i think cipher decryption should be inpossible for germany and usa

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Vlad123

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First off, I don't want to offend you then I say I don't know how much understanding you do have about how encryption works.
In that example we're talking about real time encryption in modern days. That wasn't a thing back in the days as all global Players lacked the technology. Radio Transmission physically is a "boradcast", meaning everybody listening on that frequency and in Range is able to receive it.
So they "defaulted" to obfuscation. Like using codebooks, codenames, unusual languages and the like.
Those are considered unsafe due to their nature. So as an example, by pure random Events because the USA is a country of Immigrants from all over the world it would be quite possible that a large enough number of soldiers would speak that language or be able to identify it. Thus, going up chain of command, the message are now unsecure.
The reason the americans could do that was because no Native American migrated to europe at that time. That's not the case for Europeans or Japanese who migrated to the US over several decades and generations.

All in all, I don't wanna give anyone a cryptography lecture here but just as a TL;DR WW2 encryption was unsafe by Design even by the standards of the era (it just was new) and blatantly trivial to crack only a decade later.
you not know the italian dialects. Every city have their dialects, and the dialcts change very fast, of you take The dialcets from lecce and the from brindisi they not understand! And these two city are distance few km...the dialects in italy for non native are like the indian languace! ;)
 
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you not know the italian dialects. Every city have their dialects, and the dialcts change very fast, of you take The dialcets from lecce and the from brindisi they not understand! And these two city are distance few km...the dialects in italy for non native are like the indian languace! ;)

Anyway, film or no film, the Italians DID get their codes decrypted. That's a historical fact.
 
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you not know the italian dialects. Every city have their dialects, and the dialcts change very fast, of you take The dialcets from lecce and the from brindisi they not understand! And these two city are distance few km...the dialects in italy for non native are like the indian languace! ;)

It's no different in many other countries (e.g. Bavaria in Germany or try to understand a Scotsman from a small town). That doesn't make those languages a valid secure communication Method - especially given the quality of Radio communication (Past and present).
There is a reason why communication is standardized in military or air traffics control.
 
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Vlad123

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It's no different in many other countries (e.g. Bavaria in Germany or try to understand a Scotsman from a small town). That doesn't make those languages a valid secure communication Method - especially given the quality of Radio communication (Past and present).
There is a reason why communication is standardized in military or air traffics control.
this is true, but for you know in the film, the two person at radio, are the same region, but are distant 20km the receiver of artillery attack, attack the allied position instead enemy beacause the dialects change fast with distance, the dialects are the "languace of the village" they change a bit between neigthboord city ;) On italian code...the link i have say, say much of these interesting thing ;)
 

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Op I think you do not know much about codes.
The USA Marine Corps used Denai code talkers for tactical operations, but the USA used hundreds of different codes.
The Japanese, IIRC, used 143 different codes during 1942. The USA never broke the Japanese high level naval codes, and the Japanese low level operational codes were changed regularly so very little was gained there. The Japanese operational codes were broken before the war, were changed at the war outbreak, then we broke them again in march '42 (IIRC). The Japanese new they were broken, already had new code books printed up, but they had to be changed everywhere at once to have value and they kept putting off the switch because it would slow their tempo.
 
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Vlad123

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Op I think you do not know much about codes.
The USA Marine Corps used Denai code talkers for tactical operations, but the USA used hundreds of different codes.
The Japanese, IIRC, used 143 different codes during 1942. The USA never broke the Japanese high level naval codes, and the Japanese low level operational codes were changed regularly so very little was gained there. The Japanese operational codes were broken before the war, were changed at the war outbreak, then we broke them again in march '42 (IIRC). The Japanese new they were broken, already had new code books printed up, but they had to be changed everywhere at once to have value and they kept putting off the switch because it would slow their tempo.
I discovered, speaking with friends, that Hitler, for the counter-offensive of the Ardennes, said precisely not to use enigma but messages written by him! Even if he didn't know this ... so maybe Hitler, something he suspected, even the field phones are useful, they are interceptable, but already less ... if you have encrypted my code, but I am in radio silence and use written messages, you know nothing ...
 

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a lot of radio traffic was by morse code, rather than by voice transmissions, on the levels where it would be useful for the enemy to intercept and decode it. (this is where that "where is task force 34 the world wonders" thing came from - morse code transmissions that had to be written down)

There was a lot of interesting radio transmission work that was carried out during the war, there were ionospheric anomalies that were poorly understood for example, which prevented long-distance radio communication in some parts of the world.
 
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I discovered, speaking with friends, that Hitler, for the counter-offensive of the Ardennes, said precisely not to use enigma but messages written by him! Even if he didn't know this ... so maybe Hitler, something he suspected, even the field phones are useful, they are interceptable, but already less ... if you have encrypted my code, but I am in radio silence and use written messages, you know nothing ...

Uh yeah I highly doubt that...written messages from Berlin to the Ardennes? By what? Pigeons? Warfare changed in the Second Worldwar. Yes, there were couriers sometimes by motorcycle but those where mostly on a batallion or company level, at best. You cannot command a Mobile Combat Division of the 1940s with written messages from High Command...This is why German Tanks all had Radios built in.
In addition, you will never ever know if the message really was received so you cannot plan accordingly.
 

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Uh yeah I highly doubt that...written messages from Berlin to the Ardennes? By what? Pigeons? Warfare changed in the Second Worldwar. Yes, there were couriers sometimes by motorcycle but those where mostly on a batallion or company level, at best. You cannot command a Mobile Combat Division of the 1940s with written messages from High Command...This is why German Tanks all had Radios built in.
In addition, you will never ever know if the message really was received so you cannot plan accordingly.

I think they may misunderstand it with by winter of 1944 Hitler made it so that every movement by Divisions and up had to be approved by him, and that he delegated orders.

If they, the Germans, did use letters or pidgeons or whatever and not radios in 1944, no wonder the Ardennene Offensive stalled! (Irony).
 

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I think they may misunderstand it with by winter of 1944 Hitler made it so that every movement by Divisions and up had to be approved by him, and that he delegated orders.

If they, the Germans, did use letters or pidgeons or whatever and not radios in 1944, no wonder the Ardennese Offensive stalled! (Irony).

Actually, Hitler did order "radio silence" in the planning of the Ardennes, which kept the Allies from getting warned through Ultra. All the planning was done in-person, by written order, or by telephone, no Enigma at all. MacDonald, Charles B. (1984), A Time For Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge, Bantam Books, ISBN 0-553-34226-6


Once the operation started, however, the radios were turned back on since there was no longer a surprise.
 
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Actually, Hitler did order "radio silence" in the planning of the Ardennes, which kept the Allies from getting warned through Ultra. All the planning was done in-person, by written order, or by telephone, no Enigma at all. MacDonald, Charles B. (1984), A Time For Trumpets: The Untold Story of the Battle of the Bulge, Bantam Books, ISBN 0-553-34226-6


Once the operation started, however, the radios were turned back on since there was no longer a surprise.

Agreed on this. On a sidenote, the goals one tries to achieve here are different. If you are planning something, it's about secrecy. If the action is going on and you're communicating it's about security. Those are totally different matters in their own right. Just so we're on the same page here :)
 
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1 Star General

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I got to disagree in that one. Actually a polish cryptologist cracked Enigma in 1939 before the start of WW2. They started in 1932 with incomplete Documents the french provided and the modifications the Germans made to the cypher didn't really help.

And before anyone wants to disagree, maybe read some more about "Marian Rejewski" :)

Don't wanna come out as too fussy, as I agree with the intention behind your post and I obviously commend you on the knowledge of this surprisingly still not widely known fact. It took the UK government only until relatively recent time to admit what they've got from the Poles;) However, I'd like to point out that it wasn't just the 'maverick genius' Rejewski, and it did not happen in 1939. In 1939 the Poles were actually in trouble because the growing complexity of the machine ~ more rotors~ created a need for computing power Rejewski's Bomba machine did not possess. The Poles cracked it for the 1st time in early 30's, true ~ using some documents obtained by the French,but also from their own intelligence assets in Germany ~ in the German army command and in the Enigma manufacturer. I guess what I'm really trying to say is that it was the collective effort of the Polish cryptology bureau and intelligence community as a whole. Rejewski was important, but so was Zygalski and numerous others. I think it's worth pointing out, since way too often ppl focus on individuals, like Turing (who met Rejewski in France, btw, where he learned of the bomb approach). Stressing the importance of the institutional approach tends to prevent ppl to express opinions like the one in OPs original post.
 
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@1 Star General you're right of course. It was a joint effort of several institutions and individuals. I just mentioned Rejewski because he's the figurehead of those "unknown" codecrackers and you can use him as a hook to find more information.
It's just that many people don't know how security works in communication, lack the understanding of how ciphers really work, the math behind them and the problems that arise (impact on communication).
It's understandable though, because it's incredibly boring and I guess I forgot more about it than most will ever learn about ciphers ^^ And god knows I never want to crack a cipher using Huffman and Chinese Remainder Theorem "manually" ever again. I guess what I want to say is: Don't watch movies. Watch documentaries and read appropriate books - and check if the author knows his math :)
 
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Vlad123

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English sources aren't the only ones to look at, check axis sources too;)

We are talking about Secret Services in particular of the S.I.M (Military Information Service) one of the best of the Second World War, but as we well know as good Italians we self-flagellate ourselves and prefer to forget the amazing feats we have accomplished. The protagonist of this episode is the Major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo.
On 11 December 1941, the withdrawal section of the S.I.M enters the United States embassy, in Via Veneto, and takes possession of the Black Code kept in the safe of the military Attaché in Rome, Colonel Norman E. Fiske. The astonishing action was directed by the Commander of Section "P", the major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo, one of the most capable collaborators of Colonel Cesare Amé, director of the S.I.M.
The operation was prepared with intelligence and extreme care by Thalamus and therefore required a long time. As a first act, two agents were infiltrated in the US embassy, acting as ushers. On the appointed night Major Thalamus, two non-commissioned officers and the two infiltrators, who had already taken the imprint of five keys, went into action.
Codes and documents were brought to the nearby “Photographic Section” of the S.I.M where they were photographed (thousands of pages). After a couple of hours, everything was returned to the safe. The copies went to the cryptographic section of the Services, in Forte Braschi.
Upon entering the war, the United States did not change the Black Code, which was considered impenetrable. In Cairo, US Colonel Frank Bonner Fellers, liaison officer with the English Command in the Middle East and with the Command of the Eighth Army, transmitted all the plans of the aforementioned British commands to the US Department of Defense: naturally using the Black Code. at Forte Braschi it intercepted and decrypted, also transmitting what was of interest to the Germans (Comando Forze Sud, in Frascati, of Kesselring) who poured them into North Africa at Rommel. It was thanks to this informative action that, starting with the Italian-German counter-offensive of January 21, 1942, all the plans of the VIII Army were intercepted and decrypted. The victorious actions of the Italian-German Army were also achieved thanks to the operation of Major Talamo.
The situation in our favor will end on 9 July 1942 due to the fault of the Chief of Information Services of Afrika Korps, von Mellenthin, who had ordered the Company to intercept Captain Seebohm to take sides close to the front line. During the attack, the Australians, having defeated Seebohm's men, entered the Command structure, where they also found Fellers' messages.
Since then, the US codes changed, any possibility of interception ended. On the other hand, with the Ultra code, the British will be able to continue reading all the messages of the Italian-German army in real time. A notable help for the victory of the Allies in North Africa.
 
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English sources aren't the only ones to look at, check axis sources too;)

We are talking about Secret Services in particular of the S.I.M (Military Information Service) one of the best of the Second World War, but as we well know as good Italians we self-flagellate ourselves and prefer to forget the amazing feats we have accomplished. The protagonist of this episode is the Major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo.
On 11 December 1941, the withdrawal section of the S.I.M enters the United States embassy, in Via Veneto, and takes possession of the Black Code kept in the safe of the military Attaché in Rome, Colonel Norman E. Fiske. The astonishing action was directed by the Commander of Section "P", the major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo, one of the most capable collaborators of Colonel Cesare Amé, director of the S.I.M.
The operation was prepared with intelligence and extreme care by Thalamus and therefore required a long time. As a first act, two agents were infiltrated in the US embassy, acting as ushers. On the appointed night Major Thalamus, two non-commissioned officers and the two infiltrators, who had already taken the imprint of five keys, went into action.
Codes and documents were brought to the nearby “Photographic Section” of the S.I.M where they were photographed (thousands of pages). After a couple of hours, everything was returned to the safe. The copies went to the cryptographic section of the Services, in Forte Braschi.
Upon entering the war, the United States did not change the Black Code, which was considered impenetrable. In Cairo, US Colonel Frank Bonner Fellers, liaison officer with the English Command in the Middle East and with the Command of the Eighth Army, transmitted all the plans of the aforementioned British commands to the US Department of Defense: naturally using the Black Code. at Forte Braschi it intercepted and decrypted, also transmitting what was of interest to the Germans (Comando Forze Sud, in Frascati, of Kesselring) who poured them into North Africa at Rommel. It was thanks to this informative action that, starting with the Italian-German counter-offensive of January 21, 1942, all the plans of the VIII Army were intercepted and decrypted. The victorious actions of the Italian-German Army were also achieved thanks to the operation of Major Talamo.
The situation in our favor will end on 9 July 1942 due to the fault of the Chief of Information Services of Afrika Korps, von Mellenthin, who had ordered the Company to intercept Captain Seebohm to take sides close to the front line. During the attack, the Australians, having defeated Seebohm's men, entered the Command structure, where they also found Fellers' messages.
Since then, the US codes changed, any possibility of interception ended. On the other hand, with the Ultra code, the British will be able to continue reading all the messages of the Italian-German army in real time. A notable help for the victory of the Allies in North Africa.

Yes it is common knowledge that the italians stole the allied codes and provided them to Rommel which helped him at the beginning of his Africa Campaign.
But this has

a) nothing to do with the current Discussion about cryptography (despite maybe further solidifying my previous posts)
b) did not help the axis powers in the long run
c) was tbh the only real feat of the italian spies I ever heard of from several sources.
 
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English sources aren't the only ones to look at, check axis sources too;)

We are talking about Secret Services in particular of the S.I.M (Military Information Service) one of the best of the Second World War, but as we well know as good Italians we self-flagellate ourselves and prefer to forget the amazing feats we have accomplished. The protagonist of this episode is the Major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo.
On 11 December 1941, the withdrawal section of the S.I.M enters the United States embassy, in Via Veneto, and takes possession of the Black Code kept in the safe of the military Attaché in Rome, Colonel Norman E. Fiske. The astonishing action was directed by the Commander of Section "P", the major of the Carabinieri Manfredi Talamo, one of the most capable collaborators of Colonel Cesare Amé, director of the S.I.M.
The operation was prepared with intelligence and extreme care by Thalamus and therefore required a long time. As a first act, two agents were infiltrated in the US embassy, acting as ushers. On the appointed night Major Thalamus, two non-commissioned officers and the two infiltrators, who had already taken the imprint of five keys, went into action.
Codes and documents were brought to the nearby “Photographic Section” of the S.I.M where they were photographed (thousands of pages). After a couple of hours, everything was returned to the safe. The copies went to the cryptographic section of the Services, in Forte Braschi.
Upon entering the war, the United States did not change the Black Code, which was considered impenetrable. In Cairo, US Colonel Frank Bonner Fellers, liaison officer with the English Command in the Middle East and with the Command of the Eighth Army, transmitted all the plans of the aforementioned British commands to the US Department of Defense: naturally using the Black Code. at Forte Braschi it intercepted and decrypted, also transmitting what was of interest to the Germans (Comando Forze Sud, in Frascati, of Kesselring) who poured them into North Africa at Rommel. It was thanks to this informative action that, starting with the Italian-German counter-offensive of January 21, 1942, all the plans of the VIII Army were intercepted and decrypted. The victorious actions of the Italian-German Army were also achieved thanks to the operation of Major Talamo.
The situation in our favor will end on 9 July 1942 due to the fault of the Chief of Information Services of Afrika Korps, von Mellenthin, who had ordered the Company to intercept Captain Seebohm to take sides close to the front line. During the attack, the Australians, having defeated Seebohm's men, entered the Command structure, where they also found Fellers' messages.
Since then, the US codes changed, any possibility of interception ended. On the other hand, with the Ultra code, the British will be able to continue reading all the messages of the Italian-German army in real time. A notable help for the victory of the Allies in North Africa.

So, by your own admission, the code wasn't really "cracked", simply STOLEN.
Even that doesn't show any special abilities or great accomplishment, as every country carried out "black bag" operations.
 
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Vlad123

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Yes it is common knowledge that the italians stole the allied codes and provided them to Rommel which helped him at the beginning of his Africa Campaign.
But this has

a) nothing to do with the current Discussion about cryptography (despite maybe further solidifying my previous posts)
b) did not help the axis powers in the long run
c) was tbh the only real feat of the italian spies I ever heard of from several sources.
there are other Italian actions (even if they are more raids like those of Alexandria, maybe I can find something of espionage from Italy).
Ironically, the advantage was lost to the German XD services
Regarding the difference between cracked and stolen, I don't think it's that different as an effect. If I steal the Black code cipher or if I decrypt it, the effect I have is the same (reading enemy information). If I'm not mistaken for the Alexandria raid, to do the raid (if I remember correctly), a submarine carrying something, passed off as an English submarine, thanks to the fact that the Italian secret services had taken the English identification code for submarines / submergible. This thing about light signals should be in the link I gave in a few posts ago. As I repeat, the sources of the axis must also be read (not only the Anglo-American ones, although I admit that for native English speakers they are easier to read and find).
 

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Regarding the difference between cracked and stolen, I don't think it's that different as an effect. If I steal the Black code cipher or if I decrypt it, the effect I have is the same (reading enemy information).

That is true, however the discussion here is decryption, not petty thievery.
To be clear, they broke into the US Embassy before the two countries were even at war, in September 1941, and stole the Military Attache code, not any operational code.
Clearly a violation of International Law that I wouldn't really be proud of
Since Italy surrendered in September 1943, it didn't do them much good, did it?.
Stealing codes is admission that you can't break them with brain power.
 
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Vlad123

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That is true, however the discussion here is decryption, not petty thievery.
To be clear, they broke into the US Embassy before the two countries were even at war, in September 1941, and stole the Military Attache code, not any operational code.
Clearly a violation of International Law that I wouldn't really be proud of
Since Italy surrendered in September 1943, it didn't do them much good, did it?.
Stealing codes is admission that you can't break them with brain power.
But he admits that they were better than you at using espionage ... even if he could admit that Italy could suspect something about the USA (if I'm not mistaken, history is full of warnings given by the secret services, regularly ignored)
 
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