps with slower Special forces means that the Motorised forces will outrun their corps HQ (or the latter will outrun the special forces) when you do large sweeping operations with multiple armies' offensive forces, which are in turn more likely to outrun their respective HQ's. I've assumed a 2-1 ratio of Mountaineers and Marines in your special forces.

How would I organise those same units into more specialised corps:
12x INF corps (INF INF ART AT) to hold the line and for combat in rough terrain (except mountains)
2x ARM corps (4x ARM MOT MOT SPART, LARM MOT MOT AC) for breaking through the enemy line
2x L ARM corps (5x LARM MOT MOT AC) for exploitation of said breakthrough.
2x Mot corps (4x MOT MOT MOT ENG) for mobile defence/exploitation (mobile fire brigade to hold the line or additional forces to hold the flanks of an armoured spearhead)
2x Alp Corps (4x Alp/Mtn Alp/Mtn Alp/Mtn (Eng) ) for fighting in the mountains
1x Mar Corps (4x Mar Mar Mar (Eng) ) for river crossings or amphibious operations
Now into armies:

Line Army 1 to hold the front against GER, mainly defensive
4x INF corps (INF INF ART AT)
Mot corps (4x MOT MOT MOT ENG)

Line Army2 to hold the front against GER, mainly defensive
5x INF corps (INF INF ART AT)

Alpine Army to hold the front against ITA, mainly defensive
3x INF corps (INF INF ART AT)
2x Alp Corps (4x Alp/Mtn Alp/Mtn Alp/Mtn (Eng) )

Tank Army for large scale offensive operations
2x ARM corps (4x ARM MOT MOT SPART, LARM MOT MOT AC)
2x L ARM corps (5x LARM MOT MOT AC)
Mot corps (4x MOT MOT MOT ENG)

Marine Corps in reserve could be swapped into Tank Army for river crossing operations or used independently for amphibious operations.

There are of course many possible variations here.

For example you could go for mixed mobile corps for exploitation and mobile defence with a mix of LARM MOT MOT AC and MOT MOT MOT ENG/SPART/TD

You could also go for 2 mobile armies with 1 ARM corps, 1 LARM corps, 1/2 Mot Corps each for more versatility instead of concentrating all your tanks in one army. These forces could then operate either as a tank army (breakthrough-> exploitation) or as a fire brigade to plug gaps in the defensive line and push back enemy offensives.

Now to Division composition:
INF INF ART AT (binary) is weaker on the defence than INF INF INF ART/AT (triangular), however with the smaller frontage of the former, you get more punch if you max out the frontage cap with 5 binary units rather than 4 triangular units (in the case of a 10-frontage battle). Of course, manpower is also a serious consideration and binary divisions will be less manpower-intensive. There is something to be said for simply having more Divisions allowing you to cover a longer front, at least temporarily.

ARM MOT MOT SPART This is fine, a good breakthrough division that will hold up well against a counter-attack.

LARM MOT MOT AC Also good, a division geared for speed perfect for exploiting a breakthrough (consider upgrading to Mec when that comes available for the ultimate speed demons). I do wonder whether you need quite so many of these though, a single corps of these is probably enough, maybe two. Instead I think more medium armour and motorised divisions would give you more flexibility.

SPC SPC SPC ENG This is a bit questionable. As France your Special forces are either Mountaineers/Chasseurs Alpins or Marines. In the case of the former, adding Engineers will detract significantly from their advantage in Mountainous terrain (where they are the best) whilst helping them a little in Forests and the like (where regular Infantry is going to be better anyway). In the case of the latter Engineers make a lot of sense if they are used to attack across river, but much less sense when they are used as amphibious forces (unless you're charging a defended coastal fortification)

MOT MOT MOT ENG Here too the Engineers are questionable, they will help negate some of the negative modifiers for Mot in forests and when crossing rivers, places where regular Infantry is going to do better anyway. SPART or TD are superior in most circumstances, the former when fighting infantry, the latter on the defensive and when fighting tanks.

If you're going to use Engineers, better to put them into Infantry divisions which you either spread across your Infantry corps (one division/corps), or group into specialised river crossing/forest fighting/fortress busting corps (maybe one in each line army)

Putting your special forces into square divisions ALP ALP ALP ALP, MTN MTN MTN MTN, or MAR MAR MAR MAR would save on HQ's and skilled officers without much of a penalty, as special forces do their specialised job better (except for MAR when river-crossing) when they don't drag along support brigades. So you would have one Alpine Corps (5 x ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN) and one Marines Corps (4 x MAR MAR MAR MAR) with the same number of special forces brigades.

The Air force looks fine to me. You'll have to be careful with those CAS though because Int will tear through them. If you can't guarantee Air Supremacy consider going for INT, CASx2/3 or FTR, CASx2/3. Tac will generally do more damage except when bombing heavily armoured formations, it is also less limited in range so not as dependent on there being an air base close to the area of the front you want to target, and it is more versatile doing ok at strategic and logistical bombardment. CAS is good at naval/port bombardment though (but quite limited in that role due to it's very short range)

I regret the lack of expansion of the Marine Nationale for historical reasons, but I understand the decision.
 
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That’s incredibly comprehensive, thank you. As for my plans, I do intend to control the divisions myself (might let the AI do purely defensive fronts though) and the general plan is to push into the lowlands to establish a river defense as far away from France proper as possible. If I feel like I can manage it, even a Saar offensive to take up positions along the left bank may be in the cards, but that’s not necessary if it proves too difficult. After that I would pivot to Italy and just be opportunistic with the Germans as the Comintern becomes involved.

With that in mind, your armor suggestions make plenty of sense and I will adopt the full armored army approach with more medium armor emphasis. Dropping the engineers from many divisions is fine by me as well, though I may keep some around for the initial contact with the Siegfried line. Not sure what the best fort buster division would be, though. Square divisions are probably better as well; for the special forces divisions I had, I felt they were unnecessarily numerous for the provinces that required them anyway, due to the extra divisions from adopting a triangle design. Air Force wise, a second trio of CAS would be nice to provide some ability to swap in fresh wings. So maybe…

Army 1 - Infantry, GER:
4 INF Corps, 1 MAR Corps

Army 2 - Infantry, GER
4 INF Corps, 1 MOT Corps (Is MOT MOT SPART TD reasonable or is picking one support the way to go?)

Army 3 - Armor, could be concentrated against either depending on plans/needs at the time
3-4 ARM corps, 1-2 LARM corps (depends on if I am concerned with IC)

Army 4 - Infantry, ITA
4 INF Corps, 1 ALP/MTN Corps

Air wise I would try to add a second CAS wing, so 4x3 INT 2x3 TAC 2x3 CAS, but perhaps I would start with 3x3 INT and just reposition the wing I had been keeping for the ITA front northward, aiming to build a wing for that front later.

And if I can squeeze in some navy, I’d probably go for some more ASW to chew on any axis shipping and perhaps expand the surface fleet modestly to open up some naval operations in either the Mediterranean or the North Sea. Could help with subduing Italy, or opening up a front around Wilhelmshaven to get things going north of the Rhine. But this is definitely far into wish list territory. Thank you again for all the help! I get back tomorrow and will attempt to implement all of this.
 
Army 2 - Infantry, GER
4 INF Corps, 1 MOT Corps (Is MOT MOT SPART TD reasonable or is picking one support the way to go?)
INF x 2 and ART/AT is a usual jack of all trades, but you're not going to meet that much armor in the game. That said, the AI just *loves* itself some AT and puts so much of it on the board, because of a terrible AI programming choice. Notionally its better to go with the (INF x 2 + ART x 2) if you're just looking to game the system. That said, the motorized size its a bit more reasonable because those units are (again, notionally) more likely to encounter enemy armor.
 
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Note that AT has the lowest Soft Attack of almost anything you can put in a division other than MPs, so it's EXTREMELY weak against anything other than tanks, and even armor divisions typically include more soft units than hard. Against anyone but GER, I'd say drop the AT and rely on your own ARM, TD, and air power to deal with it. GER tends to go a bit heavier on armor, so some AT may be warranted. Still, you probably don't want it in the majority of your divisions. Note that TD provides Piercing one point higher than that of ARM at the same tech level, so it's nice (but not essential) to have one nearby mobile unit with TD that you can throw into combat against enemy tanks. Due to its weak Soft Attack, it's not nearly as effective on the attack against infantry.

I've had bigger issues with German air power rapidly disorganizing my units while they're engaged in ground combat, so adding some AA might be a good idea. French air power will probably not be sufficient by itself. AA isn't exactly bad against ground targets, but isn't very resilient, so it gets torn up easily and becomes ineffective. Putting the AA directly in with your HQs might work, where you stick the HQ/AA in the province under air attack, yet it won't engage ground targets without a "line" brigade in the division.

ENG is wonderful in certain situations, yet on its own is probably the next weakest thing you can put in a division other than MPs (or AT against soft targets). It does provide a substantial penalty reduction for combat in most bad terrain (woods, river crossings, urban, and swamps, but NOT mountains), so it's highly effective at modifying the effectiveness of the entire division in those cases, as long as there's enough base combat power to modify in the first place. I normally try to build one ENG-equipped division per Corps, and the difference in effectiveness against enemy units in woods or cities is significant, to the point where I'll often delay an attack until I can bring up the ENG. In open plains or hills, however, you end up with a substantially weaker division.

The proposed MOT MOT SPART TD seems like a "jack of all trades, master of none" design by committee. The SPART is primarily good against Soft targets, the TD primarily good against Hard. I'd rather put them in separate divisions in support of ARM, and use them where they do best, but it might be workable as something the AI could run. Likewise, I'd keep ENG out of specialist units, since MTN troops operate best in terrain where the ENG provides no advantages, and an INF, MAR, or another MTN would provide a lot more Soft Attack.

The AI makes no distinction between divisions of different composition (but contrary to the AI's beliefs, one size does NOT fit all), so it will happily garrison a port with highly mobile MOT+AC+LARM units, send heavy armor into the mountains, and race to close an encirclement with abysmally slow Garrison troops, while 2xMIL divisions struggle to hold the front lines. I once saw AI Germany send 4 HQs, two GAR divisions, and one actual Infantry division to blitz Denmark. It worked, but took close to a year.
 
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Okay, so maybe I'll move away from so many monolithic infantry armies. I'm going to try something like this:

  • Army 1 | Infantry | Facing GER
    • Artillery Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF ART ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Anti-tank Corps, 1x
      • 4x INF INF ART AT
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Marine Corps, 1x
      • 4x MAR MAR MAR MAR
      • 1x MAR MAR MAR ENG
    • Motorized Corps, 1x
      • 4x MOT MOT MOT SPART
      • 1x MOT MOT MOT ENG
  • Army 2 | Infantry | Facing GER
    • Artillery Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF ART ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Anti-Tank Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF ART AT
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Motorized Corps, 1x
      • 4x MOT MOT MOT SPART
      • 1x MOT MOT MOT ENG
  • Army 3 | Infantry | Facing ITA
    • Artillery Corps, 4x
      • 4x INF INF ART ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Alpine Corps, 1x
      • 4x ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN
      • 1x ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ENG
  • Army 4 | Armor | Flexible
    • 3x Medium Armored Corps
      • 4x ARM MOT MOT SPART
      • 1x ARM MOT MOT ENG
    • 2x Light Armored Corps
      • 4x LARM MOT MOT AC
      • 1x LARM MOT MOT ENG
Airforce: 12 INT, 6 TAC and 6 CAS split into wings of 3.

This is probably stretching my MP and IC, if not outdoing it - the opening phase of the war will probably see me underequip the Italian front to redirect resources to the line with Germany, and hopefully Total Economic Mobilization and Service By Requirement will allow me to rectify that before long.
 
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Not to weigh down your decisions (and this might be wrong), but most of the "special forces" units (ie, Alpins), much like armor, benefit from just the one brigade in the division. Unless I've been misled (in which case, @Kovax can correct).
 
Not to weigh down your decisions (and this might be wrong), but most of the "special forces" units (ie, Alpins), much like armor, benefit from just the one brigade in the division. Unless I've been misled (in which case, @Kovax can correct).
Performance of a division in a particular type of terrain is based on the average of the terrain penalty of each of it's brigades.
It's definitely not like armour where the 'armor' & 'piercing' values of the division correspond to the highest 'armor' & 'piercing' values amongst it's brigades and it is preferred to have other brigades backing up the tanks.
Some examples:

A pure Mtn Division has the following modifiers:
Mtns At. -10% Def. 10% Mvmt. -30%
Hills At. 0% Def. 5% Mvmt. -20%

A Mtnx2, Art division has the following modifiers:
Mtns At. -27% Def. 6,7% Mvmt. -40%
Hills At. -10% Def. 3,3% Mvmt. -22%

A Mtn, Infx2, Art division has the following modifiers
Mtns At. -38% Def. 2,5% Mvmt. -42,5%
Hills At. -20% Def. 1,3% Mvmt. -21%

For reference, pure Infantry does the following:
Mtns At. -40% Def. 0% Mvmt. -40%
Hills At. -20% Def. 0% Mvmt. -20%

This is why you should avoid adding support brigades to special forces in all but a few select cases.
 
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I was speaking more of a "SpecFor + (relevant regular unit, generally mtn)" arrangement. So, "Alps/Ghurk/All+2MTN" or the "2AB + RNGR".
 
Composition is working well so far! I had a hunch that going for dual support INF divisions would be IC-prohibitive, so I decided to stretch my MP some more and go for triangle INF. This required me to turn off reinforcements to the Italian front for now, but with the Rhine offensive complete, I will dig in and regenerate some so I can ready that army as well. I also was not able to build the SPART brigades for the MOT corps attached to my INF armies (verifying that I would have been underequipped with dual support divs), and that will be a priority to rectify once the ITA front is fully manned, though the naked MOT triangles performed well given their primary job of helping plug gaps/give INF armies some basic exploitation capabilities. Engineers also proved great in their 1-per-corps quantity, thank you for the advice @Kovax ! My airforce was not fully ready but I was able to use some very limited operations to hasten the initial breakthrough, and after that only used them to occasionally scare off some ground attack missions. I have a bunch of wings in the production queue at the moment, so hopefully by late 1940 I will be able to go on the air offensive, perhaps over Italy. I still have 3 Corps of infantry in reserve on the Belgian border, who will partially relieve my armor so it can be ready to go to Italy when necessary (or perhaps the Ruhr, though I would likely have to act now on that, delaying the reinforcement of the Alps further), and partially to help man the Netherlands when they are drawn into the war.

1656185075280.png


Long way to go but all the advice has paid off, thanks guys. Will post more pics as the campaign progresses.
 
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I was speaking more of a "SpecFor + (relevant regular unit, generally mtn)" arrangement. So, "Alps/Ghurk/All+2MTN" or the "2AB + RNGR".
https://forum.paradoxplaza.com/forum/threads/comparison-of-elite-units-tfh.637043/

The elite brigades have (some) slightly better terrain modifiers than the 'regular' MTN/AB brigade but also more organisation and Morale, but they are limited in number. The question then becomes whether you want to have a few crack divisions or whether you want to give all of your Mtn/Par divisions a boost by mixing in an elite brigade in all of those divisions. (or as many as possible anyway)
To return to my previous post, you could also apply this question to whether you should add a support brigade to a Mtn Division. In some situations, this can be advantageous despite the reduced terrain stats. For example, you could add a much faster support brigade like AC, which will not slow your unit down despite worse movement modifiers because it's base speed is so high and in some situations, when fighting in hills for example, that's going to be more powerful than pure Mtn. I would also like to note that a division moves at the speed of the slowest brigade, including terrain & weather modifiers.

Composition is working well so far! I had a hunch that going for dual support INF divisions would be IC-prohibitive, so I decided to stretch my MP some more and go for triangle INF. This required me to turn off reinforcements to the Italian front for now, but with the Rhine offensive complete, I will dig in and regenerate some so I can ready that army as well. I also was not able to build the SPART brigades for the MOT corps attached to my INF armies (verifying that I would have been underequipped with dual support divs), and that will be a priority to rectify once the ITA front is fully manned, though the naked MOT triangles performed well given their primary job of helping plug gaps/give INF armies some basic exploitation capabilities. Engineers also proved great in their 1-per-corps quantity, thank you for the advice @Kovax ! My airforce was not fully ready but I was able to use some very limited operations to hasten the initial breakthrough, and after that only used them to occasionally scare off some ground attack missions. I have a bunch of wings in the production queue at the moment, so hopefully by late 1940 I will be able to go on the air offensive, perhaps over Italy. I still have 3 Corps of infantry in reserve on the Belgian border, who will partially relieve my armor so it can be ready to go to Italy when necessary (or perhaps the Ruhr, though I would likely have to act now on that, delaying the reinforcement of the Alps further), and partially to help man the Netherlands when they are drawn into the war.

View attachment 853602

Long way to go but all the advice has paid off, thanks guys. Will post more pics as the campaign progresses.
Thats a pretty impressive breakthrough right there. Glad the composition is working. That Tank Army is working as intended.
 
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It appears the war enters a stalled phase if you prevent the progression of Fall Gelb... just became us staring at each other across the Rhine for years. Maybe that was some bad luck in that Italy never joined, but without them onboard offensively, I wasn't about to draw in the rest of the Axis to bring them in myself, which meant there would be no opportunity to stretch the front to Italy with a renewed armored thrust. So, I think I will run it back to an earlier save and do anything I can to achieve 140% officer ratio BEFORE the war. This will maximize my ability to overrun German divisions facing the Maginot and potentially secure the left bank a week or more in advance of the pace I've managed with <90% officer ratio. I should even be able to secure the left bank of the Ruhr, since Germany really is only able to muster a capable defense of that region a week or so into October. I may even make a run at the Neckar River and Stuttgart, as between it, the Rhine, and the Ruhr, I would deny Germany at least 43 IC - not going to bring us to parity after Anschluss and the annexation of Czechoslovakia, but it would go a long way to it.
 
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Looking pretty good on the first attempt. The one point to consider is that while you'll be denying IC to GER by advancing into their industrial heartland, you won't get much use out of it yourself, since it's not French core territory.
 
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Looking pretty good on the first attempt. The one point to consider is that while you'll be denying IC to GER by advancing into their industrial heartland, you won't get much use out of it yourself, since it's not French core territory.
Yes, one of the reasons it would only make a dent rather than provide parity. I'd be at ~105 base IC while Germany would have ~145. Although, if I was willing to muck around with politics beyond just keeping ARV for some IC benefits, it would be possible to put Action Francaise in power, and I believe that would allow access to harsher occupation rules to gain more of that IC. But they don't have the IC boosting ministers, so just a funny thought. Furthermore, the difference between -80% and -60% is, in practice, about 9 IC for the territory I would take and far from worth the partisan headaches on my supply lines.
 
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The Air force looks fine to me. You'll have to be careful with those CAS though because Int will tear through them. If you can't guarantee Air Supremacy consider going for INT, CASx2/3 or FTR, CASx2/3.
Never do this! Due to how HoI3 combat mechanics work, mixing fighters and bombers in the same air group only leads to an increase in casualties, not effective escorting.

If you send an air group of 4/5 CAS into combat and it gets intercepted by enemy INT/FTR, it will try to break off and return to home base as soon as possible. It will of course take some casualties but it will not try to fight. Same with TAC and STR and NAV and TRA.

However, if you send an air group of 1-2 FTR/INT & 3-4 CAS into combat and it gets intercepted by the enemy, it will NOT try to disengage and flee home because the FTR/INT will try to fight it out, dragging the CAS with it. So, your CAS gets shot up for lot longer because the combat doesn't end until your FTR/INT wing loses its ORG.

Instead, send your INT/FTR air groups on air superiority mission above German airfields - one group per airfield. Then your bombers can fly freely because as soon as the enemy planes try to take off, they get into a fight and hopefully are forced to retreat back to base.

Unfortunately, the air war has never been well modelled in any Hearts of Iron game so it's not possible to make historically accurate air groups nor is it possible to fly realistic missions.
 
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Never do this! Due to how HoI3 combat mechanics work, mixing fighters and bombers in the same air group only leads to an increase in casualties, not effective escorting.

If you send an air group of 4/5 CAS into combat and it gets intercepted by enemy INT/FTR, it will try to break off and return to home base as soon as possible. It will of course take some casualties but it will not try to fight. Same with TAC and STR and NAV and TRA.

However, if you send an air group of 1-2 FTR/INT & 3-4 CAS into combat and it gets intercepted by the enemy, it will NOT try to disengage and flee home because the FTR/INT will try to fight it out, dragging the CAS with it. So, your CAS gets shot up for lot longer because the combat doesn't end until your FTR/INT wing loses its ORG.

Instead, send your INT/FTR air groups on air superiority mission above German airfields - one group per airfield. Then your bombers can fly freely because as soon as the enemy planes try to take off, they get into a fight and hopefully are forced to retreat back to base.

Unfortunately, the air war has never been well modelled in any Hearts of Iron game so it's not possible to make historically accurate air groups nor is it possible to fly realistic missions.
That's probably the most optimal way of doing it in a perfect environment. That is, if you have enough Ftr/Int groups with sufficient range to cover all the enemy air fields and come out on top, and you have enough fuel to fly Air Superiority missions all of the time.

Yes, a pure bomber wing will break off more quickly, though it will take a bit more damage during that hour of combat before it breaks off. You can still manually withdraw a Ftr/Int, CAS wing even though that ends up keeping them engaged for 2 hours instead of 1. (if I remember correctly) I must stress at this point that the coupling of Ftr & CAS in the same wings was initially, at least partly, for historical reasons, I just found that it does have a few advantages.

What I tend to do is to have my Ftr/Int groups cover areas of the front with the intercept mission, essentially covering two-three Ftr/Int, CAS wings. If a bomber wing gets intercepted, the Ftr/Int keeps it engaged, and a 3/4xFtr/Int group reinforces the battle within the hour. Basically my Ftr/Int, CAS wings function as bait, and the Int groups only fly when they detect an enemy bomber wing or when the CAS are attacked. Sure CAS will take damage, but CAS is relatively cheap and I can just swap them out. Once the extra Int get into the battle, the CAS start taking quite a bit less damage from the outnumbered enemy Int. It's probably still a net negative, but your Int tends to get out virtually unscathed when the enemy definitely does not.

This means you don't need to base your Int groups so close to the front because they don't need to go far beyond said front, so you can bring more bombers to bear on the enemy forces and you use less fuel because your Int groups don't need to be in the air all of the time.

I have been doing this as the Soviet Union against Germany to a good degree of success. Of course, I do have more CAS wings than there is space&fuel in the front line Air Bases, so I guess the damage done to CAS in occasional Aerial battles doesn't bother me that much.

Of course, the situation for France is different, and your proposed tactics could work better for an Air force that has shorter supply lines and much more Air Base space near the front when compared to the size of it's Air Force.
 
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I could never keep track of my air groups to break them off manually like that but sure, if you can do that it'll work and your casualties won't be too bad.

The fuel isn't really a problem at all, I've found. The air groups also regain STR and ORG, albeit slowly, if they aren't engaged. So, unless you're running really low on fuel, my tactic works wonderfully and lets me focus on directing my bombers and I'll never have to fiddle with setting up & moving intercept zones.
 
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TAC is more effective than CAS against soft targets, so I only use one or two CAS groups for use against armored targets and build mostly TAC instead.

I also go with mostly 3x air units, rather than 4x. A lone 3x will not be as effective as a 4x or 5x, but if/when you have two groups in the same combat (which is MOST of the time with your INT protecting your bombers), 6x will incur far less over-stacking penalties than 8x in the same combat. Hitting enemy bombers with a 4x or 5x group of INT is more effective than with a 3x, so it sometimes pays to set up a separate larger group for that purpose, and use the smaller groups for protecting your own bombers.

Like so many things in HOI3, there's no single "right" answer that works across the board, but a lot of examples where a particular build will be more effective in certain circumstances, yet less effective in others.
 
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Oh man… it’s far too late for a full write up, but I finally got a chance to try this again after moving, and I’ll just say: how does “Home by Christmas” sound? I may yet screw it up of course, but an increased focus on officers coupled with rushing 1940 Operational Level Organization by DoW, plus the sacrifice of air force expansion as well (sad but necessary) has created stunning results. Not to mention, the UK managed a barely competent landing in their usual spot around Hamburg to help out a little. The Germans have no time to reorganize and are being overrun. Austria is devoid of any defenders after a final collapse and overrun of the units there. The Allies have linked fronts in the north. I’ll share some pictures tomorrow or the day after, but essentially, it’s not even mid November and the road to Berlin beckons.
 
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So, here's how it essentially all went. First, my army:

  • Army 1 | Infantry | Facing GER
    • Artillery Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF INF ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Anti-tank Corps, 1x
      • 4x INF INF INF AT
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Marine Corps, 1x
      • 4x MAR MAR MAR MAR
      • 1x MAR MAR MAR ENG
    • Motorized Corps, 1x
      • 4x MOT MOT MOT AC
      • 1x MOT MOT MOT ENG
  • Army 2 | Infantry | Facing GER
    • Artillery Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF INF ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Anti-Tank Corps, 2x
      • 4x INF INF INF AT
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Motorized Corps, 1x
      • 4x MOT MOT MOT AC
      • 1x MOT MOT MOT ENG
  • Army 3 | Infantry | Facing ITA
    • Artillery Corps, 4x
      • 4x INF INF INF ART
      • 1x INF INF INF ENG
    • Alpine Corps, 1x
      • 4x ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN
      • 1x ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ALP/MTN ENG
  • Army 4 | Armor | Flexible
    • 3x Medium Armored Corps
      • 4x ARM MOT MOT SPART
      • 1x ARM MOT MOT ENG
    • 2x Light Armored Corps
      • 4x LARM MOT MOT AC
      • 1x LARM MOT MOT ENG
Airforce and navy were just the initial forces.

The opening offensive:

1657112655550.png


I opened up a broad offensive no longer just focused on the Rhineland, but into Baden as well. Things progressed well and quickly - with the higher officer ratio and rushed 1940 Op. Level Org. tech, I had attack delays of no more than ~80 hours and a good level of ORG to keep my units in good order even after many consecutive attacks. I believe that, due to my placement of more troops directly on the border, Germany doubled up units on some provinces where in previous attempts they only placed one - might be an optimization for next time to leave some units a province back to lull Germany into leaving the border less defended, but it was not a major issue. My airforce was used sparingly, mainly on missions in Baden to speed up the move to Stuttgart, but given my lack of planes, they did not get to do much before the Luftwaffe forced me to retreat from the air. As you can see, Germany has already pulled many troops away from Poland to address my attack, and the Brits have landed a couple MAR divisions at Kiel. At this point I was not hopeful for their success, but that would change as Germany's attention to my advance allowed the UK to reinforce the landing properly.

1657113175268.png


My armies advance further into the Rhineland and Baden, with Stuttgart and Koln on the verge of capture. In the East, Poland loses ground, with Warsaw now on the frontlines. Significantly, the UK has sent a large force to reinforce their initial invasion, including armor. They would never be dislodged from Kiel from this point onward, though they were still too sparing with reinforcements to breakout from the area. This is approximately when I decided I would not stick to the Neckar-Rhine-Ruhr line, as Germany was clearly incapable of responding to my offensive, and I figured the best chance at overall victory would be to link up with the Brits and cut off the Germans in the northwest.

1657113591245.png


Poland falls, but my offensive has shattered all organized lines of defense and begins to breakthrough to undefended territory, particularly in the south where Germany simply cannot respond. The British have managed to slightly expand their control into Hamburg, but they will be dislodged back to Kiel shortly. The distance to their beachhead is rapidly shrinking, and soon, cutting off the Germans in East Friesland will no longer just be a distant strategic objective.

1657114044816.png


The pocket is almost closed, with assistance now being lent by the Belgians and Dutch (the latter of which the German AI foolishly brought into the war themselves). I have almost completed the conquest of Bavaria, and I am on the verge of overrunning the German defenders in the Austrian Alps. The Weser River was not even a speedbump for my armies, and we are closing in on the Elbe. At this point, I disbanded a corps of Infantry on my alpine front with Italy to free up some manpower to reinforce. In hindsight, a more optimal build would likely keep the Italian front minimalistic, without even a whole army - A corps of ALP/MTN and INF might be all that is necessary to hold the line, and the freed IC could have been used to build some planes. But we certainly are not suffering too much from this misstep.

1657114500526.png


The Frisian Noose closes around the Nazi throat. The destruction of this pocket will make Germany's defeat inevitable (if it were not already), freeing 1-2 Corps for the final push to Berlin in the north and denying Germany about 2 Corps of their own. In the south, Munich has fallen and the symbolic town of Branau Am Inn, the birthplace of the now teetering dictator Hitler, is on the verge of capture. We have reached the Elbe at multiple locations and are on the doorstep of Leipzig and Dresden. The Saxon cities and their neighboring River are the final major obstacles before we can begin a victorious march on Berlin. Meanwhile, the British remain mostly confined to Kiel and the neighboring provinces, occasionally assisting our attacks but mostly just preserving their beachhead.

1657115033825.png


We have achieved control of the left bank of the Elbe, and even crossed it near Rostock. Saxony is under our control, and Austria simply is abandoned. The old Czech fortifications are giving us some grief but are only a temporary hindrance. The Frisian pocket has been pushed towards the border with Denmark and will not last long. The music has almost stopped for the Third Reich, hastening towards the end as the French army closes in on Hitler, who is now rumored to be confined entirely to his bunker, either in despair or deposition.

1657115369687.png


Vienna has fallen, and the Elbe defenses are broken. Berlin can only wait for our arrival. Prague proves a tough nut to crack, but we are rapidly outflanking the Vltava River from undefended Austria and will not be denied - unless Germany capitulates fist. In the north, Germany makes a desperate move and attacks Denmark, their demands of the Danes for transit and unimpeded naval extrication to Pomerania unheeded. No Dane will see have to see combat however, as the battle to finally annihilate this pocket is underway. Hitler's Little War, as it has come to be called (alongside the more derisive "Hitler's Grand Folly"), is rapidly approaching its end. For the final push, I disband a few more divisions to top off my offensive's manpower.

1657115946294.png


The Battle of Berlin is underway. Battered into total disorganization from the virtually uninterrupted offensive from day 1 of the war, Germany can only muster a pitiful garrison to face the French onslaught. There is no one to rescue Hitler - the Frisian Pocket has surrendered, the Slovakian capital is under siege, and the bulk of the Germany army is tied down in Silesia and occupied Czechoslovakia. It is Götterdämmerung, but only for Hitler and his cadre of Nazi stooges. In French-occupied Germany, the shock of such a quick and total defeat has ripped away the Nazi aura of invincibility. Adulation and Hitler's cult of personality have given way to embarrassment and revilement towards the fools who led Germany to such humiliation, and many Germans simply hope it's all over before Christmas.

1657117182012.png


Hitler's Grand Folly reaches its conclusion. Bratislava holds out, defended by a German expeditionary garrison, but it will not last long. Nazi dreams of European domination meet a disastrous end, and oppositely, our fine soldiers have won peace for Europe in glorious fashion. Now, they return home for Christmas. Units up and down the frontline sing a mix of patriotic songs and Christmas carols at the news of the Fall of Berlin and Germany's unconditional surrender. Adolf Hitler is captured, with wounds from an apparently unsuccessful suicide attempt. France and the UK discuss what to do with him, and it is decided that he will face trial in a reconstituted, liberal-democratic German state for corruption and various other political offences committed domestically, while a joint Polish, French and British tribunal will investigate and prosecute crimes committed by the Germans on Polish soil, including the discovered (but in this timeline, quite nascent) Jewish ghettos. He will have plenty of time to write a sequel to Mein Kampf in his next, much longer prison sentence.

Some extrapolation based on this outcome:

To formalize the end of the war, the Allies and Germans sign the Treaty of Koln. Austria and Czechoslovakia are restored while France formally annexes the Saarland, The Netherlands annex East Frisia, and Denmark absorbs all of Schleswig-Holstein. Poland is given the southern half of East Prussia while its western Border with Germany is restored, and it is awarded most of Silesia. Poland campaigns hard for more, but the prevailing thought amongst the negotiators is that harsher terms would not comport with the short duration of the war and the prevailing attitude that the war was primarily Hitler's doing. France and the UK propose generous financial compensation, which Poland reluctantly accepts, having little leverage to demand more. Germany is disarmed, but the issue of governance precipitates debate. The UK floats a constitutional monarchy with a parliament for Germany, preferring the head of the House of Hanover Ernst Augustus as a figurehead Kaiser. France flatly opposes any movement towards such an arrangement and instead pushes for a Republic modeled on its own constitution. France gets most of what it wants, being the primary contributor to victory with most of the occupying forces. France oversees the first election wherein the CDU led by Konrad Adenauer as Prime Minister wins comfortably. Notably, Louis-Ferdinand of the Hohenzollern Dynasty would eventually become a political force in post-war Germany, and he would go on to nearly become President, but his refusal to renounce any claim to the German throne would cause Adenauer to publicly repudiate his candidacy and his support in the Chamber of Deputies collapsed.

The Allies now turn to consider the rest of Europe. France stands as the preeminent land power on the continent, and perhaps even the world. With the defeat of Nazi Germany nearly entirely by her hand, certainly on land, France is eager to put its fingers on the geopolitical scale and push for more democratization of Europe, with eyes towards a more unified European entity. However, her designs for a French dominated, liberal European bloc will create friction with the British, who are not eager to rock the boat in the aftermath of Hitler's defeat. In the years to come, Churchill will work to improve relations with Franco and Mussolini in a realpolitiking bid, while France will embark on a punitive and restorative mission in Hungary to return Czechoslovakia's stolen territory and reaffirm the Treaty of Trianon. With the Nazis defeated, and the French imposing harsh terms with naught but diplomatic hand wringing from the British, Hungary has no one to turn to. Horthy is forced to hold elections at a later date, and they will be extremely tense. In Yugoslavia, Prince Paul will step aside for Peter II, who will align with the Brits owing to some Anglophilia after tutorship in Surrey and general wariness of the rising French tide to the north.

Despite the fall of Germany, the USSR continues to act in accordance with the map drawn by Molotov-Ribbentrop. The Winter War ends with historical territorial concessions, and there would be no Continuation War. The Baltics are given an ultimatum, and while France is certainly high on her successes in Hitler's Little War, she is far from fresh-faced and does not deem it time to risk a confrontation with Stalin. The British are similarly hesitant and opt for economic sanctions. Behind the scenes, both powers arm insurgencies in the occupied states, but their support is not cooperative. Owing to proximity, Lithuanian insurgents would be dominated by the pro French faction, while Latvia and Estonia by the pro-British. On the Black Sea, the USSR would lay down another ultimatum concerning Bessarabia, but the Romanians hold firm - hostilities commence, and push the Comintern closer to war with the strained Western Alliance as the British and French supply arms to the Romanian military. A revised Anti-Comintern pact is signed between the British, French, Polish, Spanish, and Italians, but the obligations are wishy-washy thanks to French-British disputes, and France outright refuses to enter the shared command structure laid out by the treaty. A secret clause in the pact states that should a war with the USSR erupt, any negotiated peace must return Poland's eastern territories, but again, the obligations for each party to join such a war are debatable, particularly with respect to France. Germany is admitted as an observer, being disarmed themselves.

And what of the United States? Japan was long ago victorious in the Second Sino-Japanese War and while it was squeezed by the American oil embargo, the end to formal hostilities in East Asia provided relief to the Imperial economy and set the stage for a tense but peaceful standoff between Japan and the United States. In European affairs, the US would be content to mostly stay on its side of the Atlantic with a pro-British lean, and only signed on to the new Anti-Comintern Pact as an observing member, pledging to provide economic and material support from afar. Its navy would expand rapidly in its standoff with the Japanese, whose Empire would start to feel the heat of rising rebellious sentiment in its conquered territories, neglected in the thick of the naval arms race and burning with resentment through years of harsh treatment. FDR serves 3 terms before declaring he will not run for a 4th, and his domestically oriented Vice President Henry Wallace comfortably beats the hawkish Truman in the 1944 primaries and narrowly defeats Thomas E. Dewey in the general election. Not long after inauguration, China re-opens hostilities with Japan, aiming to reclaim its coastline, presenting a major foreign policy crisis to the dovish President Wallace. The oil embargo once again becomes a central issue to the Japanese leadership, and the Pacific standoff is edging closer to outright conflict.

Europe's increasingly fragile peace is dealt a terrible blow as Horthy is finally made to hold the agreed upon elections by occupying General De Gaulle on questionable authority, and they erupt into street violence between extreme left and right wingers, infuriated by the parade of humiliations visited upon them. A center-left party gains a plurality and declares its intention to seek a compromise government amid the chaos, but the center right refuses. Rebuffed, they make overtures to the far left, which precipitates an escalation in violence from the right to organized seizure of administrative buildings, eventually leading to confrontation with the Hungarian military. Sides are taken, and the civil war is on. The Soviets see a chance to get back at the West for arming insurgencies in its territorial gains, while the UK and France struggle to coordinate a response given their distaste for either side in the fight. De Gaulle wants to support the electorally defeated center right against all comers but is ordered to leave. What follows is unclear, but either out of malicious compliance or genuine misunderstanding he takes his occupying troops with him, leaving plenty of space for the fires of the new civil war to grow unabated. Stalin reconfigures his efforts in Romania to create a corridor through to Hungary. The West escalates its support to its insurgent allies and the Romanian military, and cobbles together lukewarm support for the right wing in Hungary. As Stalin threatens to breach the Pannonian Basin, France and Britain become increasingly worried over the prospect of the Red Army running wild over Central Europe. They lobby President Wallace to become a fully-fledged member of the Anti-Comintern Pact, and the UK tries to convince France to join the unified command structure and make firm commitments, but both efforts meet resistance. Germany's rearmament is considered but France is reluctant, and Adenauer wants Germany's pre-war western borders restored before making any further commitments to the pact anyway. Furthermore, he secretly relays that any return of Poland's eastern territories should be balanced with the restoration of Germany's pre-war eastern borders.

The Comintern is bearing down on Europe, and the West is hungover from its victory in Hitler's Little War. Will they rouse to meet the challenge, or is their short-lived post war order going to crumble under the weight of their own squabbles? Will Mussolini and Franco make good on their own commitments or make a spiritual sequel to Molotov-Ribbentrop and turn on the Franco-British "alliance?" Can President Wallace mobilize the United States despite his own dovishness to face the Japanese and Comintern, or perhaps just one, or will he shrink and confront neither? Will Stalin be able to roll over Europe anyway, no matter how well Europe and the United States can come together? Time will tell.
 
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