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unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
CAFTA inter-governmental conference ready to begin

Superficial changes have been made to certain parts of the former New Lancaster School of Economics, where CAFTA has rented offices. The room where the former board of trustees met has been set up for the actual conference meetings, and a large lecture hall has been fitted out as a press briefing room. A banner announcing the conference is displayed over the entrance. All is in readiness for the representatives to arrive. (OOC: Will the designated representatives please post their arrival so this can start.)
 

unmerged(23409)

LevePalestinaKrossaSionis men
Dec 13, 2003
586
2
*Gonzov enters the room*

"Well, let's get this show on the road eh? I need to be back home as soon as possible."
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
The Gonzo said:
*Gonzov enters the room*

"Well, let's get this show on the road eh? I need to be back home as soon as possible."
An event organizer, hands Mr. Gonzov his name tag and information packet and informs him that he is the first of the governmental representatives to arrive, but that the representatives from St. Esprit and Tilapia are expected momentarily. They had been unable to confirm Reverend Flanders' schedule, so Mr. Gonzov might be the sole representative from the UPE. In the meantime, he is given the opportunity of addressing the advisory board or the press, or both. Additionally, if he has prepared his own version of a draft inter-island free trade treaty, either completely from scratch or my marking up the one previously discussed here at CAFTA, if he could provide a copy (OOC: post it), then it would copied for inclusion in the packets for the others.
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
Event staff greet the Minister from St. Esprit and the Director from Tilapia. Besides the materials and name tags, they are offered earphones for simultaneous translation (English:French:Spanish), they both initially decline, but are encouraged to take them anyway, should they decide they want them later. They are shown the individual offices that are provided for their convenience during the conference, and (re)introduced to each other and the representative of the Eutopian government, Mr. Gonzov. There is some free time for the representatives to have informal discussions (often the most productive phase of any multilateral conference), before the gala opening dinner. They are informed that the acting Chairman is expected back for the dinner.
 

unmerged(23409)

LevePalestinaKrossaSionis men
Dec 13, 2003
586
2
*Before the Gala*

"So how are things in St Espirit, Zeno? Anything happening?"
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
Gala Opening Dinner

The Acting Chairman of the Advisory Board returns from Eutopia City, muttering to himself about how dirty it is (in more ways than one) compared to New Lancaster, showers and changes into formal wear for the evening's gala. He is introduced to the representatives from St. Esprit and Tilapia on the veranda of the former faculty club, and they proceed inside to the dinner. The evening's menu only uses products from the island of Eutopia, with a good diversity that features products of all three nations. The recipes are ones popular in the three nations, with a smoked Kirby salmon appetizer, a traditional seafood, sausage, and rice stew from St. Esprit, and a Tilapian almond pastry for desert, with suitable local alternatives provided for those with dietary restrictions. After the meal, Loic rises to say a few words:

"This is an historical occassion, the first meeting of governmental representatives from all the nations of this island. What you do will be remembered, not what I say, so I will keep it brief. The economy of this island is not accustomed to dealing with internal borders. There will be costs and we all will suffer if that adjustment has to be made. The will of the people, as evidenced by our poll, is that intra-island trade remain free. The will of the three governments, by sending representatives to a conference with that explicit objective, is that intra-island trade remain free. The historical thrust of the last part of the 20th Century and the first part of the 21st is towards larger free trade areas, not smaller. People who trade freely, understand each other better, and thus are less likely to fight, a fact that has been demonstrated historically. Thus, if this conference is a success, it will provide benefits, not only in trade, but in all areas of our inter-island interaction. I thank the governments for deciding to send these delegates, and I thank the delegates for coming. I thank them in advance for the work they will be putting in these next few days. This is their conference, it is up to them to agree or not. I can only act as a facilitator. Best of luck in the task at hand, keeping intra-island trade free."
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
at the working session the next morning

So gentlemen, do any of you have any proposals for a draft treaty, or would you rather work from the document that CAFTA has been discussing?
 

unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
"Merci, thank you Per de Fourgéres. The people of St. Esprit are happy to be involved in this conference and certainly want to see a restoration and normalization of commerce between all of us here on the island.

We believe that some basic protections of workers, not markets, must remain intact, but otherwise are happy to begin the dicussion with your propsed document.

As for the specifics, I'd like to begin with some discussion about this clause:

Resolved that this treaty is effective upon adoption and any taxes levied on trade between the dissolution of the Second Republic of Eutopia and the adoption of this treay are subject to refund upon appropriate application.

That seems a trifle over-broad, doesn't it? I mean, if we employ a VAT and it applies to imported goods as well as domestic goods, is that not "taxation on trade"? I clearly understand what you are referring to, but there are numerous duties and fees which may not be considered "taxes" and certain taxes that may apply to functions under the definition of "trade", such as a sales tax on services that applies to the fees charged by a marketing consultant, an importer/exporter, etc. that might wrongly be made illegal under such language.

It seems we could tighten that up a bit, don't you agree?"

- Jack Teano

(heagarty as NPC)
 

unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
Director Zeno Ghoebia simply glares, suffering the diplomatic snub with less than a forgiving attitude. It is not just like the Anglos to mistake one Latin for another? It is not like them to care so little about the affairs of those outside of their own kind? That was one of the root causes of the Kingdom's secession, and even now, in a gracious attempt to normalize relations, the Anglos continue their ways.

He hissed under his breath as the "conference" continued. It was becoming apparent from the documents presented that Eutopia was no longer content to ignore the plight of the laborer in Isabela or N. Rioja. But rather that even after the oppressed workers rose up to form their own nation, that the economic colonialists wanted to try to force some Faustian bargain upon them, to deny them the necessary protections designed to create a fair and level playing field. Eutopians would continue to exploit their workers, and now, if Tilapia wanted to remain competitive with them they would need trade protections, but these would be denied under this agreement that the smooth talking former American-Eutopian from St. Esprit was accepting without debate.

But rather than voice these concerns just yet, Director Ghoebia simply kept himself occupied with his note pad. What would seem like copious note taking to an observer was in fact little more than doodles of malicious wounding of the Russian who had offended him.

-heagarty as NPC
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
"Thank-you, Minister Teano. You brought up two important points, one about basic protections for the workers, that we should note and discuss later, and the one you wanted to discuss first, regarding the clause requiring refunds of any duties already employed. As I said before, this is your conference not mine, so probably the easiest step is to simply delete the offending clause if no government wants it included. I can see how it would create lots of paperwork without stimulating trade, as what has already happened wouldn't change. Does any government wish that clause to remain?"

Loic pauses for a moment and gets no immediate reaction. "Tentatively, let's assume that is stricken, if any of you hear otherwise when you consult with your governments, then we will bring up the topic again."

"Well, then, let's turn to the matter of protections for the workers. The current version treaty would protect the rights of workers to work anywhere on the island, but that might not be the protection that Minister Teano had in mind. Tell me, Director Ghoebia, what sort of protections for the workers of Tilapia does your government feel should be enshrined in this treaty?"
 

unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
"I think," said Zeno Ghoebia, "that workers must be protected from unfair trade practices. The working people of Tilapia have seen the ill effects of unilateral free trade - Canadian lumber dumped into our markets destroying our timber industry, a fishing industry ravaged by foreign-supported competition while the government does nothing for our workers.

It has been a hallmark of the foolishness of past Eutopian administrations to believe that if we played fair then our trading partners, more accurately our trading competitors, would not take advantage of this, exploiting it for their own good.

As such the people of Tilapia want normalized trade relations and favorable agreements on trade, but are unwilling to voluntarily restrict our ability to ever enact government policies to protect our workers from losing their jobs to Eutopian or St. Espritian competition.

We wish to restore uninterrupted commerce across the island, but are unwilling to tie our hands to restrict our future ability to respond to economic crisises.

So, you might ask, are we advocating protectionism and not free trade?

That is correct, we do not subscribe to the faith that you seem to put in free trade.

Our purpose here is simply a restoration and normalization of commerce, which right now has ground to a halt given government uncertainty about the legal issues surrounding the seccession.

Do we anticipate enacting trade barriers against Eutopian or St.Espritian goods? No. But do we want to preclude that by prematurely signing a binding treaty? No, we do not wish to do that either.

Your proposed treaty is far too ambitious for what we seek. We just secured our national sovereignty, we shall not cede it over an issue as important as trade.

If you seek to restore commerce, to set in place relatively open borders and to facilitate the flow of goods between our nations, Tilapia shall join you in this endeavor. If you wish us to surrender our rights to protect our workers from unfair foreign trade practices or even being driven out of business by a dominant Eutopian industrial presence, you will find us a most troublesome obstacle."

He sat back and pushed his glasses up the bridge of his nose, sweating a bit. He was letting his personal feelings interfere with his negotiations. Yet his feelings were representative of the typical Tilapian: general distrust of Eutopia and a reluctance to enter into any agreement that could restrict their freedom.

-heagarty as NPC
 

unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
"Errrrrr.......right," responded Teano, his jaw dropping a bit. "Well, if that's all we are here to do I suppose we can go along with that as well."

He organized his previously spread out papers into a neat pile.

"Normalization of trade is good. Whether we move beyond that could be the topic of future meetings if....um....everyone is in agreement."

He was trying to gauge everyone's interest, to determine in which direction to push or whether his assumption of the goals of the conference had been in error.

He thought back to back to his days of public service in Eutopia. This Ghoebia guy reminded him of someone, but he'd best not say who.


- Jack Teano
heagarty as NPC
 

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*Minister Talbott arrives at the CAFTA conference unannounced, a complete surprise to all participating.

Reverend Teano, Director Ghoebia...how glad I am to finally see both of you in person again. I was not aware that you were going to make the journey here yourselves; otherwise I would have been here from the beginning. But we're all here now, and that's what matters.

*Minister Talbott whispers a short statement to Ambassador Gonzov, and receives a lengthy whisper in return. It appears that he may be attempting to catch up with the situation.*

*Minister Talbott readjusts his tie and sharply sits down in a chair next to Gonzov.*

Director Ghoebia, from what I've ascertained, it seems that you are favoring rather protectionist attitudes because of the "ill effects of unilateral free trade." Now, even disregarding the economic validity of that statement (which we could discuss for years even though the vast majority of economists have a clearly united stance on the issue), it still does not apply to this situation. The reason why CAFTA is holding these talks is exactly to avoid such ill-effects; around this table, representatives from all three countries can discuss and negotiate multilateral free trade between our countries, so that no one country lets down its guard first and disadvantages itself.

Of course, in reality, there's no real reason to speak in such negative terms. Free trade is not a bad thing, especially in our situation. We have had free trade between what are now the three nations on the island of Eutopia for over 200 years; if it were to be eliminated now (or at any time in the future), it would prove the greatest shock to the smallest and most fragile of the three economies--St. Espirit and, by your own admission, Director Ghoebia, Tilapia. Companies throughout the island of Eutopia are dependant on pan-Island trade; a company here in New Lancaster buys items from Buen Puerto, one in Castries buys from Chateauvallon. As artificial barriers to trade are erected, these companies' operating expenses increase, as do the prices of everyday imported goods, resulting in higher prices across the board--which spells inflation and hardship for all consumers throughout Eutopia. And for the Eutopian worker, wages do not increase at the same pace as prices, leading to further problems for him and possible labor unrest down the road. Yes, the government does receive a bit of revenue to ameliorate these problems--but nowhere near enough.

But what about those protected industries, you may ask? Don't they benefit? Well, they don't get pushed out of business by the more efficient competitors, true...so now they can charge higher prices (as long as its still Ð.01 cheaper than the competitors)...again, hurting consumers. With less danger of foreign competition, there's now less incentive for the industry to be efficient--quality will go down, they won't invest in technology, etc. And if the foreign competition does get close to competing again, what's easier? Actually trying to improve your business...or lobbying the government for another tariff increase? So now on the global market, these industries, made lax by the tariffs, cannot compete at all. Because your goods don't have the advantage of the tariff overseas, foreign consumers would be paying more for what would likely be an inferior good if they bought your products. So that market's gone...which leaves the domestic market. In countries like the US or Japan, where the population is huge, they can get away with it because the domestic market is so large. In Tilapia, St. Espirit...to a lesser extent, the UPE...the market is so small that industries could really only produce for that tiny market, and would have to downsize anyway.

Furthermore, no-one's going to put capital into your country to start new industries, as operating expenses will be higher due to tariffs, and there's a high likelihood that your tariffs will provoke reciprocating tariffs from other countries--decreasing the potential revenues from the foreign market.

Protectionism gravely hurts the economy as a whole in exchange for dubious benefits to one sector of it. Small countries like us simply cannot afford it. I'm taking the point to a bit of an extreme here, but there's a good reason why small places like Hong Kong and Singapore have free trade policies--and that's much of the reason why their economies are envied throughout the world.


Now, of course, there are still some problems with the treaty as it stands--ones which you brought up. What about unfair trade practices, like subsidized dumping? Well, we're here at a conference to sort these sorts of things out, aren't we? Let's think rationally about the situation and come to a mutually acceptable agreement that allows all countries to reap the rewards of free trade without letting any country take unfair advantage of it.
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
"The director from Tilapia raises an interesting point. There is a technical answer and practical answer, both of which should be considered. The technical answer should come from an international lawyer, which I am not, but let me guess that he might say that this is a multilateral treaty, where each participant country accords to other signatories the rights allowed by the treaty, in exchange for the other according the same rights to them. Nothing in the treaty requires it to be a perpetual arrangement, so the Tilapian government could ratify it in the near future, and rescind that ratification at some future date if some dominant Eutopian industrial presence were engaging in unfair trade practices.

The practical answer is that each country will have to decide whether they want to operate inside or outside the free trading area we are seeking to maintain. If, in response to some future unfair trading practices, Tilapia should decide to withdraw from CAFTA, as is clearly within its right do so, then it could find its goods subject to the same duties in the two other nations as products from the US, Europe or Japan. This would have an impact on Tilapian income and unemployment, which would have to be weighed against the perceived cost of the unfair trading practices.

My own views on the subject have already been publicised, that countries with more open trade grow more quickly than those with protections against unfair trading practices. But this is your conference, and it is your country, your workers, your consumers (who are for the most part the same as the workers), your government and your conscience that you must consider, not my views.

Given the concerns you express, perhaps you prefer to have an explicit mention of the timing for withdrawal written into the draft treaty, such as 'any member country, by giving three months notice, may withdraw from this arrangement'.

As Minister Teano indicated, this may be less than some hoped for, but it still would represent a step forward from current uncertain conditions. Given these considerations, it would seem premature to discuss additional dreams like including additional countries. I will have a revised draft prepared and distributed for tomorrow's session. If any additional ideas are raised and achieve concensus in this afternoon's discussions, I will try to incorporate them as well. If, on reading that, you feel that your thoughts have been captured correctly in the draft treaty, the appropriate next step might be more in depth consultations with your governments. Unless Minister Talbott shows up tomorrow, I believe that the Eutopian government will need to do that. I realize that this is can be a difficult process, so I thank you again for your efforts."
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
draft intra-island free trade treaty

We, the sovereign nations of El Reino del Tilapia, La Republique Latine de St. Esprit, and the United Provinces of Eutopia, jointly and individually acknowledge that the benefits of free intra-island trade outweigh any disadvantages and do hereby establish this treaty to maintain the freedom of intra-island trade.

Article I. Founding Member States
The sovereign nations of El Reino del Tilapia, La Republique Latine de St. Esprit, and the United Provinces of Eutopia are eligible to become founding member states, with the rights and privileges as defined herein. To become a founding member state that nation must ratify this document within one year of the time the first eligible founding member state does so.

No additional nations may apply for membership within one year of the time the first eligible founding member state ratifies this treaty. After that time, any prospective additional member nations must be approved unanimously by all current founding member states.

A founding member state can, by providing three months notice, withdraw from the provisions of this treaty. If, later, it should wish to rejoin, it would be subject to the approval of all current founding member states, under the same criteria for other prospective additional member states, except that, upon rejoining, it could resume its founding member status.

Article II. Duties
The member states will enact laws, adjust regulations, or make other changes as necessary such that the trade in goods, services, labour, capital, and intellectual property between signatories is not taxed in any way differently than domestic commerce in the same areas.

The free trade in goods does not include substances that are prohibited by law (such as illegal drugs or ivory) in any member country, or illegally obtained goods (stolen or manufactured under illegal conditions). Export subsidies are deemed to be in contravention of this treaty. The free trade in services or labour does not include contracts that oblige slavery or indentured servitude longer than one month. The free trade in capital does not exempt capital from income taxes.

Each signatory shall appoint a representative to CAFTA to attend meetings to take place on such a schedule as the signatories decide, but not less than annually.

Article III. Goals
The harmonization of tax rates, professional qualifications, quality standards, and vehicle inspection standards will facilitate the operation of this treaty and are encouraged.

Article IV. Consultation and Dispute Resolution
At the meetings, the progress towards harmonization will be reviewed, as well as any disputes regarding the duties of each signatory with respect to maintain free trade among the signatories. If the actions of a signatory are found not to be compliant with the terms of this treaty by two-thirds of the founding member states, a report to that effect will be distributed to all member states. The same item will be reviewed one year later. If the same condition persists, the membership of the nation found to be contravening the terms of this treaty may be suspended for one year, after a three-month notice period. Such a suspension can be renewed.

Article V. Amendments
This treaty can be amended by unanimous ratification of the proposed changes by all founding member states.
 

unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
Director Ghoebia bristled under the lecture he received from the former professor.

"While I thank the Minister for his civics lesson, might I respectfully suggest that things might not be as simple as he suggests? That, again, if one negotiates from the position of strenth, in this case, Eutopia, then his argument works just fine, but that there might be other factors to consider.

For example:

Under your free trade arrangement, you envision commerce remaining the same, with everyone producing what they had produced before. That's great if you have the industrial strength of Eutopia. How can Tilapia develop its own industial base? You would have us remain fishermen and farmers as that is "more efficient". But we would rather develop our own economic policies. Under the status quo Tilapia would remain dependent upon Eutopian industry, and that's a mighty club for your to wield over our people.

The short term "hurt" as you call of it paid by Tilapians while protected industry is developed is a small price to pay for the long term benefits of economic independence.

By your very words you justify why we must retain sovereign control over our industrial policy, we ARE a smaller nation and it currently IS more efficient for us to buy industrial goods from Eutopia. But at what price to our own economic security? Our cultural identity?

As far as who puts capital into a country, again you look through the tainted shade of your academic background. Such decisions are not made solely on the basis of spreadsheets and calculated return on investment. It may well be that we want to DISCOURAGE Eutopian investment in Tilapia. Likewise, there may be entities more than willing to invest in Tilapia, despite the higher cost, in order to build viable competition.

Unless of course, you see competition as a bad thing?

That is the root of this argument. Free trade under the status quo ensures a Eutopian monopoly over most industrial and consumer goods not already imported from overseas!

If competition lowers prices, if competition is good for consumers, then we must act to CREATE competition where it does not exist, and currently that means developing a domestic alternative to your dominance of the markets."

Flushed, he pauses, cools off with a deep breath, then turns to face the conference moderator.

"I appreaciate your recognition of my concerns. Please let us be clear so as to avoid misunderstanding. Tilapia does not at this time wish to join a greater CAFTA, of nations not of Eutopian heritage. Rather, we accepted CAFTA's invitation to this conference to discuss the normalization of trade relations with Eutopia and St. Esprit.

There are still questions of property, fishing rights, commercial travel, etc. that we wish to work out (OOC: not that I am prepared to deal with specifics, especially here and now, just things for the "to do" list. :) ), and we wish to do so and develop a healthy trading relationship with Eutopia, but not at the expense of our own economic self-determination.

I will, in good faith, bring this proposal back to Tilapia with me. But, if I may suggest, it may be more productive to give my government more than a "si" or "no" option. The creation of an "associate member", that would participate in the following areas: III & IV, along with agreement over the ban of illegal goods. This "third way" might allow for more dialogue and a gradual coming together on what is, I expect, a very contentious issue."

-Zeno Ghoebia
heagarty as NPC
 

unmerged(33865)

Eutopian Chess Champ
Sep 2, 2004
64
0
Loic had been taking extensive notes during the director's tirade. He rose to speak, smiled, folded his notes and put them away. "I think it is best to leave the last word on what is good for which country with the governmental representatives who have already spoken. Therefore I wish to thank them for coming and permitting the frank exchange of views to help everyone understand the situation better than when we started. I hereby declare this conferenced adjourned."
 
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unmerged(4271)

General
Jun 6, 2001
2.161
0
Teano thanks the chairman and also wishes Talbott well, before taking his copy of the agreement and departing for St. Esprit.

Ghoebia also take a copy but sort of slinks off, still looking dour and offended. He had, however, one stop to make prior to returning to his nation.



- heagarty as NPC
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