Chapter 1.5: He Who Opens the Ways
History often acts in these broad, faceless moves. The Bubonic Plague. The Great Migrations and the Fall of Rome. The Late Bronze Age Collapse. All of these are massive, world-changing events, but they're also deeply impersonal.
But other times you get these rare events that seem so confoundingly unlikely and yet so monumentally impactful that it's easy to understand how the people living through them could honestly believe that this was all predestined. That they were genuinely chosen.
The events that would take place over the next two years in the lands of Kordofan and Darfur can seem like they were barely a footnote in the grand scale of history. But the people who were there would see their whole world turned upside down in the blink of an instance, through a series of coincidences so fortuitous that to many, they could
only be a sign of divine favor.
This is the story of how Bolad became High Chieftain of Darfur -- according to the Kushite customs. [1]
Immediately following the fall of the village of Mao-Darfur, before he had even returned with his men to Ubaid, Bolad got word that Chieftain Eri of El-Fasher had declared war on Chieftain Dahab of Darfur, who had recently been defeated by Bolad in the conquest of West Kordofan. Eri had decided to make good on Dahab's temporary weakness in the wake of his defeat and invaded the eastern lands of Darfur.
In the tribal customs of the Kushite Daju at this time, peace treaties between warring tribes usually included an agreed-upon truce, enforced at penalty of grave dishonor, and these truces usually lasted for years, so Bolad would have had nothing to fear from Dahab, and vice versa. But if Chieftain Eri managed to subjugate the tribes of East Darfur, he could lead their warriors against Bolad.
Further, the Chroniclers claim (a bit hypocritically, one might say) that Bolad was simply trying to prevent the shedding of Daju blood by other Daju, by uniting the fracturing tribes. He had planned to do this diplomatically (and one must raise an eyebrow at this claim as well), but Eri's attack simply left him no choice.
In any case, war was declared, and the Kordofani warriors marched south to the village of El-Fasher[2] while their enemy still fought against the warriors of Chief Dahab the Muglad.
It took time for the messengers to reach Bolad at Mao-Darfur, and even longer to gather the warriors who were still securing the province for the march on El-Fasher, so even with Youssouf's expertise, the enemy managed to secure the villages of East Darfur before El-Fasher could be captured, claiming the lands of Eastern Darfur and slaying Chief Dahab and ending the Muglad line. When the village did finally fall, it came with a handsome prize: Chieftain Eri's young son and heir Ederisu was taken hostage. Bolad ordered him released even while the war was still being fought, in exchange for a ransom of many heads of cattle for his herds.
Soon after the village of El-Fasher fell, Bolad's men caught up with the warriors of Cheiftain Eri in the highlands north of Mao-Darfur, at a place called Malha. It was a costly battle, and many warriors on both sides fell. But in the fighting, Chieftain Eri himself was grievously wounded and taken captive by the Kordofani. In exchange for his safe release and the forfeiture of the lands surrounding El-Fasher, Eri was released, sealing the customary truce.
If Chieftain Eri's ill-fated decision to invade Eastern Darfur before Bolad's army had even returned to Kordofan was the first pivotal event in this tale, the second came as a result of the Battle of Malha. Chieftain Eri had negotiated a five year long truce with Chieftain Bolad and sealed it with their blood, and five years would have been a long time to wait before securing the rest of Darfur. The fractured Daju tribes had been steadily losing ground over the prior few decades to the neighboring Zaghawa people to west and the Coptic Nubians to the east. Yet so long as the truce stood, Bolad would not have even imagined invading Dar Al-Said. Breaking a truce would have shattered the people's faith in him and in his message, maybe irrevocably, and the last echoes of ancient Egypt would have died out, muffled in the sands of the Sahel.
Bolad's path to victory was opened, he would later claim, by the direct intervention of the god Wepwawet himself. Before the men of Dar Al-Said had even reached their own territory, the Chief was dead, his internal injuries from the battle having festered.
Eri's heir was a boy of four years old named Ederisu, and Bolad wasted no time declaring that the gods have warned him that the boy was unfit to rule land along the western frontier's hostile border, where the Sheikhdom of Ayn-Farah was ruled by a cruel and craven animist named Kpodo.
For the protection of all Daju Kushites, he claimed, be they in Darfur or Kordofan, it was crucial a strong, fit ruler control these contested territories. A four year old boy certainly did not qualify. Bolad would seize and rule Dar Al-Said while the boy chief would be allowed to keep the lands of Eastern Darfur, which his father had won by right of conquest.
Of course, Bolad could use his troops to enforce this decree without fear of violating the truce, for his pact was with Eri and died with him. He owed Ederisu no loyalty.
Bolad raised his troops in El-Fasher and marched them to the village of Dar Al-Said, hoping to catch the retreating soldiers before they could regroup. Indeed, Bolad and his men arrived at Dar Al-Said first; but when the warriors of Eri reached the village where his son had been encircled, they abandoned him, fleeing into the mountains instead. Bolad took Dar Al-Said easily, capturing the boy chief, but magnanimously released him, 'granting' him the land of East Darfur.
It was barely half way through his fifth year of reign, and Bolad was now High Chieftain of a land that would come to be known as "Dardaju", or "Land of the Daju" in the native tongue. The name was chosen as a unifier for all the different tribes, Kordofani, Darfuri, and so on. This strategy of consolidation wouldn't always work, though it would always prove more effective when the realm was under external pressure.
Bolad's own title was Chief of All Daju, which wasn't true quite yet -- the sheikh of Ayn Farah ruled over tribes of Daju people, and Bolad would turn his eye to their liberation next. And the tribes of East Darfur did not yet swear loyalty to the Chief of All Daju - in fact, Ederisu (or his regent) would resist peaceful offers of vassalage. But in the minds of many of the Daju themselves, this was a pivotal moment, where Bolad had proven his worth at ruling their people and restoring them to glory.
There is one other smaller, more personal story that comes down to us through the Daju oral traditions of this time. According to the tales it happened slowly throughout this war, but so as not to interrupt the flow of the narrative, I'm placing it at the end. This is the story of Bolad's more personal ccampaigns, where he proved less effective a conquerer.
During the previous war[3], Bolad had convinced Youssouf of the sincerity of his faith and swayed him; there was no questioning Youssouf's faith in Bolad as a leader. But Youssouf had originally caught Bolad's eye for more sentimental reasons, and Youssouf had previously made it clear that he was not interested in such attentions. Still, their relationship had grown along the years, and during this war Bolad tried once more.
His attempts at courtship were quite awkward, and often ended in failure. These sorts of relations were not forbidden or even shunned in Kushite society, but they generally weren't something a chief with aspirations for conquest would air publicly, especially if that chief was married and held multiple concubines yet had fathered no children in many years despite his youth. Yet Bolad publicly pursued Youssouf, to the latter's great embarrassment.
Yet in the days following the conquest of Dar Al-Said, as Bolad and his men went over the village's new management, Youssouf came to Bolad one evening, soon after the rest of his courtiers departed, and revealed his intentions. He did not wish to reject Bolad, the opposite; he simply wished to accept him on his own terms, not be badgered into it by public displays.
Bolad and Youssouf finally accepted each other, and the realm was rapidly growing. But not all Daju were united under the Chief of All Daju, nor were his tribes powerful enough to deal with the Nubian Coptics. Dardaju was not yet safe.
[1] The Coptic chroniclers do not go into nearly as much detail about this period, only plainly stating that Bolad conquered the lands of Darfur through guile and force of arms.
[2] El-Fasher was built at the foothills of a mountain that was holy to the Daju people, known as Jebel Marra. Securing this site would go on to grant Bolad much of his divine legitimacy.
[3] It is likely the two tended to bond on campaign because they were away from Bolad's wives and concubines, but the Chroniclers are unclear on this topic.