Second, Europe offers no benefits or disadvantages over other continents when it comes to corruption.
Inexpensive tech groups have a massive advantage in corruption. Tech imbalance from ruler stats is marginalized and you have a ton of padding with which you can expand while keeping up in tech. It also possesses 3 end nodes and Constantinople. Huge province value, best trade potential, and heaps more monarch points are objectively more resistant to the impact of corruption!
And yes, this also means a Zanzibar nation is better against corruption than starting as Air or Buryatia.
Third, what needs fixing? Having tech disbalance is your own fault.
The problem is that you spend points on tech first over ideas inefficiently (lost monarch points) or have less money for advisors (lose monarch points), but only if you're in a disadvantaged position already (lose monarch points). The result is not more strategy.
That said, talk about hand waving, the people claiming anyone who says corruption isn't bad only plays europe / strong nations is asinine.
I know people make that claim when hating on corruption, but I'm not going to do it. You can push pace basically anywhere to feel the effects, but you have to push *much* harder in Europe so it's harder to see corruption's negative impact as Scotland than as Kochin. That's not the fundamental issue with it though, there are lots of mechanics intended to slow conquest or make ROTW harder. What corruption does is done in an uninteresting, uneven manner. It essentially restores the -1 point/month penalty to ROTW. Was the game unplayable when that penalty existed? Of course not, people got WC with -1/month tags even back then. Was it a good/fun/well designed constraint? No, and it was removed for that reason.
I agree that struggling with it as BYZ is kind of strange. They have one of the better nodes in the game, pretty rich provinces, and a solid tech group. They'll feel it more than France but bankrupting as BYZ (or anyone really) suggests problems with more than corruption.
That's not a straw man. Most of the posts defending the corruption mechanic defend it as -"I played Otto/fra /blob" the other day and I did fine .
To be fair, it's not constructive when either side does this. "I played as a superpower and didn't struggle" tells us nothing, and neither does "well obviously people who don't play as Jaisalmer suck and don't understand why they're wrong". Corruption's negative impact is quantifiable, and the "playstyle adjustments" to deal with it amount to less efficient usage of monarch points no matter which "adjustment" you pick. Of course you can just pay to win with Cossacks and farm 150 points/20 years/category and cheap advisors and then it seems less bad :/. Or you can buy mare nostrum and westernize as basically anybody in the old world by 1500-1520 via purchasing maps.
Forts are a different problem entirely, I think it's fair to call them a red herring for this thread because it's easy to demonstrate their cost, utility, and function are broken completely independently from corruption. The AI was given cheats for them because the devs wanted to shoehorn their existence specifically despite the cost:utility design being way off.
b) even with western tech it is easily possible to not get the ahead of time bonuses (eg: play as England and get an heir before WotR removes your loser king)
Lancaster is like having a 2/2/2 ruler in India, from a tech perspective. Having something like a 1 0 3 in India and teching while expanding is going to get you unbalanced research corruption, even if you don't focus military. Even if you focus something else from the start and expand slowly. You can overcome the corruption, but it doesn't do much for the game strategy in that situation.
1.18's tech group rework is going to interact with a ton of things though, so we'll see what happens. I won't miss westernization --> catch up while corruption costs spike though. TBH I don't think many people will miss westernization in general.