I agree, and would add further tweaking possibility by tech as a factor to avoid the small non-european nations developing out of control.If you look at why certain regions "developed" and others didn't, there are a few straightforward, easy-to-implement factors that could solve the issue to everyone's satisfaction (preventing tall megacities in Siberia but allowing them where appropriate).
If you combine the following factors, you would allow highly developed provinces in plausible situations while preventing them elsewhere.
Geography
Easier Development:
+++ river estuary
+ adjacent to river estuary
+ coastal
+ rich farmland
+ along river (even if inland)
Harder Development:
- - - tundra/desert
- mountain
Wealth
+++ trade center
+ adjacent to trade center
++ high province production value (which will be affected by both production tech and buildings constructed)
+ high value of collected trade in node
- - low province production value
- low value of collected trade in node
Stability / Politics
== NO DEVELOPMENT DURING WAR
== Military Devestation - however defined - should either reduce development or result in a long (10-30yr) development timeout. Options to define could range from enemy army presence in territory to successful siege/occupation to razing of crops.
+++ capital (gets cheaper as nation gets larger)
+ adjacent to capital
++ high stability
++ high prestige
- - low stability
- - low prestige
These factors would need to be balanced, but my general sense is that the ideal province for development - for example, Venice in ascendancy, the wealthy capital of a prestigious trade empire blessed by geography - should be at least 3x cheaper to develop than an "average" province and 6x cheaper than a poor, backward, landlocked arctic/desert province.
When that is said, I am not sure that development as it stands is as much of a problem as the lack of non-conquest ways of combatting it. Essentially smaller countries are not getting that much of a boost out of it compared to the blob eating them! Or in other words, it encourages more warring, while still not making a tall/diplomatic strategy viable, which was a big part of the common sense in the expansion!
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