There were 2 88mm guns. Barrell length 56 caliber and 71 caliber. The former was pretty typical AA gun, and there were several similar in allied service. The reason they were not employed had to do with either having lighter guns that were sufficient, or their carriage not being designed for ground fire, and guns themselves lacking AP rounds.
The latter gun was fairly unique, best AT gun at that caliber.
The original FlaK 18 L/56 was originally used in a ground AT support role during the Spanish Civil War, and during the final offensive in Catalonia ground engagements were 97% of ammunition expenditures. After the civil war campaign units in service were modified (with production lines likewise modified) to have proper direct fire sights, and a proper anti-tank projectile (PzGr 40/ AP 40) was likewise developed to support this use. This same gun was used in 1940 against the Brits in the Araas, and then from 1941-43 in North Africa. At the same time, the FlaK 18 L/56 was being redeveloped into the FlaK 36, which retained the same shorter barrel length but had improvements to transportability and handling (but at a core is the same gun as the '18). Use of the '18 and 36 in an AT role became far more prevalent after '41 and encounters with Russian armor made current AT guns insufficient (but that's beyond the scope of this rebuttal). The 71 caliber FlaK 43 was, primarily, an AA-dedicated weapon, with specific features built in to function as said (battery synchronization equipment, power rammer etc), though it was used as the base for the PaK 43 AT gun.
And while yes, there were other AA guns in service (the brits had a 3.7" gun that actually had marginally better ballistic performance), those units were both heavier, did not have an AP round developed (though its need is probably debatable in the early war environment against Pz IIs, IIIs, 36/38t's and early Pz IVs), the single reason that they weren't used in this role was simply that nobody
thought to try. The use of the FlaK 18 in Spain was probably significant overkill against anything they were deployed against, but their range and accuracy were obvious selling points (that got put to significant use in north Africa). So at most the Germans were ahead of the curve here and made use of a technologically flexible tool, but it was something that was eventually matched with equivalent tech (more or less).