Poland has a great potential, but faces unique challenges in early game
+ best military ideas in game
+ free PU on Lithuania
+ multiple paths of expansion
+ with vassals and PU largest army in Europe
- low manpower and not rich enough to spam mercs early game
- surrounded by enemies, who tend to ally eachother
- no military tradition compared to potential enemies (Hungary, Austria, Muscovy, Teutonic Order)
- poor starting general
- ideas are great, but the kick in pretty late, so if you fail to expand early game, they will not help you
- bulk of your forces are AI-dependent
- poor economy
- super annoying Elective Monarchy events - a choice between tech cost malus and stability hit
I haven't played Poland for quite some time so I decided to check it out after reading this thread and I've got some pointers:
- TO allying Hungary is not a threat, but an opportunity: otherwise, you'd have no way to take clay from Hungary without involving Austria, who tend to ally Hungary in 90% of the games.
- TO allying Denmark is not an issue, because TO also allies Livonian Order - just have Lithuania fabricate claim on LO and declare on them. In my game, Lithuania for some reason failed to fabricate claims on anyone - so I had to no-CB LO. Occupy TO, take just Tuchel and Danzig from them and have them break alliance with Denmark (but not Hungary). You don't need to take more, you can save them for later. Take Tuchel and Danzig just to make sure Pomerania doesn't take it, and have them annul alliance with Denmark
- Declare on TO with Hungary as an ally - occupy Hungary and take just the two provinces bordering Bohemia and save the rest for later.
- declare on Muscovy and take just the two provinces - Moskva and the other one - that way you can save Muscovy for later, but you make sure Russia will not form - you can easily win war with Muscovy, just wait for them to attack Novogrod/Great Horde/Kazan - and strike when their manpower is low and war exhaustion is high. They wage a lot of wars around them, so just rinse and repeat.
- take everything from LO to dominate Baltic Sea trade node
- support Sweden's independence
By 1500:
- TO is broken and ripe for the taking
- Hungary's border with Bohemia is secured, I'm free to take Hungarian land whenever I feel like it
- Muscovy is broken and ripe for the taking
- Kalmar Union is broken
- taken entire LO and Novogrodian coast provinces
Poland is not a powerhouse like France, England, Austria or Castille, but it faces unique opportunities. You don't need to annihilate your enemies right away - just break them so they don't get ahead of you.