The Great Austrian Chronicle
The Diary of Maximilian I
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1492
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January 1
I have ascended to the throne of Austria and am lord of all I survey. Tonight is my coronation, and the musicians play and the city is in celebration, after a month of dignified mourning for my late, beloved father Frederick III, the Holy Roman Emperor.
Outwardly I smile and look dignified as I meet the endless succession of dignitaries and nobles, but inwardly I am ablaze, eager to begin my reign. For the past several months, as my father lay ill on his deathbed, I have been meeting intensively with all his ministers, and some new men, bold and with ideas, who have been briefing me on the disposition of my realm and my forces, leaving nothing out, not even the petty details of commerce, which many in the royal court overlook. But I have vowed to be a better ruler than that, for deep in my pampered royal breast lies the driving ambition of a warrior born, and I have vowed secretly, to myself, that I will unite all Catholics under my rule, drive the Turk from Byzantium, and some day wear the crown of the Holy Roman Emperor upon my head. But for now I must put aside such fancies. To business.
The Kingdom of Austria has eight provinces, the most vital of which are my capital, Wien (or Vienna, as my English tutors called it), and Styria, an astoundingly rich province which yields some 90 ducats a year in revenue. I swear to myself that I shall never lose either province, worse comes to worse. In other economic matters we are as of yet of no consequence, having no traders ready to be deployed and no great mercantile city in our boundaries, the nearest being Venice and Genoa. My newly appointed econimic minister is named Goldschlager, he seems a sharp fellow, and eager to acquire for our nation a port of trade.
The army consists of one vast unit billeted in the capital. This is the Imperial Guard, commanded by Colonel Salzburg and consisting of 25,000 infantry, 10,000 horsemen (they style themselves 'Knights'), no cannons, and as yet, no navy, since we lack a port. Salzburg seems to be a competent enough fellow, but this peaceful previous regime has not yet tested him fully. Mine shall.
On the diplomatic front, my advisor Kettle tells me we have a royal marriage with Hungary and a permanent casus belli against Bohemia, two entanglements left over from the previous regime. Our enemies are numerous: both the Turks and Poles despise us, as do France, Prussia, and Brandenburg, while England, Spain, Lorraine, Naples, Savoy and our Father the Pope all favor us greatly.
Moving to our immediate neighbors, besides Bohemia and Hungary: northwest lies a bewildering array of minor German states, but the two of most immediate concern, because they actually border us, are Wurtemberg and Bavaria, the former friendly, the latter decidedly not. West lies the damned Helvetians, who also dislike us, while to our south lie the despicable Venetians and their Doge, a noted traitor and trafficker with Moslems.
The musicians still play their music in the halls below, and the noblemen continue the revel. But I have left the festivities early, and my advisors with me. Earlier this afternoon, an hour after the crown was put on my head and an hour before the feast began, King Ulaszlo II of Hungary and I met in private, and sealed our brotherhood with a military alliance. I shall have to count on him to act as a deterrent against the Bohemians and others, who may be tempted to test a young and new king. More troops are immediately called for in all the provinces, especially those bordering potential enemies.
Tomorrow Salzburg's men march to Styria. Once they arrive I shall join them, and as I lead the column over the border I shall declare war upon the Doge. I have rolled the dice early. I must hope it pays.
January 28
Salzburg's column has finally arrived in the mountains of Styria, and I join them secretly. Scouts report that the Bohemian army has been moving north, which is a relief, while King Ulaszlo has moved his massive army -- even larger than ours -- south. Has he divined my move, ready to pounce on some of the eastern Venetian provinces? Or is there another threat? I do not yet know the mind of my new ally.
Meanwhile it appears the Doge's army, much smaller than mine, is on the move. But to where? Before I cross the border, I shall wait and see where his forces move to. I may delay my strike until the end of March, when our reinforcements have been raised and the weather improved, and the nobles perhaps not so reluctant to follow a young monarch who immediately plunges the realm into war.
January 30
The Doge's army has indeed embarked on ships and sailed away, leaving his realm largely defenseless, although he is enlarging his fortifications in Istria. Good that his ill-got gains are going to improve fortifications that shall soon belong to me. Still, I wait for spring, so that the light of God's sun may shine on our victory.
February 5
A problem! It appears by using our diplomacy to lure the Hungarians into a military alliance, we lack the clout to declare war on Venice! This perturbs me no end, and I have a hard time accepting this fact from my advisors, but it appears that all the time and energy of my court must now be bent towards cementing this alliance and I must visit Budapest, attend festivals, etc., etc., before embarking on any more adventures. So be it.
In other news, the Hanse, Genoans, and treacherous Venetians have all established monopolies in their respective ports of trade. I also notice with some glee that the hated Doge has been expanding his official reach and promoting officials rather than tending to his military needs.
April 2 The Austro-Venetian War
It is done! Just as the new troops (7,000 foot 3,000 horse) are raised in Vienna under Colonel Haus, our diplomatic corps has completed its Hungarian tour and is prepared for war! I wait a day (April Fool's Day being an inauspicious time to begin a campaign) and begin, leading Salzburg's men towards Venice and unfurling my declaration of war. As expected, Hungary immediately joined us, and I have called up the reserves in Tyrol. The nobles grumble and the people seem unhappy that we had no just cause for this battle and that our enemies are Catholics, so I instruct my advisors to placate the nobles and work on our internal stability. Excitement! Soon the campaign shall begin!
April 16-30
My army arrives before the gates of Venice, but without cannon, my advisors tell me this siege could take years. Undaunted, I dig in and await reinforcements. I fear we shall have to take this city by deadly assault. Meanwhile the Magyar royal army marches towards Istria. Elsewhere, we hear that Spain has annexed Granada. We drink the wine of Venice and toast the Spaniards, while the Doge's men shout insults at us from behind their impregnable walls. The oddly-named KuK Armee arrives in Styria, and is ordered to Venice.
May
We sit before the walls of Venice.
June 23 The Battle of Venice
The Hungarians have begun the siege of Istria, and now assault its walls. Reinforcements arrive for us, the KuK Armee, and I lead the assault. But within days, as the battle rages, the Doge's land forces appear seemingly out of nowhere, apparently from the sea. They attack our men and quickly route all my forces, who retreat back into Styria. Now that I have seen the massive walls of Venice, I am beginning to consider cutting my losses and researching cannon before I return there. But at least I might grab Mantua! I shall have manuever my armies to the west. As my beaten troops stream back over the passes to the jeers of the Italian mountain peasants, I leave the Doge this dire warning, "We shall return for what is ours."
June late
Our allies are more fortunate: Istria has fallen to the Hungarians, who have reinforced their armies and even now march south, into Illyria. This is fine with me, for it will keep the Turks at bay and the Magyar busy.
July 5 A Royal Wedding
While marching with my army back into Styria, a messenger brings word that Saxony, a small state just beyond Bohemia, offers us a royal marriage. Grimly I rubber stamp my approval and return home swiftly to the capital for the ceremony. Her name is Gerthe and she is very pretty and smart and I make her my bride. The Saxons are surprised, thinking it strange that I would so quickly marry and one from such a small humble country, but I feel if I am to be campaigning I need a loyal friend in the capital, and in the decades to come I shall need sons to administer my provinces. The wedding is stately, beautiful, but somewhat strained, for we are still at war, and it goes badly.
July 10
Our treasury is nearly empty and I order all spending on frivoloties halted and our money hoarded for more war expenditures. I do not yet take the step of raising war taxes on an already mistrustful nobility, nor do I wish to borrow heavily, not yet, not if I do not have to. The able Venetian commander Borgia is leading his 10,000 men towards Tyrol and the recently assembled 3,000 foot led by my man Colonel Mariazell stationed there. Mariazell is ordered towards Styria, and the Imperial Guard under Salzburg, now in some semblence of order but still disheartened as they camp in Styria, is ordered towards Tyrol, hoping to add Mariazell to our legions on the road. The Guard has been reduced to 14,000 infantry and 14,000 cavalry thanks to the fiasco at Venice and the ardors of war. Damned Doge! For now I remain in the capitol with my new bride and direct the war from afar.
July 15 - August 2 The First and Second Battles of Tyrol
Disaster! The Venetian Borgia, whose prowess I admire ever more each day, has caught the miserably slow Colonel Mariazell and his provincial levies in Styria and forced them to the field, where he annhilated them completely. All the luck is with this Borgia, for no sooner did he win there, then a mere week later the second wave of Tyrolian levies, the so-called "Army of Bohemia" consisting of a mere two thousand raw recruits, takes the field against him and again are slaughtered to the man. Foolishly they did not await the arrival of Salzburg and the Imperial Guard, who rapidly approach. I ride quickly to meet Salzburg and lead the men into battle.
August 6 The Third Battle of Tyrol
Another battle against Borgia, another defeat. It was a very near thing this time and though we had the numbers (14/14/0) against his 10,000 men, my men were tired and still demoralized, while Borgia is an able commander. We were routed again, losing 3k infantry and 2k cavalry, but Borgia's forces have been reduced to 5k men. He commences his siege of Tyrol, while my armies retreat to regroup.
August 12
A dilemna. The Doge sends a letter demanding 12d. for peace (all we have in our coffers), but were I to sign it, my allies the Magyars would lose their gains in Istria and Illyria. I put his letter on the table, leaving the offer open for a weeks, before finally declining. The Hungarians continue to besiege Illyria, and Ragusa would be next. Lucky for them, the Turk seems busy, else surely he would intervene, jumping on Venice as well.
September 24
The Imperial Guard arrives in Salzburg (between Vienna and Tyrol) and regroups, while I return to the capital. Two thousand more foot will be added in the spring, but our monies are too few to allow for much more, and I fear the damned Doge will be able to afford much more than that. There is a surprise -- the English offer us a royal marriage, and I accept, this time allowing my scholarly cousin the chance to wed. Another damned wedding in the capital, when I should be leading my troops into battle! Still, it is nice to see Gerthe again. It will be winter soon, not a good time to be campaigning in the mountains.
October 1
I decide to broaden my diplomatic horizons, seeking future allies against the Doge. The Papal States seem a natural, they hate the Merchant of Venice, and the Holy Father looks kindly on us. I offer his house a royal marriage, my own lovely cousin Eliza, yet they refuse, and our relations suffer for it. Insolent Italians! They are my bane. Meanwhile the Hungarians continue their futile siege of Illyria, though their army has greatly diminished. Borgia is still camped outside Tyrol, but without cannon, he is in as much trouble as we when it comes to taking towns. Tyrol can hold out for another year.
November 11
Two thousand more footmen have been added to the Imperial Guard, and I rejoin the army, leading it again into Tyrol in what will probably be the last campaign of the year, maybe of my whole reign, if we do not finally have some success.
December 7-12 The Fourth Battle of Tyrol
At last! The Imperial Guard (14/13/0) meets Borgia's men (3/3/0) outside Tyrol and sends them packing. We have only light casualties, killing about 4,000 Venetians, who turn tail and head for Venice. We pursue, we must annhilate Borgia! Then it will be on to Mantua, so we might get something from this ill-conceived war. Damn the winter, and damn the Doge too. While on the road, I receive a message... Wurtemberg has accepted our offer of a royal marriage. Eliza at least will be pleased, she will be close to home and among people who speak her language. I leave my Guard in the dubious hands of Salzburg and head back to the capital, to be ready to send her off. Arriving in Vienna, I am confronted with a delegation of merchants, who apparently have readied some trade expeditions, but it seems we still lack the infrastructure to fund them, and they beg me to invest in that. I fully intend too, but for now I cannot.
December 13 -- January 5
The Doge again asks for peace, demanding our entire treasury, a princely sum of 7d. I refuse. The holidays I spend in the capital with my advisors and my bride, there is little to be accomplished in Venice this season, and matters of state must be attended. Salzburg and his men are even more uncomfortable, marching through the mountains on Christmas and New Year's, poor lads. On the fifth of January they reach Venice, surprising the remnants of Borgia's forces, who immediately flee southwest towards Mantua. Salzburg, obeying orders, ignores unassailable Venice for now and chases the Venetian army to Mantua. We collected 70d in taxes this year.
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1493
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January 10
Colonel Salzburg catches Borgia in Mantua and sends him packing again, but the wily one escapes, this time fleeing towards Venice. Salzburg detaches a cover group and then pursues Borgia back to Venice. Currently Salzburg's Guard consists of 11k men and 13k horse, while about 5,000 more infantry call-ups are gathering in Styria from various points around the empire. A siege of Mantua might take a year or more, so our new plan is to do that while keeping some forces outside Venice, to disperse any mustered troops. Back in the capital, I craft a letter of introduction to our recalcitrant neighbors the Bavarians, who intensely dislike us. Relations slightly improve, but at what cost? 25d in the midst of war? Choices, choices.
February 15
A child is born to Queen Gerthe, a daughter. We name her Marie.
March 4
The bulk of Salzburg's forces are now camped around Venice, which turned out to be wise, for a newly mustered relief army of 16,000 Venetians assembled there and were quickly smashed by our more organized men and sent packing. The Venetians were sent running towards Istria, held by our friends the Magyars. They still besiege Illyria, ignoring Ragusa, reinforcing their armies. It seems they will have to attend to Isteria though, which they left empty.
In terms of diplomacy and to help shore up our northwestern frontier, I decided to invite Wurtemberg to our Alliance, and the grateful little nation accepted.
April 2
Our wise men have finally figured out how to place merchants. Naturally, we sent our first to Venice, depsite the siege. Unfortunately, my scouts report the Venetian army we drove away from their capital regrouped in Isteria and rather than besiege the Hungarian garrison there as I had hoped, is marching into Carnolia, SE of Styria, which is currently unprotected. Colonel Salzburg was ordered to lift the siege and crush this outburst. The war has dragged on for an entire year now.
April 5
Again, the Doge sues for peace, demanding our whole treasury of 6d. No, I tell the petulant emissary. Peace now would mean I wouldn't gain a thing, nor would my Hungarian allies. Even if I don't win, I want Venice to be damaged. If only my ally would take a separate peace, gaining provinces! I urge him to do so but he refuses!
May, June July The Battle of Salzburg
Colonel Salzburg arrives in Styria, picking up two thousand more levies, but the Venetian Dicastrozza has gone to Carnolia, looting it, then turned to Vienna! Vainly Salzburg pursues him but the countryside of Vienna is looted before he arrives, and Dicastrozza moves on to Salzburg, burning and looting as he goes. I will have his head, I swear, as I watch the fires in my beautiful country from the confines of my castle. The whoreson! Finally in late July von Salzburg catches the riever in the province of Salzburg and gives him battle. Yet even though the invader is outnumbered by about 50% and in a foreign land, he still routes my worthless, badly-trained troops and continues his rampage.
September 1
Salzburg's ragtag band of soldiers tries to regroup, while Dicastrozza has moved on to Tyrol, besieging the town.
October 6
Salzburg, reinforced slightly and still with about 10k men and 11k horse march towards Tyrol, where Dicastraozza has but 4k men left. Surely we must crush that raider this time. I have already signed his death warrant, he will be drawn and quartered if caught alive, hung if captured dead. The man is little more than a bandit, though he did perform ably defeating that old fool von Salzburg. Once again I will lead my armies personally into the field. I bid my wife farewell and mount my horse and catch up with the Guard.
November 2-12 The Fifth Battle of Tyrol
Battle is joined in Tyrol! The bandit Venetian has only 4k men and his army is quickly bloodied with scant loss to ourselves. He leaves 3,000 men dead in the field and flees towards Venice, with most of the Guard and myself in pursuit -- but not all! We shall leave no province undefended for Venetian looters, not again.
December 8
I would hardly call it a battle, but Colonel Salzburg's 15,000 men slaughted Dicastraozza's last 400 men before the gates of Venice, though the bandit himself escaped inside the walls of the city. Our army moves southwest again, towards Mantua, as we are determined to crack the province. Yet there is only one chance, should the assault fail, it is my opinion, and that of all the court and my advisors, that this war is entirely fruitless and we would be best to expand our economy. To that end, we sent a second merchant into Venice (under false colors, of course). Unfortunately that great city is still open, and our lack of a navy means the world has no trouble coming and going to the markets of that great city, and that worthless Doge could care less what happens to the peasants in his countryside.
December 24 The end of the Austro-Venetian War.
Christmas Eve. I pace before the walls of Mantua, just out of arrow-range, studying the walls and wondering about an assault. Old Colonel Salzburg is against it, as are most of my court, and I too feel misgivings. The enemy has 10,000 men in the garrison, and I have but 13,000 men and 12,000 horse here, and no cannon or siege engines. An assault would almost certainly fail, so reluctantly I call it off. Perhaps the spirit of the holidays moves me, but at last, reluctantly, after a year and nine months of war, I extend the olive branch, offering a white peace. The Doge accepts without comment. We will always be enemies, I feel, but the day of reckoning has not yet come. I hurry back to the capital to my wife and Princess Marie, nearly a year old. The weary army under gouty old, complaining Colonel von Salzburg follows. I doubt that the Magyars are pleased with this turn of events, but their troops up and leave Istria and Illyria without incident.
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1494
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Jan 1
A mere 40 ducats in tax are collected, thanks to the depradations of the marauding Venetian army. Back in court I meet with my advisors in siege warfare, who estimate it will be another eighteen months before we've perfected our metal cannonballs, and even more years before cannons small enough to be hauled from siege to siege can even be considered. Years! It is fortunate I am still a young man.
March 1
The winter has been quiet. Colonel Salzburg is bringing the Guard back to the capitol, while a few small units of levies (1k men apiece) are being posted to the border provinces. Otherwise we are saving our coin, looking to expand the administrations of our provinces with bailiffs and seeking to increase trade. At this point, we have diplomatic capital to expend and that's about it, so we decided to enlarge our network of allies through royal marriage, since we have no coin to be giving gifts. In this sphere, Queen Gerthe is very useful, although her efforts to win us friends in Thuringia through marriage fail, Parma, Milan, and Helvetia all accept.
We review our situation regarding our neighbors. The Hungarians of course remain our friends, but the Venetians and Bohemians still hate us, though fortunately neither has large armies, the Venetians none at all that I ca see, and the Bohemians apparently keep their troops far to the north. Of the minor states bordering us, Milan, Helvetia, and Wurtermberg are friendly or at least bound to neutrality by marriage, the only exception Bavaria, whose army of 35,000 men is even larger than ours.
May
We send a third merchant to Venice, under our own flag now that the war is over, where our Styrian gold is still good despite the resentment the Venetians feel towards us. We've also begun promoting a bailiff to tax collector in our richest province, Styria. Our three merchants in Venice now earn 17d a year.
June
The Hessians accept my offer of a royal marriage, taking another of my numerous cousins off my hands. The summer passes peacefully, indolently, and I spend time in my favorite hunting lodges in the Tyrol, dabbling with my horses and my hounds. Even my old worried advisors seem calm and confident, for Europe is entirely peaceful, no hint of a war or storm on the horizon. Perhaps we are even entering a new age of peace throughout Christendom.
Fall
Another merchant is sent to Venice. Gerthe bears me a son, whom I name Frederick. Later the merchants come, bearing a petition expressing their unhappiness, and due to this work stoppage, much of our investment has been lost. Fat, bungling merchants, bedbugs, louses! I am angry, and happy to send the whole worthless lot of them to Venice. Still, even their discontent cannot mar this wonderfully peaceful time.
Later, Queen Gerthe arranges another royal marriage between our house and that of nearby Baden. We travel to Baden for the ceremony, which lets us visit Wurtemberg, another friend through alliance, and then spend a restful vacation in the hot springs for which Baden is famous. It is a good time, and we return to Vienna a much happier family. Little Marie is quite active and Frederick looks to be a stout young lad. Little does he know he may some day be Roman Emperor and the greatest man in all Christendom, if things work out for his papa.
November 10 -- December
It is a day for celebration, for we enter into a royal marriage with Spain, sending my sister Louise to the royal house of Spain, a move that can only strengthen the Hapsburg bond. The old saying, "Let others war, Austria will marry" has definitely been true this year. For Christmas, I give Gerthe a fine bit of china and a dinnerware set of Styrian gold. Little Marie gets a porcelain doll, and young Frederick a set of wooden soldiers. A prince is never too young to learn the arts of Mars.
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1495
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January
We've reduced military expenditures considerably, are investing heavily in military and trade technology, and dispatched a fourth merchant to Venice. In foreign news, Manuel has risen to the throne of Portugal. We know little of him or his land, except that they are faithful Christians and brave adventurers and explorers. I envy him his coast and his fleet, but must bide my time. Austria remains landlocked. Our tax income for the new year is some 50d, less than I expected, but I direct Goldschlager to re-invest 51d in a tax collector for the capital province. He also wants to spend another 50d improving the administration of Salzburg but I demur. We have but 100d in the treasury, must we spend it all on bureacrats! I opt to hoard it, for I wish to improve the fortifications of Styria.
February
We drove a Tunisian from the great market of Venice. Lousy Doge! Trades even with the infidels! Our three merchants there earn about 17d a year, though it fluctuates slightly.
April
My advisors come to me all in a flurry of excitement. It seems they have perfected the metal cannonball! Two years to late to the day, I tell them, and sourly send them back to their musty old libraries and dangerous alchemy rooms. Build me a field cannon! I demand. And don't come back until you have! Laggards.
May
Goldschlager persuades me to spend another 51d upgrading the administration in another province. We chose Odeburg, which is nestled safely between our territories and that of the Hungarian. After Styria and Vienna, all the other provinces are rather rural and backward, providing little income, so which ones are improved is of little interest except to our generals, who must defend these improvements. The talk of the court is still the Star of Peace, which some astrologers now claim has settled over the land. There must be truth to it, for Europe has been at peace for two years now, excepting my little misadventure of course. Or is everyone furiously preparing for war behind my back? I know the saying, a crowned head never rests easy, to be true, too true.
June
Our fourth merchant arrives in Venice but our income doesn't increase. I am peeved, Goldschlager is perplexed. I suggest we send the next fellow to Genoa, and in that we agree. More funds are invested in the economy, both technology and administration.
July
Damn Goldschlager and his bureaucrats! No sooner had I approved 51d be squandered on another vellum-scratching scribe than a general European war threatens to erupt. This time it is France declaring war on England, and France's parade of mismatched allies -- Savoy, the Papal States, Scotland, Poland, and the infidel Mamelukes -- follow suit. England seems to have no allies, and no troops in Calais, surely the object of France's wrath. I wish England the best, but I want no part of this war. So much for the Star of Peace, though.
August
As the diplomats are stacking up around my capital I dispatch a host of them to Paris, where they quickly bear fruit: we enter into a royal marriage with France. Now that I have royal embassies in both England and France I recieve fairly reliable letters from both sides of the continent, and have a decent vantage point to view the ensuing war. I make Ketel, Goldschlager, and von Salzburg gather weekly in the situation room, where we study the French and English positions and move big wooden soldiers representing their armies around on my giant European map. The English appear to have been caught completely off guard, without a standing army anywhere in their land, though some are rapidly being mustered in Calais. France seems to have planned poorly, with most of its troops in the southwest, near Spain. Belatedly they march across the country. Then again, it could be my spies and diplomats have reports that are spotty at best.
August 18
The first action! James IV of Scotland invades the English Marches and Norfolk of England, who was apparently at sea, rushes to meet him, thoug he will have to march across the breadth of his land.
August 28
How quickly does fire spread, once started! Far off in the distant East, the Teutonic Order has declared war upon Poland, an ally of France. The Order's allies, Venice and the Hanseatic League declare too. Then all of Poland's allies, including France and the Papacy, declare war on the Order and her allies. The Pope and France at war with my enemy, Venice! I thump Salzburg's back with glee and order him to get the troops ready. If there is an opening, an opportunity, I shall seize it, though I fear once again the lack of cannons useful in siege may thwart my efforts yet again.
October
Norfolk closes with James in the Marches, and sends the Scottish king back over the border. France looks as if it shall have Calais as there is nothing English left to stop them. As of yet, the Teuto-Polish War has not caused any problems for the Venetians, or any combat in Italy. I am perplexed. We dispatch a merchant to Genoa and hear word that the infidel Turks and their bag of mostly Moslem allies have gone to war with the equally damned Mamelukes. Anything that keeps the Turks busy is good news for us. However Goldschlager worries that if Turkey conquers the Mamelukes, it shall grow even mightier, and it will be even more difficult to eject them from Europe. He is right to remind me of the true enemy of the Cross.
November
Hannover accepted a marriage proposal, but again the Papacy declined. I undertand that priests are celibate, but does not any one of these cardinals have a brother, nephew, uncle, or son? Or are they all grown from vines, by monks, as the Holy Fathers would no doubt prefer! Bah. Norfolk has stopped on his border, refusing to pursue James. Foolishness, the English should use this opportunity to seize that land.