@GloatingSwine @The Founder Ahh, I get it now. Thanks for clarifying it!
Also, how many research points would you suggest having on each planet to keep up with all those penalties?
"However many are possible."
Unless you only look at one specific Tier of technology (where you can pre-calculate the penalty for each tech), there is no proper equation.
Each of the 3 tech tiers has 4 subtiers. With the difference between the highest and lowest being +100%.
@tier1cost1 = 360
@tier1cost2 = 480
@tier1cost3 = 600
@tier1cost4 = 720
@tier2cost1 = 1000
@tier2cost2 = 1400
@tier2cost3 = 1800
@tier2cost4 = 2200
@tier3cost1 = 3000
@tier3cost2 = 4000
@tier3cost3 = 5000
@tier3cost4 = 6000
I guess we could asume cost 1 to be the core value for each Tier. With some tech on the Tier having a surcharge. (+1/3, +2/3, +1 on Tier 1 and 3. +2/5, +4/5, +6/5 on Tier 2).
Or you could look at the game having 12 tiers actually.
Repeatable tech by design is getting much more expensive per level. It starts around T2.2, but exceeds T2.4 within 3 levels.
1400 + 400 per level for Physics
1500 + 480 for the other two
The idea was that you should never run out of repeatable techs to reserach. Fallen empires 'only' start with about 5 levels and do not do reserach.