I think, that TRP has an idea in the right direction. Having universities as buildings, that raise local LS.
Great idea in theory, but not very useful to a minor country in its implementation. Those Universities gave a small percentage bonus to the province, so if you had 1.0 Leadership in your capital, you only got something like an additional 0.1 Leadership with the building. If you were a major country, your capital might give 5.0 Leadership, so that's an additional 0.5 Leadership. The UK, for instance, had several provinces with 5+ Leadership, so you could really boost them if you could afford to spend the IC. With Practical levels considered, it typically costs a minor country 20% more to build one, and then they only get 1/5th of the benefit. The big get bigger, and the small get table scraps at best, even if they DO manage to occupy enough of the world to out-produce a few of the majors.
While I don't think that the minor countries should be able to "conquer the world" in this limited sort of time frame, it's infuriating how they're not able to even do most what they did historically, while a couple of major countries are simply handed everything they had on a silver platter, with the ability to do a lot more if you try.