Nazi Germany's main concerns in establishing control over the Danubian basin were economic in nature.
[14] Adolf Hitler's primary objective throughout the war was to conquer sufficient "living space" (
Lebensraum) at the expense of the Soviet Union in
Eastern Europe for German
settlement, which would in turn allow control over the country's rich deposits of natural resources (such as
oil,
grain and
iron), transforming Germany into an economic
autarky.
[14] The Danube was considered to be the main route along which this stream of
raw materials was to be transported to Germany proper.
[14] Hitler referred to the Danube as the "river of the future".
[15] At other times he was more explicit about its role in the
German-dominated Europe:
"The Danube is the waterway which leads into the very heart of the continent, and for this reason, in a Europe united by us, will have to be regarded as a German river and controlled by Germany."
— Adolf Hitler, 29 June 1942.
[16]
In view of these intentions, various proposals to establish permanent German possession of the entire Danubian waterway were formulated by the Nazis. One of these proposed the settlement of all the ethnic Germans in Southeastern Europe along a broad strip of territory on both sides of the river, stretching from
Mohács in southern Hungary all the way to the
Black Sea.
[14] Another suggested turning
Belgrade into a
fortress-city of the Reich (
Reichsfestung) and the center of a
Reichsgau (administrative subdivision), to be named
Prinz-Eugen. Neither of these ideas was officially endorsed by the wartime German government, however, and the
historical record indicates that the Nazis had no clear conception as to what extent Germany should control the Danube or how this control was to be effected.
[14] Hitler's own preference, at least for the immediate future, was the retention of a number of
satellite states (Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and others) closely tied to the Nazi regime politically and economically.
Serbia at the very least was most likely to remain under some permanent form of German administration.
[14]