((incoming wall of doom text))
The Haraxan Empire at its height (274 AT (Aparaxi Theroni, or birth of Theron)) shortly after the death of Xraalani Titran II Artaxian. Harpaxan Civilisation and Pseudo-Harpaxan societies span somewhat farther (the latter typically were tribal societies that interacted heavily with the Haraxan Empire; most of these societies embraced portions Harpaxan language and religion).
Harpaxan Civilisation 0ST-1000ST:
Harpaxan Civilisation developed on the Haraxi Peninsula during the Stone Age. The earliest ruins of a Harpaxan town (commonly called Larnixi) discovered by archaeologists has been dated to 400 years before the dawn of the Bronze Age. This early society developed mostly along the eastern coast of the Peninsula, and fought or traded with various other societies to achieve dominance over the region by 200 ST.
Harpaxan Civilisation entering into the early Bronze Age was largely unspectacular; agricultural projects were easily undertaken due to the richness of the expansive flatlands on the Haraxi Peninsula. The resulting surpluses greatly promoted the founding of towns across the land, which in turn led to the creation of strong trade routes, writing, and other such niceties found in civilised society. It was also during this early period that the Harpaxan Pantheon became more developed.
The Haraxan Empire, established in 524 ST, was at one point, the largest empire in existence (though some historians dispute to what degree the ruling Haraxi Dynasty actually controlled the lands outside the Peninsula; they argue that the Empire merely controlled the upper Peninsula and the surrounding lands were tributary states that gradually adopted Harpaxan culture. Some believe a primitive version of the feudal system may well have been in place). Despite having a technologically inferior army compared to other civilisations (largely due to the general lack of large copper veins on the Haraxi Peninsula), it used superior tactics and political intrigue to expand its borders and create hegemony over a large swath of the western world for over three centuries.
During the reigns of Parnarix II and Titran II, the Haraxan Empire reached its pinnacle; under the former, trade routes expanded drastically, as did the colonial reach of the Empire; the settlement of the lands west of the Marit Parnari (Parnari's River, also known as the Azeratii River), would become a source of contention with the Azeratii (known as Mariti Potraxi or "River People") towards the end of Parnarix's reign; the Azeratii's superior weaponry quickly pushed back Haraxan forces, and it was only due to the strong walls of Loranxi that the Empire wasn't forced entirely off the island. Under Titran, who was personally leading the Haraxan forces, the Empire was able to fight the Azeratii to a stalemate, resulting in a treaty recognising the northern portion of the island as Haraxan, and the southern portion as Azeratii; with peace between the two in place, trade quickly flourished, as the Azeratii were in awe of the treasure-trove of Haraxan goods shipped from the far-flung borders of their Empire, and the Haraxans were in turn were in dire need of a source of bronze. With these more advanced weapons, the Empire’s military reached its peak, as most neighbouring tribals were subjugated and coerced to pay tribute to the Empire.
When Titran II was slain in battle fighting the Jukarix Batarizi, the Empire began its steady decline. The reign of his son, Marindis II, began well enough, but following the death of his son and would be heir, he became increasingly unhinged and wasted huge amounts of resources and time on building projects (such as the Temple of Haraxis Kanari in Theron). His younger son is now regarded as possibly the worst ruler in the Empire’s history, due to his extreme paranoia, his ruthlessness, and his overall incompetence (his constant fear of the nobility rising up against him paralyzed into inaction as barbarians continued to make headway into the Empire, and his attempted purge of those nobles began a bloody civil war that further destabilised his family’s hold on power). His son, known as Titran Artrexic (the Cursed) ascended to the throne of an empire in decline, and simply did not have the fortitude or the willpower to change course; when the Great Plague struck in 883 ST, his family, like most of the Empire’s population, perished (historians believe that up two-fifths of the Haraxan Empire’s population died during the plague). He himself succumbed to the disease the following year, leading to the Age of Fear, an extended period of chaos and disorder lasting from 884 ST to roughly 975 ST.
In the wake of the Empire’s collapse, large swaths of Haraxan lands were lost to foreign invaders (such as the Azeratii raiding most of the lands outside of the heavily fortified city Loranxi) or to ambitious city leaders, and the trade networks established by Parnarix II (which are not thought to be responsible for the Great Plague) were quickly abandoned. The massive economic contraction led to an upswing of banditry and the rise of warbands, which in turn led to the establishment of the first confederacies to help create some semblance of stability. It was from these confederacies, and the numerous city states that survived the Age of Fear, that the Harpaxan trade empires of the Iron Age were born.
Miscellaneous:
A key area of contention about Harpaxan Civilisation is when a written language was established; some scholars believe that some written form of Harpaxi was developed as early as 400 ST, when Harpaxan society seemed to have an explosion of cultural growth (the Pantheon became far more complex, as did the rituals associated with each deity; furthermore, some argue that early Harpaxan philosophy was developed at this time); however, some argue that a written language was still another four-hundred years off, roughly the same time the Thelasean civilisation was developing theirs. This theory is disputed, though, due to the sheer size and complexity of Harpaxan culture. Presently, the oldest document written in ancient Harpaxi is from roughly 950 ST; proponents of an older written language argue that most documents written prior to that date have either not been discovered yet or were destroyed over the course of several millennia; they further question how Parnarix II could have developed an expansive, if rudimentary, trade empire if his people did not have a written language. As of this writing, most linguists and historians opt for a more moderate approach, saying that the Harpaxi written language was developed around 700 ST and that anything prior to that was merely a form of proto-writing.
Another area of contention amongst historians is the nature of the Haraxan Empire, specifically over whether or not it was even an “empire.” Most historians now consider a primitive feudal system a viable position; however, a growing minority believe that the Haraxan Empire was actually more of a primitive republic, with each largely autonomous city state having a representative and the city of Theron being held as the capital and most important city. This theory is further validated by the ease of which a trading society built around confederacies and city states developed following the decline of the Haraxi Dynasty. Another key tenet of this view would be the existence of the Xraali Korani (the Esteemed Council, which was long viewed as an institution that advised the Xraalani) as actually being a senate that may have even elected the Xraalani. They further ague that it became more centralised under Titran II, which led to the decline of the Empire, since such a primitive society wold not have the infrastructure in place to run such an expansive area, and under his far less competent heirs, the Empire faltered.
An artist's rendering of what late-Bronze Age/early Iron-Age Theron looked like; somewhat inaccurate, due to the absence of Marix Theraxi (Thera's Lake) in the background.
Timeline:
1 ST: It is accepted that agriculture was widespread amongst the Harpaxan people by this point, and that city building had also become more common.
200 ST: Harpaxan Civilisation expands to control all of the lower Haraxi Peninsula.
400 ST: The first traces of copper tools and items appear from this time; unlike the Jean culture, due to the scarcity of copper on the generally flat Haraxi Peninsula, Harpaxan metallurgy remained rudimentary and backwards compared to other civilisations. Some argue it is around this time that a written language was developed.
524 ST: Haraxis Karani (the Founder), the namesake of the Haraxan Empire, is born
561 ST: Haraxis Karani marries Thera, daughter of a powerful tribal leader on the edge of the Haraxi Peninsula; the marriage provides Haraxis with the wealth and leverage to bring many of the Harpaxan tribes under his control.
563 ST/ 1 AT: Haraxis Karani founds the city of Theron (and with it, the base of the Haraxan Empire).
591 ST/ 28 AT: Haraxis Karani dies, succeeded by his son Parnarix Manisa (the Old)
640 ST/ 67 AT: Parnarix establishes hegemony over the Haraxi Peninsula
655 ST/ 92 AT: Parnarix dies and is succeeded by his grandson, Haraxis II Kharix (the Conqueror)
670 ST/ 107 AT: Haraxis II completes his conquest of the “Great Crescent” (named due to its shape)
675 ST/ 112 AT: Haraxis II reaches Mariza Paranixi (Lake Paranix) and declared himself Lord of the West.
688 ST/ 126 AT: Haraxis II slain in battle subjugating tribals living on the islands in Marizi Teraxisa (the Bay of Teraxis); his son, Titran Patrixian (the Wise) takes to the throne.
700 ST/ 138 AT: This is the accepted date for when the written Harpaxi language was developed.
727 ST/ 165 AT: Titran Patrixian dies; his son Hanarix Artraxian (the Great) ascends to the throne.
735 ST/ 173 AT: Hanarix puts down a revolt in the Bay of Taraxis and builds several forts and towns to ensure Haraxan control.
754 ST/ 192 AT: Hanarix dies; his son Marindis Polexic (the Cruel) takes to the throne.
779ST/ 217 AT: Marindis dies, and his son Parnarix II Laraxi (the Merchant) becomes King.
790 ST/ 238 AT: Due to Parnarix’s encouragement of trade, the Haraxan Empire reaches its economic peak. Seafaring becomes increasingly common and leads to the colonisation of the sourthern islands and the first expeditions northwards.
795 ST/ 242 AT: The Haraxan Empire reaches its easternmost point, Marit Parnari (Parnarix’s River); Theron is believed to have reached a population upwards of 100,000, making one of the largest cities at the time.
801 ST/ 239 AT: Parnarix II dies; his son Titran II Artaxian takes the throne.
815 ST/ 263 AT: Titran defeats the northern tribals (usually called Jukarix Batarizi (the Jungle Monsters)), thereby ensuring Haraxan colonies are protected for the next generation.
836 ST/ 274 AT: Death of Titran II Artaxian; his son, Marindis II takes to the throne. The Haraxan Empire is at its territorial height.
840 ST/ 278 AT: Panarix, heir to the Haraxan Empire, is slain fighting a resurgent Jukarix Batari; Marindis II becomes a recluse. He also begins to siphon resources away from the governance and protection of the realm in order to fund the construction of massive monuments.
855 ST/ 293 AT: With fewer resources given to administration and the military, the Haraxan Empire loses most of its southern possessions. The Temple of Haraxis Karani (possibly the most intact archaeological site from the Bronze Age discovered) is completed.
859 ST/ 297 AT: Marindis II dies; his oldest surviving son, Ranarix Etrolic (the Mad) takes the throne.
870 ST/ 309 AT: Ranarix, fearing that the nobility is conspiring against him, begins to purge them from power. It soon degenerates into civil war.
876 ST/ 314 AT: Ranarix is captured and executed; his nephew Titran III Artrexic (the Cursed)
883 ST/ 321 AT: The Great Plague strikes; almost half of the Harpaxan population wiped out.
884 ST/ 322 AT: Titran III dies of the Plague, as had the rest of his family). The Harpaxan Civilisation descends into what was called the Age of Fear. Tribals and other civilisations make inroads into Haraxan territory (though most adopt large portions of Harpaxan culture). Theron and other cities depopulate drastically (Theron’s population pre-Plague was believed to have been roughly 110,000; following the Plague, a paltry 30,000) as people rush to the farmlands for food.
900 ST/ 338 AT: The first confederacies appear, bringing some modicum of order back to Haraxi and the surrounding areas. By this time, all historians agree the Harpaxan written language was developed.
1000 ST/ 438 AT: It was at this point that the confederacy/city state system seemed firmly entrenched, with several of the latter slowly becoming petty kingdoms, and former rudimentary republics.
Chief Gods of the Harpaxan Pantheon:
Harpaxos Karani/Patixi Artaxian (the Great Founder/Father): the Father of the World and all the gods and chief god in the Harpaxan Pantheon; the patron of leaders, the Harpaxan people, and the defender of the Haraxi Peninsula.
Larixi Matixi Artaxian (the Great Mother): the sister and wife of Harpaxos and the Mother of the World and all the gods; the patron of mothers, midwives, and children.
Moratran Shirantriani (the Masked One): the God of Death, brother of Harpaxos; the patron of the Cult of the Blind One (a religious sect that handled funerary rituals and ensured the maintenance and protection of tombs; their name originates from their wearing a white cover with painted eyes over their face whilst preparing a body for the afterlife; is should also be noted that the Blind Ones of the Bronze and Iron Ages sharpened their teeth as a way to intimidate dark spirits, and the souls of fallen foes on battlefields, away), and defender of graves.
Marindixu Marintizi (the Wave Rider): Oldest son of Harpaxos and God of the Sea, husband of Molixa; patron of seafarers. When Harpaxan River civilisation began to develop as a distinct society in its own right, he became their chief deity.
Pekunaax Patixamal/Laronhi (the Old Father/ the Storm Bringer): The father of Harpaxos, Matixi, Moratran, and Samedix (amongst others), the Master of Thunder and the Skies; at one time the Master of the Universe, his throne was usurped by Harpaxos and his powers diminished greatly. It was believed that rain was born from him weeping over his loss of power, and that storms are from his raging. Despite his ferocity, he is the patron of both abandoned fathers and farmers.
Samedix Ixcuina (of Two Faces): the God of Lies and Deceit, son of Tiamaziz and twin brother of Tianoz; patron of liars and criminals. He is the rival of Marandixu and despises Sheshatix.
Tianoz Etrolicani (the Mad One): the God of Madness, son of Tiamaziz and twin brother of Samedix; considered by some to be the “patron” of the mad and forgetful.
Zazinoxi Ladaniiza (the Wildfire): the God of Chaos, and youngest son of Tiamaziz, lover of Molixa, and father of Uatiziz; he is the patron of nature, the protector the wild things, and the Master of Emotions; like his older brother Samedix, he despises Sheshatix.
Sheshatix Ganesi/Xranaali (the Wise/the Dreamer): the God of Wisdom, the Mind, and Writing (some also include storytelling and/or truth); only god in the Pantheon not related to Harpaxos; patron of scholars, writers, philosophers, and artists.
Tiamaziz Plaadroni (the Dragon): The sister and wife of Pekunaax, and the Goddess of Destruction; mother of Samedix and Tianoz; the Mistress of the Lost Souls, those who were slain in battle and whose bodies were not sanctified by the Blind Ones.
Molixa Hanarixani (the Free One): Youngest daughter of Harpaxos, sister and (estranged) wife of Marandixu ,and Goddess of Freedom and Rebellion; she angered her father by first marrying Samedix (which he had expressly forbade her from doing so
Uatiziz Lazanitix (the World Eater): the child of Samedix’s and Molixa’s union, born with the might of Harpaxos, the ruthlessness of Tiamaziz… and the hunger of Aniizataxi; he was, however, born in an egg that has yet to hatch; it is believed that once he breaks free, he will devour the entire universe, as well as all the gods. Harpaxos, fearing this, crafted the Earth to keep the egg forever in stasis. Because of this, a stigma exists on miners and mining in general, due to an incessant fear that a careless miner could possibly unleash the World Eater upon humanity.
Aniizataxi Ralnazilna (the Sleeping God): The Creator of the Universe, father of Pekunaax, grandfather of Harpaxos; he is also occasionally referred to as “Porazilna” (the Hungering God) due to him creating the universe and his multitude of divine children simply so he could devour them all. He was struck down by Pekunaax and thrown into the Sun, where he now sleeps at its core.
As is plain to see, Harpaxan Civilisation had a highly developed polytheistic religion, with a host of emotional and highly volatile deities, a clear lineage for the majority of the gods and goddesses, and specified roles for each one; the greatest anomaly amongst them Sheshatix, who is neither related to Harpaxos, nor ever displayed as emotional. This uniqueness was what led to a religion based on Sheshatix distinct from the traditional Harpaxan Pantheon; though it never became a common faith, the Cult of Genasiazi would become one of the most enduring secret societies.
Harpaxan civilisation had no real concept of heaven or hell; however, its afterlife was largely that, if you honoured the gods, defended your home, and lived an upright life (depending on which deity you followed), your soul would be in turn honoured by the gods, and you be sent to live on the star of your deity (stars were believed to be the homes of the gods); however, if you were dishonourable, dishonest, and worst of all, cowardly, your soul would be devoured by Tiamaziz, or be forever forced to hide from her. Some philosophers and historians posit that the belief in a "good" or pleasurable afterlife was an Iron Age addition, largely influenced by religions practiced by other nearby civilisations; due to the woeful lack of Bronze Age writings on the matter of the afterlife, it remains purely conjecture.
Rulers of the Haraxan Empire 1 AT-322 AT (563 ST-884 ST):
(Harpaxan rulers are called Xraalani or “esteemed one” (many Pseudo-Harpaxan societies use the corrupted Kraalani or simply Kraal))
Haraxis Karani (the Founder) x (524 ST)-28 AT (591 ST)
Parnarix Manisa (the Old) 28 AT-92 AT
Haraxis II Kharix (the Conqueror) 92 AT-126 AT
Titran Ganesi (the Wise) 126 AT-165 AT
Hanarix Artaxian (the Great) 165 AT-192 AT
Marindis Polexic (the Cruel) 192 AT-217 AT
Parnarix II Laraxi (the Merchant) 217 AT-239 AT
Titran II Artaxian (the Great) 239 AT-274 AT
Marindis II Kanaxin (the Builder) 274 AT-297 AT
Ranarix Etrolic (the Mad) 297AT-314 AT
Titran III Artrexic (the Cursed) 314 AT-322 AT