B) You say the Ottomans are rolling, have they westernized or are they closing in on a city that will give them free westernization?
C) If Castile is in West Africa, it's time to head there. Alternatively you could go to South America, but that'll take awhile.
D) Get fleet basing rights and explore your way into the Med. If you can either take some land around the Red Sea or keep working around Africa you can get coring range and hopefully find an easy target. North Africa might even have some Iberian countries or leftover cores
As a side note, be sure to check the West African nations to see if any of them have westernized. If the Spaniard moved inland at all or lost provinces back to them, they might be. If you have to take a province off Castile though, remember to pick a war goal that you can actually manage. No CB on a West African might be doable, but probably not on an Iberian
No one has westernized, not even Poland. I considered a Middle East approach since I can actually see that direction (and Persia already collapsed into Iraq and other splinter states), but I'd have to conquer all the way to Genoa (Crimea), and I'm not certain I can manage that.
West Africa is where I'd like to go, but I'm having trouble reaching it. My DIP tech is low (seriously bad rulers for awhile), so my colonial range is terrible (240). I was trying to avoid going all the way around Africa initially to leave some room for Iberians to reach the area, but after the cheat-peak I can see that it'll probably be close to 50 years before they make it there. I can probably reach them faster.
As for Ming, be sure to focus MIL and have your better advisor there. Get ahead in tech. In my Ajuuraan game, regimental camps have really helped me get in position to handle my little Turk problem. They cost some money, but one force limit each does add up. I'd also think about Korea or anyone to their north. If you can get them to split up their armies you can deal with them in small groups. They'll also waste loads of time trying to run between the two extremes.
Yeah, I'll probably have to do this. I tried to avoid focusing MIL so I could get my DIP tech up to par (and to try to get Exploration and Expansion ideas moved farther along), but at this point I can no longer afford to lag behind.
Income wise I can probably choose only two of: army at force limits, +2 mil advisor, and 3 concurrent colonies. Though I feel like I'm on the verge of being able to afford all three. Maybe if I hurry and blitz Khmer then that'll give me just enough...
Portugal probably has Fernando Po. If they don't have anything in South Africa, they haven't explored to you yet.
Dump a colony near Fernando Po, claim it, and land a stack there that is larger than their #transports. Sit there until you can take it, then westernize.
Just gotta get some exploration range to be able to reach it. I was surprised that colonizing Cape didn't give me any new exploration missions. I'm going to have to hop all the way around, which will take a few more years.
From the cheat-screen I actually don't think they had the island yet. Just one coastal province west of it. But maybe they will by the time I can get up there.
Thanks for the advice!

This has been quite an entertaining game so far, my first foray into the region (as a starting point).