Possible issues:
You put it in the wrong mod
You put it in the right mod but in the wrong folder (For example called it localization when it was supposed to be localisation (Or is it the other way around?))
You didn't name it with _l_english
You tried naming it with _l_english but you mistook lowercase L for capital i or 1
It's not actually encoded in BOM, even though you are sure it is
You forgot to add l_english: on top of the file
You tried putting l_english: on top of the file but you mistook lowercase L for capital i or 1
You didn't structure it right (as in, ID:0 "Text")
You are trying to add localisation for something that is supposed to have synched localisation, such as fleet, ship, army, leader, planet or system name