Can someone explain to me how one gets 3 military techs ahead in Sub-Saharan tech group by 1517, I only spent about 200 points on General rerolls which surely can't account for this stupidity.
I was current to western standards in military tech before then, due to MIL focus. That was crucial to beating Portugal to take Sierra Leone. By 1517 I was western tech already. You can move off MIL focus if you're current and have decent advisors, but if you'll fall behind it's usually not recommended.
If you average MIL income of ~7 and never roll a general, you'll be about on par by 1505 (roughly at or near tech 8). IF you have national focus available, you can guaranteed a military income base of 5, meaning you need a +1 mil advisor and an average ruler skill across that timeframe of 1. If your average ruler skill is >1, you can be current with a few rolled generals. If you don't have national focus available, just budget your military advisor +1 as a priority and hope for the best.
My advice: DONT REFORM THE GOVERNMENT!
You mentioned that hard mode consists of taking Exploration or Expansion, and leaving the government reformation for later. However if you took one of those then you'd do pretty darn well for yourself, and could colonize the Ivory Coast to dominate trade.
Tribal governments, in addition to their obvious penalties, have multiple unique events that kill your heir and/or provide extra stability hits. They also have no ticking -LA. Admittedly the -15% core cost on empire rank despotism has some attractiveness, but you're really paying to get it.
When I do my 2nd run I'm going to skip exploration/expansion as a changeup, the idea being to fast-conquer West Africa and switch to Sunni/westernize before 1520. I'll sit at ADM 2 until I westernize (putting it all into coring lol). I'm feeling influence --> ADM or economic. I'll take exploration later to fill in a few uncolonized provinces so things aren't such an eyesore, but early I'd rather funnel that money into buildings and military. Provinces are pretty easy to take off the colonial AIs if you can field 40+ regiments.
As a node, ivory coast blows chunks. It feeds into multiple powerful nodes, some of the strongest upstream prop in the world similar to Caribbean...good to control but not where you'd want to collect normally.
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