1993
In January of 1993, the Walenstadt Cabinet initiated its plan to completely overhaul the political system in order to democratize it. A finalized draft of the new Prussian Constitution was put forward in the Landtag. The document had been carefully thought out by members of the SDP, the VP, the CD.P and the EP, with only the Junkers refusing to work on it. The result was a highly liberal Constitution that protected the rights of individuals above anything else. The document was easily accepted by a two-thirds majority. Here are some of its more important changes:
· The Landtag has the power to remove the Chancellor from office in a vote of no-confidence, needing a normal majority to do so.
· Likewise, the Chancellor and his Cabinet need a normal majority to be sworn in.
· The country’s official name was changed from ‘the State of Prussia’ to ‘the Republic of Prussia’.
· The powers of the President were slightly increased to include the privilege of assigning formateurs (someone who forms a government) after elections.
· A limit of two terms was set on the Chancellorship.
· The right to form trade unions is guaranteed by the government, public meetings are also allowed to protect the right to protest.
· The right of free speech, religion, education etc. was all cemented in the Constitution.
In the aftermath of the Constitutional change, a new debate arose in the media regarding the flag of Prussia. The current flag was a variant of the Volkspartei-era flag and was not without its controversies. One of the country’s more popular newspapers, Preussen Heute, wrote out a competition for a new flag design. The idea was quickly picked up by the government and Chancellor Walenstadt decided to open up the debate in Parliament. Three designs made it to the final choices and were put forward in the Landtag. But Parliament could not decide either. Personal preferences for aesthetic elements proved to be a hard matter to debate on. Before the media would paint the Landtag as a group of disconnected politicians who debated on stupid things like flags and anthems, Chancellor Walenstadt decided that holding a referendum on the matter would be the best option here. (In the 1997 elections, you will get the option to vote on a new flag)
Option 1:
The traditional Prussian flag but with the German eagle instead of the national populist variant in the current flag.
Option 2:
A horizontal tricolour with the German eagle holding a smaller shield version of the flag.
Option 3:
A more simpler version of the previous tricolour without a German eagle.
On the 17th of January, the food can factory in West-Pomerania was done, instantly solving the unemployment issues if the region. In Posen however, unemployment rose again, so Walenstadt decided to subsidize the existing industry and allow it to expand. Even though Prussia was sitting on an ever increasing debt to the US, Walenstadt believed that solving unemployment was more important than balancing the budget. The Chancellor’s decision was quickly followed by an expansion of one of Posen’s largest industrial bakeries.
The new food can factory in West-Pomerania provided employment for a considerable amount of people, while at the same time creating a demand for locally produced agricultural products.
In March, Chancellor Walenstadt invited Premier Copé of French Algiers, the French satellite on the North African coast known for its dubious ethnic policies. Walenstadt and Copé discussed the upcoming peace talks between the Algérois government and the Berber minorities. It was a controversial conversation to say the least. Since the Second Tuareg Rebellion of the 1960s, French Algiers had become a satellite state of the Kingdom of France. Increasing Jewish and French migration to the region, combined with the expulsion of Sunni Arabs and the considerable presence of Berber tribes, had transformed the country into an ethnically unstable region. As a result, Sunni Arabs and Berbers have become a minority in what they call their homeland. Increasing violence and terrorism, often supported by the Tuareg Republic, is once again threatening to destabilize the region. That is why the French and Algérois governments have agreed to hold ‘peace talks’ later this year. Chancellor Walenstadt was widely criticized for his meeting with Copé. The Junkerpartei openly questioned the integrity of Walenstadt. What kind of Chancellor invites the Premier of a nation which is known for its dubious ethnic policies of resettlement and expulsion of minorities? Of course the SDP quickly countered by referring to the Junkers’ own past of cultural superiority policies and reassuring that the Chancellor’s meeting was not an endorsement of Algérois policies. Josef Tusk regretted Walenstadt decision to meet with Premier Copé but was certain that the Chancellor had no bad intentions.
Algérois settlement policy is one of the most contested policies anywhere in the world.
In the following months, more and more refugees from Yugoslavia arrived at Prussia’s borders, seeking asylum. An escalation of the violence was the most probable cause. Last year, the Walenstadt Cabinet had accepted most of the requests. But now their numbers had increased so much that the administration wouldn’t be able to handle them all. It was clear that something needed to be done to end the conflict in Yugoslavia. So far, the conflict had taken on a complex form. The ethnic diversity of Yugoslavia translated itself into the many sides of the conflict. Only the Republic of Macedonia had so far managed to stay out of the conflict, probably due to its friendly relationship with Byzantium. But in Serbia, Croatia and Bosnia several minor wars were happening between the ethnic groups. As it looked now, there were two major wars; the Croation War of Independence and the Bosnian War of Independence. While Croatia was waging war against Yugoslavia and the Yugoslavian backed Croatian Serbs, Bosnia-Herzegovina was waging a war against the Croatian backed Herzeg-Bosnia and the Yugoslavian backed Republika Srpska. In July, something finally changed that would end some of the conflict. The Defence Committee of the European Union came to the agreement that the Yugoslavian Wars were a threat to the peace of Europe and could trigger another World War. With silent approval from Russia, which had its own internal troubles, a UN Resolution was approved, allowing the EU to intervene in the Bosnian War of Independence on the side of Bosnia-Herzegovina. A German led task force was quickly deployed to the Balkans and diplomacy channels were opened to broker a ceasefire. Reactions in Prussia were divided. The SDP, VP and CD.P all applauded the EU’s effort to end the conflict. The JP and the EP on the other hand criticized Germany’s leading role and wrote it off as another example of resurgent German colonialism and imperialism. The Greens were more two-sided on the issue, applauding the diplomatic efforts to establish a ceasefire, but regretting the fact that more violence was needed to bring an end to the conflict. Chancellor Walenstadt send an official message to Germany, expressing his support for their effort and increasing the relations between Prussia and Germany.
Germany joins Bosnia-Herzegovina in their war of Independence against Herzeg-Bosnia.
Also in July, the long awaited municipal elections came around. As expected, the Junkerpartei lost their hold over most of the towns that were under their control. The CD.P was clearly the biggest victor, gaining both in the countryside and in urban areas. Königsberg, as predicted by several newspapers and political analysers, remained under control of the Erneuerungspartei. Danzig was won by the Social Democrats, as were Breslau and Posen. Stettin became the first city to have a CD.P mayor. The Greens did not do as well as they hoped, only gaining marginal votes in cities like Danzig and Breslau. The Volgapartei allied itself to several local Polish parties, winning much of Silesia as a result. Political commentators were already using the local elections to predict the next general elections in 1997, but there were still a couple of years to go for the Walenstadt Cabinet and much could change.
Chancellor Walenstadt casting his vote in the municipal elections in Danzig.
By the beginning of September, the EU’s military and diplomatic efforts in the Balkan had paid off. A ceasefire was signed between the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Herzeg-Bosnia. The latter recognized the government in Sarajevo and was annexed into the Republic. This meant that the conflict in Bosnia was now limited to the Republika Srpska and the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
The Balkans in September of 1993, the red arrows indicating which nations were at war with each other.
By the end of September, it was time for the next round of legislation to improve the rights of minorities within Prussia. With the ever increasing amount of refugees from the Balkans and the large amount of Volga Germans and ethnically Polish Silesians who lived in Prussia, such legislation was needed in order to right the wrongs of the Volkspartei-era. With this new legislation, the government would take affirmative action to ensure that minorities weren’t discriminated against. A new government agency called the
Zentrum für Gleichheit (ZG) was founded to function as a hotline for reporting racist crimes or cases of discrimination. Walenstadt and Rossel hoped that this would somewhat improve the standing of Silesians. Within its first weeks of existence, the ZG was already overwhelmed with complaints and Minister Rossel had to make more resources free for the agency. It quickly became clear that the hotline itself was not enough, so Rossel started working on legislation to ban hateful and racist speech.
In October, troubling news arrived on Walenstadt’s desk. Rising unemployment and low wages in Posen and Königsberg had escalated to the point that some of the workers became disillusioned with the Social Democrats. As a result, they had organized themselves into a new political movement called
Syndikale Aktion für Preussen (Syndicalist Action for Prussia) under the leadership of Albrecht Schwartzmann. For now their actions remained limited to peaceful protests and strikes, but there were signs that they were organizing themselves on a political level. Walenstadt had read the reports of Schwartzmann’s activities and was not amused to say the least. The syndicalist leader was known for his outspoken anti-Western and anti-Russian views, even calling for a Worker’s Union of Central and Eastern Europe as an alternative for the capitalist EU and the national populist Moscow Pact. Minister of Labour and Social Affairs Herbert Hupka advised the Chancellor that the best way to deal with this new movement was to further improve the rights of workers, while increasing their wages and lowering unemployment. It would be a difficult task, but the expansion of the industrial bakeries in both Posen and Königsberg would most likely help to relieve some of the unrest.
Flag of the Syndicalist Action for Prussia movement.
1993 had proven to be another difficult year for the Walenstadt Cabinet. Not only were they confronted by growing problems at home, like unemployment and a growing syndicalist movement, but also by international conflicts like the Yugoslavian Wars and the ethnic policies of French Algiers. The bright side of this year was the fact that the government had taken important steps towards further democratizing Prussia. A new more liberal Constitution and municipal elections had made sure of that. In addition, with the founding of a new agency to combat racism and discrimination and educational reforms still underway, the stage was set for pacifying the cultural differences of the Volkspartei-era.
International news of 1993: