They don't fight carrier planes, but putting land based planes on air superiority mission does achieve air superiority. At 100% air superiority, carrier planes don't take off since they get -100% to sortie efficiency.
It's a shame that planes can't fight in that way, but it would probably make carrier planes even more useless then they are currently. There should probably be an upgrade limit on Pacific airbases to prevent this from happening in the first place, but even this probably won't model reality very well. Surely the Italians must have had a reason besides prestige to be building a carrier for use in the Med.