"What shall I say of the Great Peak? --
The ancient dukedoms are everywhere green,
Inspired and stirred by the breath of creation,
With the Twin Forces balancing day and night.
...I bare my breast toward opening clouds,
I strain my sight after birds flying home.
When shall I reach the top and hold
All mountains in a single glance?"
~ Du Fu, A View of Taishan
The rows upon rows of spears, with red hairs gleamed in the proud afternoon sun amidst the golden-yellow banners of the Imperial throne. Rows upon rows of warriors stood tall and strong, watching forth silently. Behind them the crowds of jovial people shot off fireworks and lit lanterns, drinking
Bai Jiu white alcohol and rice wine - celebrating the great Golden Dragon time, and with it the power and prestige of their Emperor the Lord of Ten Thousand Years.
And sitting upon his grand throne as his massive Imperial entourage made it's way out of the North Capital, or,
Bei Jing amidst the cheers of the throngs and masses of peoples. Staring forth, the Daoguang Emperor silently ignored the disapproval of his sisters in law and surviving mothers in law whom followed behind, wishing always to remain in the secluded and isolated Forbidden City. Yet that was a place he was coming to despise, in his older years - it was no wonder one of his predecessors, the Qianlong Emperor 乾隆 spent so much of his time on tour. Even as he aged, the Daoguang Emperor knew it was better to be away from that place that made monsters of men...
He also wished not to see his son, nor his second wife, nor anyone. He knew his brother Yi Xin 奕忻 was plotting something... his bodyguards and spies knew well that he was knee deep in some kind of suspicious activity. He hardly trusted his own ministers - and for practical affairs, they were becoming less and less reliable.
Yet still, the Middle Kingdom was prospering more than she had in years, despite her corruption and problems. And of course, the Daoguang Emperor had to think of the armies... already they had been so reformed, yet were so rooted in tradition. It would be a difficult challenge that he feared he might not be able to meet.
The early Qing military was rooted in the Manchu traditions and rites of war - the ancient banners which were first developed by that divine Son of the Heavens, the Great Nurhachi. In his wisdom and strategy, the Daoguang Emperor recalled as he looked upon his soldiers, silently passing them, his divine and ancient ancestor created the banner system in the Manchurian armies as a way to organize the feudal and old Jurchen society beyond petty clan affiliations and conflicts. In the end there were eight banners created in all to seperate the clans in the array of battle, differentiated by those colours that represented those great warrior's will and spirit.
The banners in their order of precedence were yellow, bordered yellow - a yellow banner with red border design, white banner, red banner, bordered white banner, bordered red banner, blue banner, and bordered blue banner. The yellow, bordered yellow, and white banners were collectively the most well armed, and highly trained martial artists - known as the 'Upper Three Banners' 上三旗. The greatest warriors and defenders in all the Empire, they were solely under the direct command of the Emperor and none else. These men were ritualistically zealously loyal to the reigning Lord of Ten Thousand Years, and it was not doubted each and every one of these men would give their lives for the Emperor. Of course, only Manchus belonging to the Upper Three Banners, and selected Han Chinese who had passed the highest level of martial exams were qualified to serve as the Emperor's personal bodyguards.... these men were always around the Daoguang Emperor, disguised as guards, courtiers, and hidden behind curtains and court banners... ready to pounce at any moment and violently - perhaps with an even cold efficency - cut down anyone whom would intend to harm the Emperor.
The remaining Banners were known as "The Lower Five Banners" 下五旗 and were commanded by hereditary Manchurian princes descended from Nurhachi's immediate family, known informally as the "Iron Cap Princes" 鐵帽子王. Together they formed the ruling council of the Manchu nation as well as high command of the whole of the grand army. The Daoguang Emperor knew his history well - over a hundred years ago, the Emperor Yongzheng established the Grand Council called Jūnjīchù 軍機處 at first to direct day to day military operations. Yet the administration of the whole of the Middle Kingdom had become a grand duty, and gradually the great Junjichu Council took over other military and administrative duties and served to centralize authority unto the Imperial Throne and Crown. However, the Iron Cap Princes continued to exercise considerable influence over the political and military affairs of the Qing government well into the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, and even into the reign of his own time.
As the old Qing power expanded north of the Great Wall in the last years of the Ming Dynasty, the Banner system was expanded by Nurhachi's son and successor Hung Taiji to include mirrored Mongolian and Han Banners. After capturing Beijing in 1644 the Manchus rapidly gained control of large tracts of former Ming territory and slowely assumed what the Daoguang Emperor as his predecessors had truly believed, the changing of the Heavenly Mandate. The relatively small Banner armies were further augmented by the Green Standard Army 綠營兵 which eventually outnumbered Banner troops three to one. The Green Standard Army so-named after the colour of their battle standards was made up of those Ming troops who had surrendered to the Qing including the ancient and old traitor general. They maintained their Ming-styled organization and were led by a mix of Banner and Green Standard officers, and each swore loyalty to the Manchu Emperor and the new Empire of that glorious time. The Banners and Green Standard troops were standing armies, paid for by central government. In addition, regional governors from provincial down to village level maintained their own irregular local militias for police duties and disaster relief. These militias were usually granted small annual stipends from regional coffers for part-time service obligations. They received very limited military drill if at all and were not considered combat troops.
The north east provinces
Indeed truly the provinces of the east over the last few years were recovering from the brutal wars with the foreign British devils and pirates. For cities which had once been battered and broken by cannonfire were now being rebuilt. Muskets captured from the British were being studied, and attempted to be reproduced - though with little success so far, there were other ways to do such things. The Daoguang Emperor knew it was an inevitable amount of time before the armies of the Middle Kingdom were as ready as any army of the world to fight campaigns and wars - even if not in his forseeable lifetime, he would set this great movement into motion as his great and divine ancestor Nurhachi had. Yet first he would have to repair his empire, and so starting with the economically prestigious eastern provinces. Markets and forts were to be built, and basic liquor and wine factories. The Ministers of Trade were given the orders to stock up on the vital parts of tools and machineries that would be required in these factories, to ensure a greater amount of production.
And of course things were not at all quiet in the rural lands. Farming production was at an all time high - and while matters of corruption limited the wealth coming into the capital, as the Emperor slowly disbanded many of the armies conscripted for the recent wars against the British and into Xizang - Tibet - to send those men back home, to the farmlands and to work their crops.
As the Emperor made his way along the southern roads, far along the horizon he could only see a never ending parallel set of yellow-clad soldiers, walking in slow union, no, marching. Cavaliers and horsemen accompanied his great carriage train, their capes flowing in the afternoon wind as they passed down the grand roads. Aside them as the hours passed, they saw the fields were peasants worked, stopping to kowtow to their liege as he passed - muddying their legs without care and wetting their clothes, but amazed at even a glimpse of the Lord of Ten Thousand Years.
Production of crops and other building endeavours were not only on an expensive high in the eastern provinces. The land of Sichuan had come under the close attention of the Imperial court during more recent years, that land being possible to exploit for it's great amounts of lumbers and timbers.
And in that the south west land some of the greatest amounts of food and exquisite fabrics were produced. The people there were populous and expanding, and that land was known for it's fruits and unique and delicious produce. Truly, the Daoguang Emperor strategised that with concentration and strategic planning, as well as those individuals willing to take their merit the distance in the Imperial court and with initiative portend to endeavour their own economic enterprises - which if apt and well planned enough, the Emperor would indeed approve.
And of course there was those lands under the Viceroy of Hubei and Hunan, the powerful Lin Ze Xu whom himself was under great Imperial favour at the moment. He was the man whom the Emperor depended upon the deal with the European and foreign devils whom so demanded the attentions of all the Mandarins of the courts of the north which truly ruled the Middle Kingdom. Of course the Viceroy Lin Ze Xu's realms of practical governance in Hubei & Hunan were themselves prospering beyond measure as of late.
The Emperor knew well that these lands were as important as any in the Empire. And of course, as the costs of the grand armies were lowered as well as the taxes upon the nobility raised, it seemed that there was some semblance of a slow, but indeed noticeable economic repair to the enormous debt the Imperial Government had acquired. But to the Daoguang Emperor, maintaining the prestige of the One True Empire under Heaven and defeating the foreign devils was the only priority. And he had done it.
Again he remembered as he looked at those simple country folk working and toiling that he could not further burden them with taxes. He would have to charge those corrupt middle and higher nobles whom were becoming the ulcer which if not remedied, would destroy the Heavenly Dragon upon the Earth from the inside.
... But he was growing old, and though the Empire was beginning to prosper again, the Daoguang Emperor wondered whom his heir might be. A question perhaps every single one of those women and family noblesses riding behind him in this great and royal Imperial entourage,
the sly snakes he knew them to be, had on their mind constantly. He knew well his cunning brother Mian Yu had a desire for the Heavenly Mandate, and he could not forget the less than subtle Yi Xin. And what of his son Yi Zhu...?
No, never....
Trying to forget the fact he was even his own seed and son, the Emperor looked out into the countryside again. The question of heirs was one he was not ready for - and he knew if he was not ready, then truly, neither were the Heavens to choose.