Emergency Martial Law: Yes
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Yes
[LDP]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Yes
[LDP]
-
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It is my solemn and heart-wrenching duty to announce that His Eminence, the Cardinal-Archbishop of Mechlin and Primate of Belgium, Jean-Luc Deschamps, has passed away at the age of eighty-two. Let us all, regardless of our faith, remember him for his contribution to the Kingdom of Belgium and his dedication to its people.
Louis Abel
Secretary for the Archbishopric of Mechlin
Louis Abel
Secretary for the Archbishopric of Mechlin
Rest in peace, Cardinal-Archbishop.
Also, thank you, General Thaddee, for your service to the Belgian people.
-Amedee Dupointe
Also, thank you, General Thaddee, for your service to the Belgian people.
-Amedee Dupointe
((Just to update on the government situation, I apologise that the of formation has taken so long. Some errors in communications delayed proceedings for a while, but I'm confident the cabinet will be announced soon.))
((Yeah, it's all but confirmed... again. Apparently, DB for some reason wasn't included in LDP negotiations.))
Emergency Martial Law: Nay
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Nay
[BNF]
~ Francois Leandres, Fascist Deputy for Namur
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Nay
[BNF]
~ Francois Leandres, Fascist Deputy for Namur
Emergency Martial Law: No
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Abstain
[BNF]
- Bernard Anselme
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Abstain
[BNF]
- Bernard Anselme
Speaking to a frenzied group of union officials and communist workers in a railway station...
Pierre Pilon is too dangerous to be given a trial!
What do you think will happen, if we put him in front of a jury? Eh?
I'll tell you what: His People's Army will give death threats to the families of the jury! That's what! If not the PA, then those reactionary Walloons.
Do you think Pilon will condemned?!
We all know he's guilty, and yet, in a court, he would walk free!
The man to fix this dilemma is the Chief of Staff: Lucien van Buskirk. I call upon him to just finish the job, and have the traitor Pilon shot already! Be done with it!
Do it on "French" soil if it's illegal here.
~Dorian Alain-Marie de Cambille
Pierre Pilon is too dangerous to be given a trial!
What do you think will happen, if we put him in front of a jury? Eh?
I'll tell you what: His People's Army will give death threats to the families of the jury! That's what! If not the PA, then those reactionary Walloons.
Do you think Pilon will condemned?!
We all know he's guilty, and yet, in a court, he would walk free!
The man to fix this dilemma is the Chief of Staff: Lucien van Buskirk. I call upon him to just finish the job, and have the traitor Pilon shot already! Be done with it!
Do it on "French" soil if it's illegal here.
~Dorian Alain-Marie de Cambille
.png){kind=avatar}
((Do we have juries? Would they even be used in such trials? I assumed we'd be following a civil law system))
Emergency Martial Law: Yes
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Yes
[NDP]
I am saddened to hear of General Thaddee's retirement, and can do little but thank him for his service. He was always a most honorable and intelligent gentleman, never with anything more than the best interests of Belgium at heart. He was perhaps our nation's greatest patriot, but also a visionary and reformer, and, perhaps most importantly, a friend to us all. May he find as much happiness and satisfaction in his retirement as he did serving Belgium.
--
Ladies and gentlemen,
After the horrors of the previous war, the great nations of the world have a responsibility to band together to prevent another Great War. We must create a place where the nations of the world can come together and resolve conflicts through diplomacy, not war. We have a responsibility to our fellow man to allow them to live in peace and prosperity. There is only one way in which we can do this: through the League of Nations.
The governments of the Northern Allies have been preparing the League's charter over the previous months, and I have been honored to work with my British, German, and Italian counterparts in writing it. Together, we shall create a brave new world, one free from the terrors of war and one in which all men can stand as brothers. The League is our best hope for peace in our time, and we must stand firmly behind it.
I present the Charter to the Parliament for ratification. I ask for your support. In the name of peace and sensibility, we must put our differences aside and make it a reality.
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Yes
[NDP]
I am saddened to hear of General Thaddee's retirement, and can do little but thank him for his service. He was always a most honorable and intelligent gentleman, never with anything more than the best interests of Belgium at heart. He was perhaps our nation's greatest patriot, but also a visionary and reformer, and, perhaps most importantly, a friend to us all. May he find as much happiness and satisfaction in his retirement as he did serving Belgium.
--
Ladies and gentlemen,
After the horrors of the previous war, the great nations of the world have a responsibility to band together to prevent another Great War. We must create a place where the nations of the world can come together and resolve conflicts through diplomacy, not war. We have a responsibility to our fellow man to allow them to live in peace and prosperity. There is only one way in which we can do this: through the League of Nations.
The governments of the Northern Allies have been preparing the League's charter over the previous months, and I have been honored to work with my British, German, and Italian counterparts in writing it. Together, we shall create a brave new world, one free from the terrors of war and one in which all men can stand as brothers. The League is our best hope for peace in our time, and we must stand firmly behind it.
I present the Charter to the Parliament for ratification. I ask for your support. In the name of peace and sensibility, we must put our differences aside and make it a reality.
CHARTER of the LEAUGE OF NATIONS.
THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES,
In order to promote international co-operation and to achieve international peace and security
by the acceptance of obligations not to resort to war,
by the prescription of open, just and honourable relations between nations,
by the firm establishment of the understandings of international law as the actual rule of conduct among Governments, and
by the maintenance of justice and a scrupulous respect for all treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another,
Agree to this Covenant of the League of Nations.
ARTICLE 1.
The original Members of the League of Nations shall be those of the Signatories which are named in the Annex to this Covenant and also such of those other States named in the Annex as shall accede without reservation to this Covenant. Such accession shall be effected by a Declaration deposited with the Secretariat within two months of the coming into force of the Covenant. Notice thereof shall be sent to all other Members of the League.
Any fully self-governing State, Dominion or Colony not named in the Annex may become a Member of the League if its admission is agreed to by two-thirds of the Assembly, provided that it shall give effective guarantees of its sincere intention to observe its international obligations, and shall accept such regulations as may be prescribed by the League in regard to its military, naval and air forces and armaments.
Any Member of the League may, after two years' notice of its intention so to do, withdraw from the League, provided that all its international obligations and all its obligations under this Covenant shall have been fulfilled at the time of its withdrawal.
ARTICLE 2.
The action of the League under this Covenant shall be effected through the instrumentality of an Assembly and of a Council, with a permanent Secretariat.
ARTICLE 3.
The Assembly shall consist of Representatives of the Members of the League.
The Assembly shall meet at stated intervals and from time to time as occasion may require at the Seat of the League or at such other place as may be decided upon.
The Assembly may deal at its meetings with any matter within the sphere of action of the League or affecting the peace of the world. At meetings of the Assembly each Member of the League shall have one vote, and may have not more than three Representatives.
ARTICLE 4.
The Council shall consist of Representatives of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers, being the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the German Empire, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Italy and the United States of America, together with Representatives of four other Members of the League. These four Members of the League shall be selected by the Assembly from time to time in its discretion. Until the appointment of the Representatives of the four Members of the League first selected by the Assembly, Representatives of Czechoslovakia, Japan, Mexico and Turkey shall be members of the Council.
With the approval of the majority of the Assembly, the Council may name additional Members of the League whose Representatives shall always be members of the Council; the Council, with like approval may increase the number of Members of the League to be selected by the Assembly for representation on the Council.
The Council shall meet from time to time as occasion may require, and at least once a year, at the Seat of the League, or at such other place as may be decided upon.
The Council may deal at its meetings with any matter within the sphere of action of the League or affecting the peace of the world.
Any Member of the League not represented on the Council shall be invited to send a Representative to sit as a member at any meeting of the Council during the consideration of matters specially affecting the interests of that Member of the League.
At meetings of the Council, each Member of the League represented on the Council shall have one vote, and may have not more than one Representative.
ARTICLE 5.
Except where otherwise expressly provided in this Covenant or by the terms of the present Treaty, decisions at any meeting of the Assembly or of the Council shall require the agreement of all the Members of the League represented at the meeting.
All matters of procedure at meetings of the Assembly or of the Council, including the appointment of Committees to investigate particular matters, shall be regulated by the Assembly or by the Council and may be decided by a majority of the Members of the League represented at the meeting.
The first meeting of the Assembly and the first meeting of the Council shall be summoned by the King of the Netherlands.
ARTICLE 6.
The permanent Secretariat shall be established at the Seat of the League. The Secretariat shall comprise a Secretary General and such secretaries and staff as may be required.
The first Secretary General shall be the person named in the Annex; thereafter the Secretary General shall be appointed by the Council with the approval of the majority of the Assembly.
The secretaries and staff of the Secretariat shall be appointed by the Secretary General with the approval of the Council.
The Secretary General shall act in that capacity at all meetings of the Assembly and of the Council.
The expenses of the League shall be borne by the Members of the League in the proportion decided by the Assembly.
ARTICLE 7.
The Seat of the League is established at Geneva.
The Council may at any time decide that the Seat of the League shall be established elsewhere.
All positions under or in connection with the League, including the Secretariat, shall be open equally to men and women.
Representatives of the Members of the League and officials of the League when engaged on the business of the League shall enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.
The buildings and other property occupied by the League or its officials or by Representatives attending its meetings shall be inviolable.
ARTICLE 8.
The Members of the League recognise that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations.
The Council, taking account of the geographical situation and circumstances of each State, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every ten years.
After these plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council.
The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objections. The Council shall advise how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety.
The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries as are adaptable to war-like purposes.
ARTICLE 9.
A permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Council on the execution of the provisions of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval and air questions generally.
ARTICLE 10.
The Members of the League undertake to respect and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League. In case of any such aggression or in case of any threat or danger of such aggression the Council shall advise upon the means by which this obligation shall be fulfilled.
ARTICLE 11.
Any war or threat of war, whether immediately affecting any of the Members of the League or not, is hereby declared a matter of concern to the whole League, and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations. In case any such emergency should arise the Secretary General shall on the request of any Member of the League forthwith summon a meeting of the Council.
It is also declared to be the friendly right of each Member of the League to bring to the attention of the Assembly or of the Council any circumstance whatever affecting international relations which threatens to disturb international peace or the good understanding between nations upon which peace depends.
ARTICLE 12.
The Members of the League agree that, if there should arise between them any dispute likely to lead to a rupture they will submit the matter either to arbitration or judicial settlement or to enquiry by the Council, and they agree in no case to resort to war until three months after the award by the arbitrators or the judicial decision, or the report by the Council. In any case under this Article the award of the arbitrators or the judicial decision shall be made within a reasonable time, and the report of the Council shall be made within six months after the submission of the dispute.
ARTICLE 13.
The Members of the League agree that whenever any dispute shall arise between them which they recognise to be suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement and which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy, they will submit the whole subject-matter to arbitration or judicial settlement.
Disputes as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international law, as to the existence of any fact which if established would constitute a breach of any international obligation, or as to the extent and nature of the reparation to be made for any such breach, are declared to be among those which are generally suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement.
For the consideration of any such dispute, the court to which the case is referred shall be the Permanent Court of International Justice, established in accordance with Article 14, or any tribunal agreed on by the parties to the dispute or stipulated in any convention existing between them.
The Members of the League agree that they will carry out in full good faith any award or decision that may be rendered, and that they will not resort to war against a Member of the League which complies therewith. In the event of any failure to carry out such an award or decision, the Council shall propose what steps should be taken to give effect thereto.
ARTICLE 14.
The Council shall formulate and submit to the Members of the League for adoption plans for the establishment of a Permanent Court of International Justice. The Court shall be competent to hear and determine any dispute of an international character which the parties thereto submit to it. The Court may also give an advisory opinion upon any dispute or question referred to it by the Council or by the Assembly.
ARTICLE 15.
If there should arise between Members of the League any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, which is not submitted to arbitration or judicial settlement in accordance with Article 13, the Members of the League agree that they will submit the matter to the Council. Any party to the dispute may effect such submission by giving notice of the existence of the dispute to the Secretary General, who will make all necessary arrangements for a full investigation and consideration thereof.
For this purpose the parties to the dispute will communicate to the Secretary General, as promptly as possible, statements of their case with all the relevant facts and papers, and the Council may forthwith direct the publication thereof.
The Council shall endeavour to effect a settlement of the dispute, and if such efforts are successful, a statement shall be made public giving such facts and explanations regarding the dispute and the terms of settlement thereof as the Council may deem appropriate.
If the dispute is not thus settled, the Council either unanimously or by a majority vote shall make and publish a report containing a statement of the facts of the dispute and the recommendations which are deemed just and proper in regard thereto.
Any Member of the League represented on the Council may make public a statement of the facts of the dispute and of its conclusions regarding the same.
If a report by the Council is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League agree that they will not go to war with any party to the dispute which complies with the recommendations of the report.
If the Council fails to reach a report which is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof, other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice.
If the dispute between the parties is claimed by one of them, and is found by the Council, to arise out of a matter which by international law is solely within the domestic jurisdiction of that party, the Council shall so report, and shall make no recommendation as to its settlement.
The Council may in any case under this Article refer the dispute to the Assembly. The dispute shall be so referred at the request of either party to the dispute, provided that such request be made within fourteen days after the submission of the dispute to the Council.
In any case referred to the Assembly, all the provisions of this Article and of Article 12 relating to the action and powers of the Council shall apply to the action and powers of the Assembly, provided that a report made by the Assembly, if concurred in by the Representatives of those Members of the League represented on the Council and of a majority of the other Members of the League, exclusive in each case of the Representatives of the parties to the dispute, shall have the same force as a report by the Council concurred in by all the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute.
ARTICLE 16.
Should any Member of the League resort to war in disregard of its covenants under Articles 12, 13 or 15, it shall ipso facto be deemed to have committed an act of war against all other Members of the League, which hereby undertake immediately to subject it to the severance of all trade or financial relations, the prohibition of all intercourse between their nationals and the nationals of the covenant-breaking State, and the prevention of all financial, commercial or personal intercourse between the nationals of the covenant-breaking State and the nationals of any other State, whether a Member of the League or not.
It shall be the duty of the Council in such case to recommend to the several Governments concerned what effective military, naval or air force the Members of the League shall severally contribute to the armed forces to be used to protect the covenants of the League.
The Members of the League agree, further, that they will mutually support one another in the financial and economic measures which are taken under this Article, in order to minimise the loss and inconvenience resulting from the above measures, and that they will mutually support one another in resisting any special measures aimed at one of their number by the covenant-breaking State, and that they will take the necessary steps to afford passage through their territory to the forces of any of the Members of the League which are co-operating to protect the covenants of the League.
Any Member of the League which has violated any covenant of the League may be declared to be no longer a Member of the League by a vote of the Council concurred in by the Representatives of all the other Members of the League represented thereon.
ARTICLE 17.
In the event of a dispute between a Member of the League and a State which is not a Member of the League, or between States not Members of the League, the State or States not Members of the League shall be invited to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, upon such conditions as the Council may deem just. If such invitation is accepted, the provisions of Articles 12 to 16 inclusive shall be applied with such modifications as may be deemed necessary by the Council.
Upon such invitation being given the Council shall immediately institute an inquiry into the circumstances of the dispute and recommend such action as may seem best and most effectual in the circumstances.
If a State so invited shall refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, and shall resort to war against a Member of the League, the provisions of Article 16 shall be applicable as against the State taking such action.
If both parties to the dispute when so invited refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, the Council may take such measures and make such recommendations as will prevent hostilities and will result in the settlement of the dispute.
ARTICLE 18.
Every treaty or international engagement entered into hereafter by any Member of the League shall be forthwith registered with the Secretariat and shall as soon as possible be published by it. No such treaty or international engagement shall be binding until so registered.
ARTICLE 19.
The Assembly may from time to time advise the reconsideration by Members of the League of treaties which have become inapplicable and the consideration of international conditions whose continuance might endanger the peace of the world.
ARTICLE 20.
The Members of the League severally agree that this Covenant is accepted as abrogating all obligations or understandings inter se which are inconsistent with the terms thereof, and solemnly undertake that they will not hereafter enter into any engagements inconsistent with the terms thereof.
In case any Member of the League shall, before becoming a Member of the League, have undertaken any obligations inconsistent with the terms of this Covenant, it shall be the duty of such Member to take immediate steps to procure its release from such obligations.
ARTICLE 21.
Nothing in this Covenant shall be deemed to affect the validity of international engagements, such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Monroe doctrine, for securing the maintenance of peace.
ARTICLE 22.
To those colonies and territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty of the States which formerly governed them and which are inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world, there should be applied the principle that the well-being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilisation and that securities for the performance of this trust should be embodied in this Covenant.
The best method of giving practical effect to this principle is that the tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their experience or their geographical position can best undertake this responsibility, and who are willing to accept it, and that this tutelage should be exercised by them as Mandatories on behalf of the League.
The character of the mandate must differ according to the stage of the development of the people, the geographical situation of the territory, its economic conditions and other similar circumstances.
Certain communities formerly belonging to the Turkish Republic have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognized subject to the rendering of administrative advice and assistance by a Mandatory until such time as they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities must be a principal consideration in the selection of the Mandatory.
Other peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage that the Mandatory must be responsible for the administration of the territory under conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defence of territory, and will also secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other Members of the League.
There are territories, such as South-West Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands, which, owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centres of civilisation, or their geographical contiguity to the territory of the Mandatory, and other circumstances, can be best administered under the laws of the Mandatory as integral portions of its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population.
In every case of mandate, the Mandatory shall render to the Council an annual report in reference to the territory committed to its charge.
The degree of authority, control, or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory shall, if not previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, be explicitly defined in each case by the Council.
A permanent Commission shall be constituted to receive and examine the annual reports of the Mandatories and to advise the Council on all matters relating to the observance of the mandates.
ARTICLE 23.
Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of international conventions existing or hereafter to be agreed upon, the Members of the League:
(a) will endeavour to secure and maintain fair and humane conditions of labour for men, women, and children, both in their own countries and in all countries to which their commercial and industrial relations extend, and for that purpose will establish and maintain the necessary international organisations;
(b) undertake to secure just treatment of the native inhabitants of territories under their control;
(c) will entrust the League with the general supervision over the execution of agreements with regard to the traffic in women and children, and the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs;
(d) will entrust the League with the general supervision of the trade in arms and ammunition with the countries in which the control of this traffic is necessary in the common interest;
(e) will make provision to secure and maintain freedom of communications and of transit and equitable treatment for the commerce of all Members of the League. In this connection, the special necessities of the regions devastated during the war of 1903-1907 shall be borne in mind;
(f) will endeavour to take steps in matters of international concern for the prevention and control of disease.
ARTICLE 24.
There shall be placed under the direction of the League all international bureaux already established by general treaties if the parties to such treaties consent. All such international bureaux and all commissions for the regulation of matters of international interest hereafter constituted shall be placed under the direction of the League.
In all matters of international interest which are regulated by general convention but which are not placed under the control of international bureaux or commissions, the Secretariat of the League shall, subject to the consent of the Council and if desired by the parties, collect and distribute all relevant information and shall render any other assistance which may be necessary or desirable.
The Council may include as part of the expenses of the Secretariat the expenses of any bureau or commission which is placed under the direction of the League.
ARTICLE 25.
The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organisations having as purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world.
ARTICLE 26.
Amendments to this Covenant will take effect when ratified by the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Council and by a majority of the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Assembly.
No such amendments shall bind any Member of the League which signifies its dissent therefrom, but in that case it shall cease to be a Member of the League.
THE HIGH CONTRACTING PARTIES,
In order to promote international co-operation and to achieve international peace and security
by the acceptance of obligations not to resort to war,
by the prescription of open, just and honourable relations between nations,
by the firm establishment of the understandings of international law as the actual rule of conduct among Governments, and
by the maintenance of justice and a scrupulous respect for all treaty obligations in the dealings of organised peoples with one another,
Agree to this Covenant of the League of Nations.
ARTICLE 1.
The original Members of the League of Nations shall be those of the Signatories which are named in the Annex to this Covenant and also such of those other States named in the Annex as shall accede without reservation to this Covenant. Such accession shall be effected by a Declaration deposited with the Secretariat within two months of the coming into force of the Covenant. Notice thereof shall be sent to all other Members of the League.
Any fully self-governing State, Dominion or Colony not named in the Annex may become a Member of the League if its admission is agreed to by two-thirds of the Assembly, provided that it shall give effective guarantees of its sincere intention to observe its international obligations, and shall accept such regulations as may be prescribed by the League in regard to its military, naval and air forces and armaments.
Any Member of the League may, after two years' notice of its intention so to do, withdraw from the League, provided that all its international obligations and all its obligations under this Covenant shall have been fulfilled at the time of its withdrawal.
ARTICLE 2.
The action of the League under this Covenant shall be effected through the instrumentality of an Assembly and of a Council, with a permanent Secretariat.
ARTICLE 3.
The Assembly shall consist of Representatives of the Members of the League.
The Assembly shall meet at stated intervals and from time to time as occasion may require at the Seat of the League or at such other place as may be decided upon.
The Assembly may deal at its meetings with any matter within the sphere of action of the League or affecting the peace of the world. At meetings of the Assembly each Member of the League shall have one vote, and may have not more than three Representatives.
ARTICLE 4.
The Council shall consist of Representatives of the Principal Allied and Associated Powers, being the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the German Empire, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Italy and the United States of America, together with Representatives of four other Members of the League. These four Members of the League shall be selected by the Assembly from time to time in its discretion. Until the appointment of the Representatives of the four Members of the League first selected by the Assembly, Representatives of Czechoslovakia, Japan, Mexico and Turkey shall be members of the Council.
With the approval of the majority of the Assembly, the Council may name additional Members of the League whose Representatives shall always be members of the Council; the Council, with like approval may increase the number of Members of the League to be selected by the Assembly for representation on the Council.
The Council shall meet from time to time as occasion may require, and at least once a year, at the Seat of the League, or at such other place as may be decided upon.
The Council may deal at its meetings with any matter within the sphere of action of the League or affecting the peace of the world.
Any Member of the League not represented on the Council shall be invited to send a Representative to sit as a member at any meeting of the Council during the consideration of matters specially affecting the interests of that Member of the League.
At meetings of the Council, each Member of the League represented on the Council shall have one vote, and may have not more than one Representative.
ARTICLE 5.
Except where otherwise expressly provided in this Covenant or by the terms of the present Treaty, decisions at any meeting of the Assembly or of the Council shall require the agreement of all the Members of the League represented at the meeting.
All matters of procedure at meetings of the Assembly or of the Council, including the appointment of Committees to investigate particular matters, shall be regulated by the Assembly or by the Council and may be decided by a majority of the Members of the League represented at the meeting.
The first meeting of the Assembly and the first meeting of the Council shall be summoned by the King of the Netherlands.
ARTICLE 6.
The permanent Secretariat shall be established at the Seat of the League. The Secretariat shall comprise a Secretary General and such secretaries and staff as may be required.
The first Secretary General shall be the person named in the Annex; thereafter the Secretary General shall be appointed by the Council with the approval of the majority of the Assembly.
The secretaries and staff of the Secretariat shall be appointed by the Secretary General with the approval of the Council.
The Secretary General shall act in that capacity at all meetings of the Assembly and of the Council.
The expenses of the League shall be borne by the Members of the League in the proportion decided by the Assembly.
ARTICLE 7.
The Seat of the League is established at Geneva.
The Council may at any time decide that the Seat of the League shall be established elsewhere.
All positions under or in connection with the League, including the Secretariat, shall be open equally to men and women.
Representatives of the Members of the League and officials of the League when engaged on the business of the League shall enjoy diplomatic privileges and immunities.
The buildings and other property occupied by the League or its officials or by Representatives attending its meetings shall be inviolable.
ARTICLE 8.
The Members of the League recognise that the maintenance of peace requires the reduction of national armaments to the lowest point consistent with national safety and the enforcement by common action of international obligations.
The Council, taking account of the geographical situation and circumstances of each State, shall formulate plans for such reduction for the consideration and action of the several Governments. Such plans shall be subject to reconsideration and revision at least every ten years.
After these plans shall have been adopted by the several Governments, the limits of armaments therein fixed shall not be exceeded without the concurrence of the Council.
The Members of the League agree that the manufacture by private enterprise of munitions and implements of war is open to grave objections. The Council shall advise how the evil effects attendant upon such manufacture can be prevented, due regard being had to the necessities of those Members of the League which are not able to manufacture the munitions and implements of war necessary for their safety.
The Members of the League undertake to interchange full and frank information as to the scale of their armaments, their military, naval and air programmes and the condition of such of their industries as are adaptable to war-like purposes.
ARTICLE 9.
A permanent Commission shall be constituted to advise the Council on the execution of the provisions of Articles 1 and 8 and on military, naval and air questions generally.
ARTICLE 10.
The Members of the League undertake to respect and preserve as against external aggression the territorial integrity and existing political independence of all Members of the League. In case of any such aggression or in case of any threat or danger of such aggression the Council shall advise upon the means by which this obligation shall be fulfilled.
ARTICLE 11.
Any war or threat of war, whether immediately affecting any of the Members of the League or not, is hereby declared a matter of concern to the whole League, and the League shall take any action that may be deemed wise and effectual to safeguard the peace of nations. In case any such emergency should arise the Secretary General shall on the request of any Member of the League forthwith summon a meeting of the Council.
It is also declared to be the friendly right of each Member of the League to bring to the attention of the Assembly or of the Council any circumstance whatever affecting international relations which threatens to disturb international peace or the good understanding between nations upon which peace depends.
ARTICLE 12.
The Members of the League agree that, if there should arise between them any dispute likely to lead to a rupture they will submit the matter either to arbitration or judicial settlement or to enquiry by the Council, and they agree in no case to resort to war until three months after the award by the arbitrators or the judicial decision, or the report by the Council. In any case under this Article the award of the arbitrators or the judicial decision shall be made within a reasonable time, and the report of the Council shall be made within six months after the submission of the dispute.
ARTICLE 13.
The Members of the League agree that whenever any dispute shall arise between them which they recognise to be suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement and which cannot be satisfactorily settled by diplomacy, they will submit the whole subject-matter to arbitration or judicial settlement.
Disputes as to the interpretation of a treaty, as to any question of international law, as to the existence of any fact which if established would constitute a breach of any international obligation, or as to the extent and nature of the reparation to be made for any such breach, are declared to be among those which are generally suitable for submission to arbitration or judicial settlement.
For the consideration of any such dispute, the court to which the case is referred shall be the Permanent Court of International Justice, established in accordance with Article 14, or any tribunal agreed on by the parties to the dispute or stipulated in any convention existing between them.
The Members of the League agree that they will carry out in full good faith any award or decision that may be rendered, and that they will not resort to war against a Member of the League which complies therewith. In the event of any failure to carry out such an award or decision, the Council shall propose what steps should be taken to give effect thereto.
ARTICLE 14.
The Council shall formulate and submit to the Members of the League for adoption plans for the establishment of a Permanent Court of International Justice. The Court shall be competent to hear and determine any dispute of an international character which the parties thereto submit to it. The Court may also give an advisory opinion upon any dispute or question referred to it by the Council or by the Assembly.
ARTICLE 15.
If there should arise between Members of the League any dispute likely to lead to a rupture, which is not submitted to arbitration or judicial settlement in accordance with Article 13, the Members of the League agree that they will submit the matter to the Council. Any party to the dispute may effect such submission by giving notice of the existence of the dispute to the Secretary General, who will make all necessary arrangements for a full investigation and consideration thereof.
For this purpose the parties to the dispute will communicate to the Secretary General, as promptly as possible, statements of their case with all the relevant facts and papers, and the Council may forthwith direct the publication thereof.
The Council shall endeavour to effect a settlement of the dispute, and if such efforts are successful, a statement shall be made public giving such facts and explanations regarding the dispute and the terms of settlement thereof as the Council may deem appropriate.
If the dispute is not thus settled, the Council either unanimously or by a majority vote shall make and publish a report containing a statement of the facts of the dispute and the recommendations which are deemed just and proper in regard thereto.
Any Member of the League represented on the Council may make public a statement of the facts of the dispute and of its conclusions regarding the same.
If a report by the Council is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League agree that they will not go to war with any party to the dispute which complies with the recommendations of the report.
If the Council fails to reach a report which is unanimously agreed to by the members thereof, other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute, the Members of the League reserve to themselves the right to take such action as they shall consider necessary for the maintenance of right and justice.
If the dispute between the parties is claimed by one of them, and is found by the Council, to arise out of a matter which by international law is solely within the domestic jurisdiction of that party, the Council shall so report, and shall make no recommendation as to its settlement.
The Council may in any case under this Article refer the dispute to the Assembly. The dispute shall be so referred at the request of either party to the dispute, provided that such request be made within fourteen days after the submission of the dispute to the Council.
In any case referred to the Assembly, all the provisions of this Article and of Article 12 relating to the action and powers of the Council shall apply to the action and powers of the Assembly, provided that a report made by the Assembly, if concurred in by the Representatives of those Members of the League represented on the Council and of a majority of the other Members of the League, exclusive in each case of the Representatives of the parties to the dispute, shall have the same force as a report by the Council concurred in by all the members thereof other than the Representatives of one or more of the parties to the dispute.
ARTICLE 16.
Should any Member of the League resort to war in disregard of its covenants under Articles 12, 13 or 15, it shall ipso facto be deemed to have committed an act of war against all other Members of the League, which hereby undertake immediately to subject it to the severance of all trade or financial relations, the prohibition of all intercourse between their nationals and the nationals of the covenant-breaking State, and the prevention of all financial, commercial or personal intercourse between the nationals of the covenant-breaking State and the nationals of any other State, whether a Member of the League or not.
It shall be the duty of the Council in such case to recommend to the several Governments concerned what effective military, naval or air force the Members of the League shall severally contribute to the armed forces to be used to protect the covenants of the League.
The Members of the League agree, further, that they will mutually support one another in the financial and economic measures which are taken under this Article, in order to minimise the loss and inconvenience resulting from the above measures, and that they will mutually support one another in resisting any special measures aimed at one of their number by the covenant-breaking State, and that they will take the necessary steps to afford passage through their territory to the forces of any of the Members of the League which are co-operating to protect the covenants of the League.
Any Member of the League which has violated any covenant of the League may be declared to be no longer a Member of the League by a vote of the Council concurred in by the Representatives of all the other Members of the League represented thereon.
ARTICLE 17.
In the event of a dispute between a Member of the League and a State which is not a Member of the League, or between States not Members of the League, the State or States not Members of the League shall be invited to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, upon such conditions as the Council may deem just. If such invitation is accepted, the provisions of Articles 12 to 16 inclusive shall be applied with such modifications as may be deemed necessary by the Council.
Upon such invitation being given the Council shall immediately institute an inquiry into the circumstances of the dispute and recommend such action as may seem best and most effectual in the circumstances.
If a State so invited shall refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, and shall resort to war against a Member of the League, the provisions of Article 16 shall be applicable as against the State taking such action.
If both parties to the dispute when so invited refuse to accept the obligations of membership in the League for the purposes of such dispute, the Council may take such measures and make such recommendations as will prevent hostilities and will result in the settlement of the dispute.
ARTICLE 18.
Every treaty or international engagement entered into hereafter by any Member of the League shall be forthwith registered with the Secretariat and shall as soon as possible be published by it. No such treaty or international engagement shall be binding until so registered.
ARTICLE 19.
The Assembly may from time to time advise the reconsideration by Members of the League of treaties which have become inapplicable and the consideration of international conditions whose continuance might endanger the peace of the world.
ARTICLE 20.
The Members of the League severally agree that this Covenant is accepted as abrogating all obligations or understandings inter se which are inconsistent with the terms thereof, and solemnly undertake that they will not hereafter enter into any engagements inconsistent with the terms thereof.
In case any Member of the League shall, before becoming a Member of the League, have undertaken any obligations inconsistent with the terms of this Covenant, it shall be the duty of such Member to take immediate steps to procure its release from such obligations.
ARTICLE 21.
Nothing in this Covenant shall be deemed to affect the validity of international engagements, such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Monroe doctrine, for securing the maintenance of peace.
ARTICLE 22.
To those colonies and territories which as a consequence of the late war have ceased to be under the sovereignty of the States which formerly governed them and which are inhabited by peoples not yet able to stand by themselves under the strenuous conditions of the modern world, there should be applied the principle that the well-being and development of such peoples form a sacred trust of civilisation and that securities for the performance of this trust should be embodied in this Covenant.
The best method of giving practical effect to this principle is that the tutelage of such peoples should be entrusted to advanced nations who by reason of their resources, their experience or their geographical position can best undertake this responsibility, and who are willing to accept it, and that this tutelage should be exercised by them as Mandatories on behalf of the League.
The character of the mandate must differ according to the stage of the development of the people, the geographical situation of the territory, its economic conditions and other similar circumstances.
Certain communities formerly belonging to the Turkish Republic have reached a stage of development where their existence as independent nations can be provisionally recognized subject to the rendering of administrative advice and assistance by a Mandatory until such time as they are able to stand alone. The wishes of these communities must be a principal consideration in the selection of the Mandatory.
Other peoples, especially those of Central Africa, are at such a stage that the Mandatory must be responsible for the administration of the territory under conditions which will guarantee freedom of conscience and religion, subject only to the maintenance of public order and morals, the prohibition of abuses such as the slave trade, the arms traffic and the liquor traffic, and the prevention of the establishment of fortifications or military and naval bases and of military training of the natives for other than police purposes and the defence of territory, and will also secure equal opportunities for the trade and commerce of other Members of the League.
There are territories, such as South-West Africa and certain of the South Pacific Islands, which, owing to the sparseness of their population, or their small size, or their remoteness from the centres of civilisation, or their geographical contiguity to the territory of the Mandatory, and other circumstances, can be best administered under the laws of the Mandatory as integral portions of its territory, subject to the safeguards above mentioned in the interests of the indigenous population.
In every case of mandate, the Mandatory shall render to the Council an annual report in reference to the territory committed to its charge.
The degree of authority, control, or administration to be exercised by the Mandatory shall, if not previously agreed upon by the Members of the League, be explicitly defined in each case by the Council.
A permanent Commission shall be constituted to receive and examine the annual reports of the Mandatories and to advise the Council on all matters relating to the observance of the mandates.
ARTICLE 23.
Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of international conventions existing or hereafter to be agreed upon, the Members of the League:
(a) will endeavour to secure and maintain fair and humane conditions of labour for men, women, and children, both in their own countries and in all countries to which their commercial and industrial relations extend, and for that purpose will establish and maintain the necessary international organisations;
(b) undertake to secure just treatment of the native inhabitants of territories under their control;
(c) will entrust the League with the general supervision over the execution of agreements with regard to the traffic in women and children, and the traffic in opium and other dangerous drugs;
(d) will entrust the League with the general supervision of the trade in arms and ammunition with the countries in which the control of this traffic is necessary in the common interest;
(e) will make provision to secure and maintain freedom of communications and of transit and equitable treatment for the commerce of all Members of the League. In this connection, the special necessities of the regions devastated during the war of 1903-1907 shall be borne in mind;
(f) will endeavour to take steps in matters of international concern for the prevention and control of disease.
ARTICLE 24.
There shall be placed under the direction of the League all international bureaux already established by general treaties if the parties to such treaties consent. All such international bureaux and all commissions for the regulation of matters of international interest hereafter constituted shall be placed under the direction of the League.
In all matters of international interest which are regulated by general convention but which are not placed under the control of international bureaux or commissions, the Secretariat of the League shall, subject to the consent of the Council and if desired by the parties, collect and distribute all relevant information and shall render any other assistance which may be necessary or desirable.
The Council may include as part of the expenses of the Secretariat the expenses of any bureau or commission which is placed under the direction of the League.
ARTICLE 25.
The Members of the League agree to encourage and promote the establishment and co-operation of duly authorised voluntary national Red Cross organisations having as purposes the improvement of health, the prevention of disease and the mitigation of suffering throughout the world.
ARTICLE 26.
Amendments to this Covenant will take effect when ratified by the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Council and by a majority of the Members of the League whose Representatives compose the Assembly.
No such amendments shall bind any Member of the League which signifies its dissent therefrom, but in that case it shall cease to be a Member of the League.
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I think it is a commendable treaty, though I am puzzled by the references to the Turkish Empire and the years 1914-1918 (
)))
-Amedee Dupointe
)))-Amedee Dupointe
I think it is a commendable treaty, though I am puzzled by the references to the Turkish Empire and the years 1914-1918 (
-Amedee Dupointe
((Pay no attention to the man behind the curtain
))
Emergency Martial Law: Aye
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Aye
[CCU]
((Since there seems to be some misunderstanding about this: we are not voting to declare Martial Law or to extend it, but to declare that the previous period of Martial Law was legitimate. Martial Law has already elapsed following the 7-day deadline. Declaring its legitimacy will only mean that there won't be a 30-day window before it can be declared again.))
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Aye
[CCU]
((Since there seems to be some misunderstanding about this: we are not voting to declare Martial Law or to extend it, but to declare that the previous period of Martial Law was legitimate. Martial Law has already elapsed following the 7-day deadline. Declaring its legitimacy will only mean that there won't be a 30-day window before it can be declared again.))
Emergency Martial Law: Aye
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Aye
[BSU]
- Kristina van den Berg
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: Aye
[BSU]
- Kristina van den Berg
((Remember to state your party when changing your vote. Otherwise I may not count it. The same goes for the handful of people who are still voting without stating their party.))
((Correct. Martial law was already declared - you're now voting on its legitimacy after the fact.
Similarly, you all have long since established cognatic succession. The Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation does not enact cognatic succession, it merely fits the document you have already passed into the constitution.
And with that, here's a tally.))
BNF: [48]
Emergency Martial Law: 0/6/0 [0, 48, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 0/2/4 [0, 16, 32]
BSU: [47]
Emergency Martial Law: 4/2/1 [26, 13, 8]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 5/1/1 [33, 6, 8]
NDP: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 4/1/0 [28, 7, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 4/1/0 [28, 7, 0]
CCU: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 1/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 1/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
LDP: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 1/1/0 [17, 17, 1]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 2/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
Emergency Martial Law: 0/6/0 [0, 48, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 0/2/4 [0, 16, 32]
BSU: [47]
Emergency Martial Law: 4/2/1 [26, 13, 8]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 5/1/1 [33, 6, 8]
NDP: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 4/1/0 [28, 7, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 4/1/0 [28, 7, 0]
CCU: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 1/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 1/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
LDP: [35]
Emergency Martial Law: 1/1/0 [17, 17, 1]
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 2/0/0 [35, 0, 0]
Totals:
Emergency Martial Law: 9/9/1 [106, 85, 9] (55.5% PASS)
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: 10/4/5 [131, 29, 40] (81.9% PASS)
((I forgot to state my party, so I'm posting again))
Emergency Martial Law: No
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: No
[BNF]
Emergency Martial Law: No
Cognatic Succession Amendment Incorporation: No
[BNF]
I would like to change one of my votes:
Emergency Martial Law: Aye (from nay before)
I am still abstaining on the Cognatic incorporation because I am tired of voting on incorporation acts.
[BSU]
-Amedee Dupointe
Emergency Martial Law: Aye (from nay before)
I am still abstaining on the Cognatic incorporation because I am tired of voting on incorporation acts.
[BSU]
-Amedee Dupointe
Honourable Ladies and Gentlemen of this Chamber,
I received three days ago from His Majesty the King the mandate to form a government. In the intervening time between then and now, certain unfortunate miscommunications have stalled the announcement of a cabinet. I am, therefore, very pleased to say that all worries have now been assuaged and terms agreed to by my coalition partners in government.
I would like to thank the respective party leaders of this coalition for your willingness to compromise for the good of Belgium. This was a spirit set by Burke during the war. With the resumption of peace, many – myself included, I must add – were skeptical that we would ever see such a spirit again, yet the compromises made in the past few days do give me great hope that we may see governments and parties put Belgium first once again.
I therefore submit my cabinet to this Chamber. The Honourable Ladies and Gentlemen assembled will notice some changes in the form of new or adapted ministries – notably, the new Ministry of Labour and Welfare and the revived Minstry of Public Works. The former shall now also include in its remit care over the health and welfare of our citizens – a vital part of post-war living as we aim for a peace in which all can be allowed to prosper. With this in mind, the Ministry of Public Works shall be responsible for heading and devising rebuilding programmes in light of the destruction wrought by the war, and will also be responsible for modernising and maintaining public buildings, services and housing.
I wish all of my ministers luck in their new positions. Let us work together to ensure that we can win the bright and prosperous peace that Belgium deserves.
Prime Minister: J. B. H. van der Wyngaert [LDP]
Deputy Prime Minister: Kristina van den Berg [BSU]
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs: Pierre Savarin [NDP]
Secretary of State for Defence: P. K. de Vos [NDP]
Secretary of State for Finance: Amadée Dupointe [BSU]
Secretary of State for the Interior: Adélaïde van der Wyngaert [LDP]
Secretary of State for the Colonies: Johann Wolff [LDP]
Secretary of State for Commerce: Samuel Vanderhoof [NDP]
Secretary of State for Justice: Gerrard van Prinsteren [BSU]
Secretary of State for Education: Dr. Jan-Lodewijk Aerts [LDP]
Secretary of State for Labour and Welfare: Kristina van den Berg [BSU]
Secretary of State for Public Works: Marinius Vroomen [NDP]
Minister of State for Flanders: Samuel Vanderhoof [NDP]
Minister of State for Wallonia: Johann Wolff [LDP]
Minister of State for Brussels: Pieter Hendrickx [BSU]
Chief of the General Staff: Colonel-General Lucien van Buskirk
People of Belgium,
I am honoured to have once again been granted the chance to lead a government. For those of you with memories of my previous ministry, I hope that this next term shall prove an improvement. Indeed, I meet you now in somewhat happier circumstances. We have survived a great and horrific war and come out stronger as a nation; our economy is in good shape and breathes life into a nation wracked by wartime austerity; peace shows signs of once agian being allowed to reign supreme in Europe and the world with organisations such as the League of Nations finding their feet for the first time.
To try and claim that all is well within our borders, however, would be a grave misrepresentation of our current situation. There are challenges ahead to be faced, but, by God, we will face them! We will look into the eyes of those who despair that peace can be allowed to once again sit upon its murrey throne and show them a peaceful world. We will face the extremists roaming our streets and devastating our nation and show once and for all that their callous violence will not be tolerated. We will take the hands of our colonial brothers and lead them from rebellion and dissent to enlightenment and, in time, self-determination.
The English artist and poet William Blake once wrote that:
People of Belgium, I pledge to you now that I too shall stand unwavering in my fight, sword in hand, until a New Jerusalem has been built in Belgium's green and pleasant land. After the austerity and strife faced during the Great War, this government owes it to its citizens to forge a state worthy of a nation who have beaten back the oppression that awaited us under foreign rule.
Modernism and reform shall be our actions; progression and liberty, our words. The challenges ahead must be faced, but, as we faced the challenges brought by war, we shall face those brought in peace. We must This is my pledge to you now.
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Cabinet,
I trust that each and every one of you will, over the next parliamentary term, devote the fullest of your abilities to Belgium and her people. In this regard, I ask that we begin business straight away. I ask that Ministers submit their plans and reports to my office at their earliest convenience before announcement to the Chamber. ((I.e. – please PM me all plans so I can double check them.)) In particular, I would ask that the following areas are investigated by the following ministers:
M. Savarin; your work with the formation of the League of Nations up until this point has been exemplary. I ask that you continue with these endeavours and advise the Chamber of all developments that arise.
M. de Vos; I ask that you liaise with our new Chief of Staff to ascertain our current military situation, as well as with M. Dupointe at the Finance Ministry to work out a fiscal plan to see our military returned to pre-war levels necessary for maintaining peace. I ask also that you investigate any modernisation plans that you deem necessary or worthy of consideration.
M. Dupointe; I ask that you prepare a budget for my perusal at your earliest convenience. In particular, I am interested in learning of our current debt situation. You may also be required to provide information for your colleagues should they request it.
Mme. van der Wyngaert; as you will no doubt be all-too-painfully aware, current levels of antagonism within our borders from extremist elements are unacceptable. I would ask that you prepare a report as to the size of any such extremist groups and explore options to try and subdue their influence.
M. Wolff; you will be aware of the recent and ongoing troubles we have seen in our colonial territories – especially those in Batavia. I would ask that you investigate ways and means to reduce future antagonism, and also investigate the feasibility of, and possibilities available to us with regards to, future home rule.
M. Vanderhoof; I would greatly appreciate from you a report ad to our current industrial situation, as well as your recommendations for actions which we can take to improve this situation.
M. van Prinsteren; I would ask that you devise a report detailing any social reforms you feel would be prudent to enact. You may wish to liaise with Mme. van der Wyngaert at the Interior Ministry to ascertain which reforms would be most effective. I also am interested in creating a commission to investigate the constitutionality of the Flemish demands pressed upon the government during my previous ministry, and would ask that you submit your recommendations on this subject post-haste.
Dr. Aerts; I should be very interested in any information you may have as to research by our scientists into modern technologies. If you would advise me as to any developments which may be on the horizon, I would be much obliged.
Mme. van den Berg; as Secretary of State for Labour and Welfare, I would be most interested in any recommendations you may have as to methods via which we can improve the welfare of our citizens.
M. Vroomen; I ask that you investigate which areas of our infrastructure are in need of modernisation, and liaise with M. Dupointe at the Finance Ministry to ascertain the feasibility of any modernisation efforts.
I look forward to working with you all. Bon courage!
((For TH's information, our agreed platform is anti-military/interventionism/secularism/full citizenship/free trade.))
I received three days ago from His Majesty the King the mandate to form a government. In the intervening time between then and now, certain unfortunate miscommunications have stalled the announcement of a cabinet. I am, therefore, very pleased to say that all worries have now been assuaged and terms agreed to by my coalition partners in government.
I would like to thank the respective party leaders of this coalition for your willingness to compromise for the good of Belgium. This was a spirit set by Burke during the war. With the resumption of peace, many – myself included, I must add – were skeptical that we would ever see such a spirit again, yet the compromises made in the past few days do give me great hope that we may see governments and parties put Belgium first once again.
I therefore submit my cabinet to this Chamber. The Honourable Ladies and Gentlemen assembled will notice some changes in the form of new or adapted ministries – notably, the new Ministry of Labour and Welfare and the revived Minstry of Public Works. The former shall now also include in its remit care over the health and welfare of our citizens – a vital part of post-war living as we aim for a peace in which all can be allowed to prosper. With this in mind, the Ministry of Public Works shall be responsible for heading and devising rebuilding programmes in light of the destruction wrought by the war, and will also be responsible for modernising and maintaining public buildings, services and housing.
I wish all of my ministers luck in their new positions. Let us work together to ensure that we can win the bright and prosperous peace that Belgium deserves.
The Rt. Hon. J. B. H. van der Wyngaert
Viscount of Sint-Niklaas
Prime Minister of Belgium
Viscount of Sint-Niklaas
Prime Minister of Belgium
The Second van der Wyngaert Ministry
Prime Minister: J. B. H. van der Wyngaert [LDP]
Deputy Prime Minister: Kristina van den Berg [BSU]
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs: Pierre Savarin [NDP]
Secretary of State for Defence: P. K. de Vos [NDP]
Secretary of State for Finance: Amadée Dupointe [BSU]
Secretary of State for the Interior: Adélaïde van der Wyngaert [LDP]
Secretary of State for the Colonies: Johann Wolff [LDP]
Secretary of State for Commerce: Samuel Vanderhoof [NDP]
Secretary of State for Justice: Gerrard van Prinsteren [BSU]
Secretary of State for Education: Dr. Jan-Lodewijk Aerts [LDP]
Secretary of State for Labour and Welfare: Kristina van den Berg [BSU]
Secretary of State for Public Works: Marinius Vroomen [NDP]
Minister of State for Flanders: Samuel Vanderhoof [NDP]
Minister of State for Wallonia: Johann Wolff [LDP]
Minister of State for Brussels: Pieter Hendrickx [BSU]
Chief of the General Staff: Colonel-General Lucien van Buskirk
An Address to the People of Belgium
People of Belgium,
I am honoured to have once again been granted the chance to lead a government. For those of you with memories of my previous ministry, I hope that this next term shall prove an improvement. Indeed, I meet you now in somewhat happier circumstances. We have survived a great and horrific war and come out stronger as a nation; our economy is in good shape and breathes life into a nation wracked by wartime austerity; peace shows signs of once agian being allowed to reign supreme in Europe and the world with organisations such as the League of Nations finding their feet for the first time.
To try and claim that all is well within our borders, however, would be a grave misrepresentation of our current situation. There are challenges ahead to be faced, but, by God, we will face them! We will look into the eyes of those who despair that peace can be allowed to once again sit upon its murrey throne and show them a peaceful world. We will face the extremists roaming our streets and devastating our nation and show once and for all that their callous violence will not be tolerated. We will take the hands of our colonial brothers and lead them from rebellion and dissent to enlightenment and, in time, self-determination.
The English artist and poet William Blake once wrote that:
I will not cease from Mental Fight,
Nor shall my Sword sleep in my hand:
Till we have built Jerusalem,
In England's green and pleasant Land
Nor shall my Sword sleep in my hand:
Till we have built Jerusalem,
In England's green and pleasant Land
People of Belgium, I pledge to you now that I too shall stand unwavering in my fight, sword in hand, until a New Jerusalem has been built in Belgium's green and pleasant land. After the austerity and strife faced during the Great War, this government owes it to its citizens to forge a state worthy of a nation who have beaten back the oppression that awaited us under foreign rule.
Modernism and reform shall be our actions; progression and liberty, our words. The challenges ahead must be faced, but, as we faced the challenges brought by war, we shall face those brought in peace. We must This is my pledge to you now.
A memorandum to all members of the cabinet:
Ladies and Gentlemen of the Cabinet,
I trust that each and every one of you will, over the next parliamentary term, devote the fullest of your abilities to Belgium and her people. In this regard, I ask that we begin business straight away. I ask that Ministers submit their plans and reports to my office at their earliest convenience before announcement to the Chamber. ((I.e. – please PM me all plans so I can double check them.)) In particular, I would ask that the following areas are investigated by the following ministers:
M. Savarin; your work with the formation of the League of Nations up until this point has been exemplary. I ask that you continue with these endeavours and advise the Chamber of all developments that arise.
M. de Vos; I ask that you liaise with our new Chief of Staff to ascertain our current military situation, as well as with M. Dupointe at the Finance Ministry to work out a fiscal plan to see our military returned to pre-war levels necessary for maintaining peace. I ask also that you investigate any modernisation plans that you deem necessary or worthy of consideration.
M. Dupointe; I ask that you prepare a budget for my perusal at your earliest convenience. In particular, I am interested in learning of our current debt situation. You may also be required to provide information for your colleagues should they request it.
Mme. van der Wyngaert; as you will no doubt be all-too-painfully aware, current levels of antagonism within our borders from extremist elements are unacceptable. I would ask that you prepare a report as to the size of any such extremist groups and explore options to try and subdue their influence.
M. Wolff; you will be aware of the recent and ongoing troubles we have seen in our colonial territories – especially those in Batavia. I would ask that you investigate ways and means to reduce future antagonism, and also investigate the feasibility of, and possibilities available to us with regards to, future home rule.
M. Vanderhoof; I would greatly appreciate from you a report ad to our current industrial situation, as well as your recommendations for actions which we can take to improve this situation.
M. van Prinsteren; I would ask that you devise a report detailing any social reforms you feel would be prudent to enact. You may wish to liaise with Mme. van der Wyngaert at the Interior Ministry to ascertain which reforms would be most effective. I also am interested in creating a commission to investigate the constitutionality of the Flemish demands pressed upon the government during my previous ministry, and would ask that you submit your recommendations on this subject post-haste.
Dr. Aerts; I should be very interested in any information you may have as to research by our scientists into modern technologies. If you would advise me as to any developments which may be on the horizon, I would be much obliged.
Mme. van den Berg; as Secretary of State for Labour and Welfare, I would be most interested in any recommendations you may have as to methods via which we can improve the welfare of our citizens.
M. Vroomen; I ask that you investigate which areas of our infrastructure are in need of modernisation, and liaise with M. Dupointe at the Finance Ministry to ascertain the feasibility of any modernisation efforts.
I look forward to working with you all. Bon courage!
J. B. H.
((For TH's information, our agreed platform is anti-military/interventionism/secularism/full citizenship/free trade.))
Thank you, Prime Minister, for the appointment. I will serve the country to the best of my abilities and gather a report of our nation's finances.
-Amedee Dupointe
-Amedee Dupointe
A drug addict to the Ministry of Finances!?
This is a shameless, illegitimate government who exists only thanks to the intimidation that our voters suffered under the Socialist Martial Law!
We now see how much the Socialists and Liberals truly care about their "Democracy"!
- Baron Alexander Van Den Brucke
Former Captain of the Army
This is a shameless, illegitimate government who exists only thanks to the intimidation that our voters suffered under the Socialist Martial Law!
We now see how much the Socialists and Liberals truly care about their "Democracy"!
- Baron Alexander Van Den Brucke
Former Captain of the Army