Restoration of the Reich (1936-1941)
By 1936, Germany had managed to bring itself back from the abyss of the dark years following the First World War and the Great Depression, and was now determined to re-arm the once great Reich and serve it's own brand of justice to the Western Allies. As war preparations continued along nicely, civil war broke out in Spain pitting the right-wing Nationalists versus the Socialist Republicans. Seeing this as an opportunity to strengthen it's relations with a like-minded regime, the Kaiser ordered that an expeditionary force be formed and sent to the aid of the Nationalists as soon as possible. In collaboration with Hermann Goering, von Bock set up the
Condor Legion, an expeditionary force composed of Germany's finest soldiers and airmen from across the country.
Continuing in his preparations for all-out war with the Allies, the Kaiser launched the 2nd, 3rd and 4th phases of the construction of the Siegfried Line, a massive defensive line running from Luxembourg to Switzerland, aimed at holding back Allied forces, leaving the bulk of the Imperial forces free to do as they wish in other theaters. Later in the year, King Leopold III of Belgium prevent the passing of the
Edict of Belgian Neutrality, and instead declared Belgium would support France in the event of war with Germany and the Allied Powers. This news was met with mixed feeling in the German High Command. While they would have to fight on a wider front than predicted, but at the same time this enabled the Imperial Army to invade France through Belgium, as it did in 1914, without violating the sacred neutrality of Belgium. In light of these new events, High Command developed a plan called for the invasion of Holland in 4 days. It would carry the codename “Fall Blau” (Case Blue). Once the Dutch had surrendered, the German Army will proceed to cross the border into Belgium and unto France. High Command hoped that France would fall within a few months, but it also realised that it's lack of armored units could prevent such an objective from being reached. Indeed, with German industrial capacity at it's maximum, and technological advancements taking longer than expected due to the governmental budget being strained almost to it's limit, tank production would prove to be limited. This greatly worried the Kaiser, as he was a staunch believer in the potential of armored warfare, and was greatly influenced by Heinz Guderian's book
Achtung Panzer! when it came to his views on modern warfare. Nevertheless, there was not much that the Kaiser could do, and re-armement continued to progress. In July 1937, emboldened by recent events and determined to prove to his Generals that the Allies were as spineless as ever, decided to denouce the Versailles Treaty and withdrew Germany's signature. No word came from London, and nothing more than an official protest out of France. The Kaiser was right, the Allies were weak, and this same weakness would have to be exploited to it's maximum. As the Civil War in Spain progressed, and Nationalist Spain garnered more and more support from it's population, the German Foreign Minister Constatin von Neurath continued to improve relations between the Kaiser and General Franco, the Nationalist leader. Von Neurath even secured General Franco's support in the case of a war with the Allies. He would not, however, commit to a specific date or general timeframe in which Spanish action could be expected. Von Neurath was delighted at the agreement, but the Kaiser was less so. He committed his best troops to fight alongside Nationalist Spain and had sent him enormous amounts of supplies to help him in his war effort, and his only thanks was a vague promise to aid Germany in the event of a war with the Allies if he felt like it. The following year, in April 1938, Wilhelm II emerged from his exile in Holland and returned to his homeland. He was greeted by hysterical crowds as his car drove him to the Imperial Palace in Berlin.
The old Kaiser was proud of what Germany had become, although he was saddened he had caused it's immesurable suffering during the years of 1914-1933. In November, seeing as the Versailles treaty no longer applied, the Kaiser no longer needed Chancellor Bruning. He therefore replaced him with von Papen, a more authoritairian Chancellor, just like von Schleicher had been. This greatly outraged the working class, as they saw this as a return to the oppressive regime of von Schleicher. Also, the socialists united themselves under the banner of the the Worker's Party. Furtherore, at the elections the Socialists won almost 47% of the popular vote. Desperate to prevent the Socialists from interfering with re-armament and Germany's expansionist ambitions, banned the workers party and passed the enabling act, giving the Chancellor supreme authority over the Reichstag (but the Kaiser maintains his right to veto any law the Chancellor attempts to pass). The rest of the year went by without much happening, except for the mopping up of the last dissidents of the regime. In 1939, von Neurath and von Papen increased their efforts to have Danzig and the Polish Corridor returned to Germany. Poland categorically refused. Germany even offered the Western Allies to renounce it's claims on Alsace-Lorraine and on it's colonies and to guarantee it's western borders should they force Poland to accept. While the Allies where interested, they refused to force Poland into an agreement agaisn't its will. Tension rose even more when riots broke out in Danzig and they were severely repressed by Polish troops. Meanwhile, in May 1939, the former Kaiser Wilhelm II went to Memel aboard the Battleship
Deutschland. He disembarked in the town harbor and declared that the people of Memel were not Lithunian, but in fact rightfully German. At this declaration, the crowd that had come to greet him became hysterical. Kaiser Wilhelm III upon hearing about his father's escapade, and seeing that the people of Memel wanted to be annexed into the Reich, ordered the army to occupy the city. Lithuania publicly declared that it would not resist Germany's attempt to annex Memel, by fear of being attacked by it. Later that month, von Papen demanded the return of Germany's colonies, a claim which was dully ignored by the Allies. Meanwhile, in Prussia, Wilhelm II, emboldened by his success at Memel and unhappy at his son's “weakness” by not going to war with Poland over Danzig, went there himself on July 5th 1939. He declared to the eager crowd that Danzig was indeed German. The Poles, fearing a German take-over of Danzig, moved in. In the sporadic fighting in the city between Wilhelm's personal guard and Polish troops, the former Kaiser was struck by a bullet to the chest. He would later die from his wounds on Febuary 7th 1940. In response to the Polish take over of Danzig, von Bock ordered the general mobilisation of the army and declared war on Poland.
von Bock's unimaginative invasion of Poland
Even though they had planned for a war with Poland since 1935, Wilhelm II's escapade to Danzig had took the German High Command by complete surprise and destroyed the plan's careful preparations. Caught off guard, the invasion plan was un-imaginative and it's sole goal was to attempt and engage the Polish Army in such a way as to delay it's own mobilisation or war preparation awaiting reinforcements. The Imperial Army advanced rather quickly and punched through the lines much faster than High Command had previously anticipated. It seemed the Polish Army was even less prepared, with many of it's divisions using incredibly outdated equipment.
7 days into the fighting
By July 21st 1939, German forces were on the verge of capturing Warsaw. The city put up a stubborn defense, forcing the Germans out into the open and inflicting severe casualties. As the battle of Warsaw came to a close, the German Imperial Army had suffered more than 13 000 casualties, including 4 500 dead. When Warsaw fell on July 24th 1939, London stepped in to mediate an end to the conflict. Meanwhile, the Russians invaded eastern Poland 5 days before the fall of Warsaw and were able to regain a lot of territory. Chamberlain set the peace confenrence for the 26th and mediated the rather one sided peace negociations between Germany and Poland. Poland was forced cede all of it's formerly German territories to the Reich. Battered and weakened, Poland was permanantly placed under German domination. In November 1939, the Austrian people demanded an Anschluss. So widespread where these demands that the Chancellor of Austria was forced to set a refendum for the 11th of November. The referendum cemented Germany's claim that Austrians wanted to joined the Reich, as 89% of the population voted in favor of the Anschluss. On November 13th 1939, Austria was officially annexed into the German Reich. Demanding a similar treatement, the Sudeten Germans also demanded to rejoin the Reich. Czech repressions were brutal and on January 25th 1940, tension rose so high that a German border post was attacked by overly zealous Czech nationalists. This incident almost triggered war between the two nations, but once again London stepped in and set a peace conference for the 7th of March. During the Munich Confenrence, von Neurath, von Papen and the Kaiser were able to convince Chamberlain that it was in the best interests of Europe that he force Czechoslovakia to cede the Sudeten lands to the Reich. Their ploy worked, and the Sudetens annexed. Demanding their own nation, the slovakians rebelled and turmoil engulfed the small country. Under the pretext of preserving the peace and to “protect the slovakian people” German and Hungarian forces partitioned Czechoslovakia. This caused a great deal of outrage in both London and Paris. Tensions mounted. By March 1941, war seemed inevitable. On June 23rd 1941, the Kaiser ordered the first phase of Fall Blau to commence. The invasion of Holland had begun.
The first phase of Fall Blau
The German Army struck hard an fast, achieving total surprise. On June 24th, Arnhem and Aachen fell. By the 28th, German forces entered Amsterdam. On the 1st of July, the Dutch Army capitulated after only 9 days of war. Protest from London and Paris were surprising light. When the Imperial Army crossed the border into Belgium 5 days later, the Kaiser expected to face the Allies on the battlefield. Instead, there was no word from either London or Paris. Were they scared ?
The Invasion of Belgium